1. Ernest Lawrence - Biography ernest orlando lawrence was born on 8th August, 1901, at Canton lawrence marriedMary Kimberly Blumer, daughter of the From nobel Lectures, Physics 19221941. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1939/lawrence-bio.html

Ernest Orlando Lawrence University of South Dakota , receiving his B.A. in Chemistry in 1922. The following year he received his M.A. from the University of Minnesota . He spent a year at Chicago University doing physics and was awarded his Ph.D. from Yale University in 1925. He continued at Yale for a further three years, the first two as a National Research Fellow and the third as Assistant Professor of Physics. In 1928 he was appointed Associate Professor of Physics at the University of California , Berkeley, and two years later he became Professor, being the youngest professor at Berkeley. In 1936 he became Director of the University's Radiation Laboratory as well, remaining in these posts until his death. During World War II he made vital contributions to the development of the atomic bomb, holding several official appointments in the project. After the war he played a part in the attempt to obtain international agreement on the suspension of atomic-bomb testing, being a member of the U.S. delegation at the 1958 Geneva Conference on this subject. Lawrence's research centred on nuclear physics. His early work was on ionization phenomena and the measurement of ionization potentials of metal vapours. In 1929 he invented the cyclotron, a device for accelerating nuclear particles to very high velocities without the use of high voltages. The swiftly moving particles were used to bombard atoms of various elements, disintegrating the atoms to form, in some cases, completely new elements. Hundreds of radioactive isotopes of the known elements were also discovered. His brother, Dr. John Lawrence, who became Director of the University's Medical Physics Laboratory, collaborated with him in studying medical and biological applications of the cyclotron and himself became a consultant to the Institute of Cancer Research at

2. Physics 1939 The nobel Prize in Physics 1939. for elements . ernest orlando lawrence.USA. University of California Berkeley, CA, USA. b. 1901 d. 1958. http://www.nobel.se/physics/laureates/1939/

The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 "for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artificial radioactive elements" Ernest Orlando Lawrence USA University of California Berkeley, CA, USA b. 1901 d. 1958 The Nobel Prize in Physics 1939 Presentation Speech Ernest Lawrence Biography ... Other Resources The 1939 Prize in: Physics Chemistry Physiology or Medicine Literature ... Peace Find a Laureate: Last modified June 16, 2000 The Official Web Site of The Nobel Foundation

3. Ernest Orlando Lawrence Winner Of The 1939 Nobel Prize In Physics ernest orlando lawrence, a nobel Prize Laureate in Physics, at thenobel Prize Internet Archive. ernest orlando lawrence. 1939 nobel http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/1939a.html

E RNEST O RLANDO L AWRENCE 1939 Nobel Laureate in Physics for the invention and development of the cyclotron and for results obtained with it, especially with regard to artifi cial radioactive elements. Background Residence: U.S.A Affiliation: University of California, Berkeley, CA Featured Internet Links Search WWW Search The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Links added by Nobel Internet Archive visitors A Lawrence page from Berkeley (submitted by Ed Hughes) Presentation of award and acceptance speech (submitted by Georgia Fujikawa Ernest Orlando Lawrence - Biography (submitted by Chinnappan Baskar Back to The Nobel Prize Internet Archive Literature Peace ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

4. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Physics ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS. Name, Year Awarded.Alferov, Zhores I. 2000. Laughlin, Robert B. 1998. lawrence, ernest orlando, 1939. http://almaz.com/nobel/physics/alpha.html

ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF NOBEL PRIZE LAUREATES IN PHYSICS Name Year Awarded Alferov, Zhores I. Alfven, Hannes Alvarez, Luis W. Anderson, Carl David ... Medicine We always welcome your feedback and comments

5. Library: Nobel Laureates of California, Berkeley, following the receipt of the nobel Prize, ernest O Professorernest orlando lawrence was born of Norwegian ancestry in Canton, South http://www-library.lbl.gov/teid/tmLib/nobellaureates/LibEO_Lawrence.htm

Ernest O. Lawrence 1939 Nobel Prize for Physics Presentation of Award Address by Mr. Birge Remarks by Mr. C.E. Wallerstedt Text ... Publications about E. O. Lawrence available in the Library Ernest Lawrence about the time he came to the University of California at Berkeley, August 1931. Opening remarks by MR. SPROUL. Copy of 1935 photograph of Ernest O. Lawrence. Our interest in the event we are celebrating does not arise solely from the fact that the Nobel Prize is the highest scholarly honor that the world has to offer to any man or woman for intellectual achievement. We recognize this fact, naturally, and pay our sincere respects to the young teacher who has made it possible for us to share some of the prestige which this award bestows. But, beyond this local and personal consideration, we recognize a real and special privilege in participating with representatives of our sister nation, Sweden, in the perpetuation of a dream of ideality conceived in the mind of one of her immortal sons, ALFRED NOBEL. Ernest O. Lawrence at the controls of the 37-inch cyclotron about 1938. Image copied from the California Monthly.

6. Library: Nobel Laureates 29, 1957. Wilkes, D. 200 manyears of life - The story of ernest orlando lawrence. 1966.Childs, H. An american genius; the life of ernest orlando lawrence. http://www-library.lbl.gov/teid/tmLib/nobellaureates/LibLawrencePubsOthers.htm

Publications About E. O. Lawrence Available in the Library Dasannacharya, B.: Prof. E. O. Lawrence. Current Science, 12, 544-545, Dec. 1939. Livingston, M. S.: History of the Cyclotron. Physics Today, 12, 18-34, Oct. 1959. The United States Atomic Energy Commission : Second Enrico Fermi Award Conferred on Doctor Ernest O. Lawrence . Press Release 1208., Oct. 29, 1957. Wilkes, D.: 200 man-years of life - The story of Ernest Orlando Lawrence. The Physics Teacher, 3, 1-9, Sept. 1965. Oliphant M. L.: The two Ernests - I. Physics Today, 35-49, Sept. 1966. Oliphant M. L.: The two Ernests - II. Physics Today, 41-51, Oct. 1966. Childs, H.: An american genius; the life of Ernest Orlando Lawrence. Dutton, New York, 1968. Davis, N. P.: Lawrence and Oppenheimer. Simon and Schuster, New York, 1968. McMillan, E. M.: Early days in the Lawrence Laboratory. University of California Press, Berkeley, 1976. Alvarez, L. W.: Ernest Orlando Lawrence 1901-1958. Columbia University Press, New York. 1970.

7. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando lawrence, ernest orlando. ernest lawrence with his cyclotron, c. 1931. 27, 1958,Palo Alto, Calif.), American physicist, winner of the 1939 nobel Prize for http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/341_7.html

Lawrence, Ernest Orlando Ernest Lawrence with his cyclotron, c. The Granger Collection, New York City (b. Aug. 8, 1901, Canton, S.D., U.S.d. Aug. 27, 1958, Palo Alto, Calif.), American physicist, winner of the 1939 Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention of the cyclotron , the first particle accelerator to achieve high energies. Lawrence earned his Ph.D. at Yale University in 1925. An assistant professor of physics at Yale (1927-28), he went to the University of California, Berkeley, as an associate professor and became full professor there in 1930. Lawrence first conceived the idea for the cyclotron in 1929. One of his students, M. Stanley Livingston, undertook the project and succeeded in building a device that accelerated hydrogen ions (protons) to an energy of 13,000 electron volts (eV). Lawrence then set out to build a second cyclotron; when completed, it accelerated protons to 1,200,000 eV, enough energy to cause nuclear disintegration. To continue the program, Lawrence built the Radiation Laboratory at Berkeley in 1936 and was made its director. One of Lawrence's cyclotrons produced technetium, the first element that does not occur in nature to be made artificially. His basic design was utilized in developing other particle accelerators, which have been largely responsible for the great advances made in the field of particle physics. With the cyclotron, he produced radioactive phosphorus and other isotopes for medical use, including radioactive iodine for the first therapeutic treatment of hyperthyroidism. In addition, he instituted the use of neutron beams in treating cancer.

8. Nobel Prize Winners For Physics irradiation. 1939, lawrence, ernest orlando, US, invention of the cyclotron.1943, Stern, Otto, US, discovery of the magnetic moment of the proton. http://www.britannica.com/nobel/table/phys.html

Year Article Country* Achievement Germany discovery of X rays Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Zeeman, Pieter The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Becquerel, Henri France discovery of spontaneous radioactivity Curie, Marie France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Curie, Pierre France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Rayleigh (of Terling Place), John William Strutt, 3rd Baron U.K. discovery of argon Lenard, Philipp Germany research on cathode rays Thomson, Sir J.J. U.K. researches into electrical conductivity of gases Michelson, A.A. U.S. spectroscopic and metrological investigations Lippmann, Gabriel France photographic reproduction of colours Braun, Ferdinand Germany development of wireless telegraphy Marconi, Guglielmo Italy development of wireless telegraphy Waals, Johannes Diederik van der The Netherlands research concerning the equation of state of gases and liquids Wien, Wilhelm

9. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Lang 2000. lawrence, ernest orlando. DATES 1901–1958. American physicist.He won a 1939 nobel Prize for the development of the cyclotron. http://www.bartleby.com/61/60/L0076000.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary Lawrence, D(avid) H(erbert) ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition.

10. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 lawrence, ernest orlando. the cyclotron (see particle accelerator) and his researchesin atomic structure and transmutation he received the 1939 nobel Prize in http://www.bartleby.com/65/la/LawrencE.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando

11. Ernest Orlando Lawrence public figure at Berkeley and upon his nomination for the nobel Prize, Time ErnestOrlando lawrence died on 27 August, 1958 in Palo Alto, California, but he http://www.nuclearfiles.org/rebios/lawrence.htm

home key issues history resources ... contact us Ernest Orlando Lawrence Ernest Orlando Lawrence was born on 8 August, 1901 in Canton, South Dakota. He received a Bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of South Dakota in 1922, a Master's degree in 1923 from the University of Minnesota, and a Ph.D. from Yale in 1925. Lawrence took the position of Associate Professor of Physics at the University of California, Berkeley in 1928 and became the school's youngest Professor in 1930. In 1929, Lawrence invented the cyclotron, a device capable of smashing atoms, a major advancement for the development of the atomic bomb. The machine used an electromagnet to accelerate nuclear particles to the point that they could then bombard atoms, producing both completely new elements and radioactive isotopes of existing elements. Lawrence was appointed to Director of the University's Radiation Laboratory in 1936 and was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics for the invention of the cyclotron. He was rapidly becoming a prominent public figure at Berkeley and upon his nomination for the Nobel Prize, Time magazine gave Lawrence god-like status by featuring him on the cover with a caption reading, "He creates and destroys." The success guaranteed Lawrence the future funding he needed from Berkeley to continue his research. It also marked the beginning of a long-lasting relationship between the University Regents and the US military.

12. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando (1901-1958), Physicien Américain Et Prix Nobel, En 193 Translate this page ernest orlando lawrence (1901-1958). Physicien américain et prix nobel, en 1939,pour l'invention et la construction du cyclotron, appareil destiné à http://isimabomba.free.fr/biographies/chimistes/lawrence.htm

Ernest Orlando Lawrence (1901-1958) P N LISTE HOME

13. Ernest Orlando Lawrence, Laboratory Founder It was the first of nine nobel Prizes awarded to scientists here. force of the laboratorythat today is named the ernest orlando lawrence Berkeley National http://www.lbl.gov/LBL-PID/Ernest-Lawrence.html

Ernest Orlando Lawrence, Laboratory Founder Bronze relief of Ernest Orlando Lawrence designed by Flavio Robles, Jr., of the Lab's Technical and Electronic Information Department "Ernest was born grown up." His mother said this so often that it became a family cliche, anticipated whenever Gunda Lawrence spoke of her eldest son. She said it before he was ten, and again when he won the Nobel Prize at 38; it was her response when questioned about his youthful enthusiasm at 50 without thought of the contradiction in terms. It was her explanation of the inscrutable. It would have served had she heard the scholar whose business it was to assess the brilliant, call him "Perhaps the only real genius I've ever known," and as readily for the summation of a successful businessman: "The most normal egghead I ever saw!" Nor did it surprise her that a President of the United States called him a "statesman." Of course he was a genius, and as normal as any successful American an American genius. An American genius: of immigrant stock, rural, prairie, small-town schools, and Midwest universities until graduate work in the East; all in America, at a time when the luster of Cambridge or Gottingen was important in physics. Then, in so short a time, he created his own bailiwick in the Far West, a center to which physicists of every enlightened nation gravitated, the while remaining a "regular fellow," at ease and at home with dignitaries, scientists, politicians, military men, students, and Rotarians; courageous, optimistic, in a hurry, and as extroverted and happy as the normal American male is supposed to be. A success in the true Horatio Alger genre.

14. Lawrence -- The Man, His Lab, His Legacy lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is the namesake and legacy of its founder,ernest orlando lawrence, winner of the 1939 nobel Prize for Physics for his http://www.lbl.gov/Science-Articles/Archive/lawrence-legacy.html

October 1, 2001 "Lawrence will always be remembered as the inventor of the cyclotron, but more importantly, he should be remembered as the inventor of the modern way of doing science." Luis Alvarez, winner of the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physics Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is the namesake and legacy of its founder, Ernest Orlando Lawrence, winner of the 1939 Nobel Prize for Physics for his invention of the cyclotron. Yes, Lawrence was the inventor of the cyclotron, the granddaddy of today's most powerful accelerators. Yes, he was the "father of big science," the first to advance the idea of doing research with multidisciplinary teams of scientists and engineers. But these facts alone do not explain why Nobel-laureate scientists such as Edwin McMillan, Luis Alvarez, Melvin Calvin and Glenn Seaborg continued to speak of themselves as members of Ernest Lawrence's team long after they'd established their own considerable reputations. Lawrence would have been 100 years old on August 8, 2001, a fitting time to reflect on the life of the man who was, said biographer Herbert Childs, "an American genius, a success story in the true Horatio Alger genre."

15. Lawrence Livermore: About The Lab: History: Who Was Ernest O. Lawrence? This giant of physics is ernest orlando lawrence, known to the world as EO andinventor of the cyclotron, nobel Prize winner, and namesake of lawrence http://www.llnl.gov/llnl/history/eolawrence.html

Legal Notice Creating Laboratory's Future ... Reach Us Who Was Ernest O. Lawrence? He was called the "Atom Smasher." The man who "held the key" to atomic energy. This "giant" of physics is Ernest Orlando Lawrence, known to the world as E. O. and inventor of the cyclotron, Nobel Prize winner, and namesake of Lawrence Livermore and Lawrence Berkeley national laboratories. "He saw physics as a kind of adventure," said Herb York, the first Lawrence Livermore National Lab director. "He wanted to do 'big physics,' the kind of work that could only be done on a large scale with a lot of people involved." The invention that would rocket E. O. Lawrence to international fame started out modestly as a sketch on a scrap of paper. While sitting in the library one evening, Lawrence happened to glance over a journal article and was intrigued by one of the diagrams. The idea was to produce very high energy particles required for atomic disintegration by means of a succession of very small "pushes." Lawrence told his colleagues that he had found a method for obtaining particles of very high energy, without the use of any high voltage. The idea was surprisingly simple, but Lawrence double-checked his theory with physicists from Yale to make sure he had not overlooked a critical detail. "Without a doubt, Lawrence's finest achievement was inventing the cyclotron," said York. "The cyclotron impacted future scientific advances." In November 1939, Lawrence won the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the cyclotron and its various applications.

16. S&TR | October 2001 Age of particle physics, ernest orlando lawrence embarked on the adventure and endedup creating the model for largescale science, winning a nobel Prize, and http://www.llnl.gov/str/October01/Lawrence.html

Legal Notice October 2001 The Laboratory in the News ... Awards SCIENCE was his adventure. In a Golden Age of particle physics, Ernest Orlando Lawrence embarked on the adventure and ended up creating the model for large-scale science, winning a Nobel Prize, and infecting succeeding generations of scientists with his enthusiasm and drive. In his Radiation Laboratory (known as the Rad Lab), Lawrence integrated both theoretical scientists and engineers into his projects, and the laboratory became the prototype of the big laboratories that would follow. By 1939, the Rad Lab featured a 37-inch cyclotron that, in addition to being used for exploring nuclear physics, was also being used in a radical new treatment for cancer. Lawrence was quick to see the possibilities of the cyclotron beyond pure physics. He worked alongside medical doctors, chemists, biologists, and engineers to create uses for the product radioisotopes. For more information about Ernest O. Lawrence, his life and times, see the following:

17. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando lawrence, ernest orlando, 1901–58, American physicist, b. Canton, S.Dak., grad. inatomic structure and transmutation he received the 1939 nobel Prize in http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0829099

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Lawrence, Ernest Orlando Lawrence, Ernest Orlando, , American physicist, b. Canton, S.Dak., grad. Univ. of South Dakota, 1922, Ph.D. Yale, 1925. Affiliated with the Univ. of California from 1928, he became professor in 1930 and director of the radiation laboratory in 1936. For his invention (1930) and development of the cyclotron (see particle accelerator ) and his researches in atomic structure and transmutation he received the 1939 Nobel Prize in Physics. With the cyclotron he produced artificially radioactive elements and neutrons useful in nuclear, chemical, and biological research. Lawrence, D. H.

18. Lawrence, Ernest Orlando (Infoplease.com)Category Reference Encyclopedias Infoplease.com Biographies L...... lawrence, ernest orlando Born 1901 Birthplace Canton, So. Dakota. lawrencereceived the 1939 nobel Prize for Physics. (1982) Died 1958 http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0767168.html

19. Ernest Lawrence - Cyclotron the 1939 nobel Prize for Physics for his invention of the cyclotron, the first particleaccelerator to achieve high energies. ernest orlando lawrence (19011958 http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bllawrence.htm

zfp=-1 About Homework Help Inventors Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Inventors with Mary Bellis Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS 20th Century Inventions History of Computers/Internet A to Z Inventions ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Ernest Lawrence - C yclotron born Aug. 8, 1901 , Canton, South Dakota died Aug. 27, 1958 , Palo Alto, California Ernest Lawrence, was an American physicist and Nobel laureate, best known for his invention and development of the cyclotron, a device to accelerate nuclear particles and used in the discovery of the transuranium elements. The cyclotron, led to the development of particle physics and revolutionary discoveries about the nature of the universe. Ernest Lawrence was born in Canton, South Dakota and educated at the universities of South Dakota, Minnesota, and Chicago and at Yale University. Lawrence founded the Lawrence Berkeley Lab, the oldest of the national laboratories, in 1931. He was awarded the 1939 Nobel Prize in physics and the Enrico Fermi Award in 1957.

20. Ernest Lawrence - Wikipedia ernest orlando lawrence was the inventor of the cyclotron, nobel Prize winner, andnamesake of lawrence Livermore and lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories. http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest_Lawrence

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Page history Special pages Set my user preferences My watchlist Recently updated pages Upload image files Image list Registered users Site statistics Random article Orphaned articles Orphaned images Popular articles Most wanted articles Short articles Long articles Newly created articles Interlanguage links All pages by title Blocked IP addresses Maintenance page External book sources Printable version Talk Log in Help Ernest Lawrence From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Ernest Orlando Lawrence was the inventor of the cyclotron Nobel Prize winner, and namesake of Lawrence Livermore and Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratories He was called the "Atom Smasher." The man who "held the key" to atomic energy. "He wanted to do 'big physics,' the kind of work that could only be done on a large scale with a lot of people involved." The invention that would rocket E. O. Lawrence to international fame started out modestly as a sketch on a scrap of paper. While sitting in the library one evening, Lawrence happened to glance over a journal article and was intrigued by one of the diagrams. The idea was to produce very high energy particles required for atomic disintegration by means of a succession of very small "pushes." Lawrence told his colleagues that he had found a method for obtaining particles of very high energy, without the use of any high voltage. The idea was surprisingly simple, but Lawrence double-checked his theory with physicists from Yale to make sure he had not overlooked a critical detail.

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