61. The Rockefeller University For more than 40 years, Jim Darnell has had a major impact on American science, says nobel laureate phillip A. sharp, Ph.D., in his letter nominating the http://www.rockefeller.edu/pubinfo/092202.php

Issued: September 22, 2002 runews@rockefeller.edu Contact: Joe Bonner Cathy Yarbrough Lasker Award Honors Rockefeller University's James Darnell "Special Achievement in Medical Science" recognizes a groundbreaking researcher, influential writer and mentor An elected member of the National Academy of Sciences, Darnell joined Rockefeller University in 1974 and is the university's Vincent Astor Professor and head of the Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology "For more than 40 years, Jim Darnell has had a major impact on American science," says Nobel laureate Phillip A. Sharp, Ph.D., in his letter nominating the Rockefeller scientist for the Lasker honor. "He has played a unique role as a scientist, author and educator over this time and is uniquely qualified to receive this award." Darnell's many scientific achievements include the discovery of a pathway by which "molecular cues" on the surface of a cell signal the genes in that cell's nucleus to take specific actions. These signals are sent in reaction to changes in the cell's external environment in the body. As a result of the signals, the genes may express RNA for a specific hormone or other protein, or halt gene expression or activation. Such communications contribute to the survival of cells and indeed the entire organism. The cell-signaling route discovered by Darnell — called the JAK-STAT pathway — "provides the clearest example of signaling from the cell surface to genes in the nucleus. Studies of this pathway also yield important new insights into the biology of specific human cancers including multiple myeloma and head and neck tumors," adds Sharp, Institute Professor and founding director of the McGovern Institute for Brain Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

62. DI CRSC Criticism Of The PBS "Evolution" Series: Counting Nobel Laureates For USAborn nobel winners in this sample, New York appears to be the H. Fischer (n),Edwin G. Krebs 1993 Richard J. Roberts (n), phillip A. sharp 1994 Alfred http://www.antievolution.org/events/pbsevo/wre_nobel.html

Counting the Nobel laureates... Does it prove what the Discovery Institute says it does? by Wesley R. Elsberry In their viewer's guide pretentiously (and erroneously, as I will demonstrate below) titled, "Getting the Facts Straight", the Discovery Institute gives us this discussion: The narrator says that anti-evolution efforts following the Scopes trial "had a chilling effect on the teaching of evolution and the publishers of science textbooks. For decades, Darwin seemed to be locked out of America's public schools. But then evolution received an unexpected boost from a very unlikely source the Soviet Union." When the Soviets launched the first man-made satellite, Sputnik, in 1957, Americans were goaded into action. The narrator continues: "As long-neglected science programs were revived in America's classrooms, evolution was, too. Biblical literalists have been doing their best to discredit Darwin's theory ever since." This takes the distortion of history one giant step further. It is blatantly false that U.S. science education was "neglected" after the Scopes trial because Darwinism was "locked out of America's public schools." During those supposedly benighted decades, American schools produced more Nobel Prize-winners than the rest of the world put together. And in physiology and medicine the fields that should have been most stunted by a neglect of Darwinism the U.S. produced fully twice as many Nobel laureates as all other countries combined. How about the U.S. space program? Was it harmed by the supposed neglect of Darwinism in public schools? Contrary to what Evolution implies, the U.S. space program in 1957 was in good shape. The Soviet Union won the race to launch the first satellite because it had made that one of its highest national priorities. The U.S., on the other hand, had other priorities such as caring for its citizens and rebuilding a war-torn world. When Sputnik prodded Americans to put more emphasis on space exploration, the U.S. quickly surpassed the Soviet Union and landed men on the Moon. The necessary resources and personnel were already in place; the U.S. didn't have to wait for a new generation of rocket scientists trained in evolution.

63. ”_‹Æ‚̐¶•¨HŠw‚ðŽxŽ‚·‚é‰ÈŠwŽÒˆê“¯h‚̐鐾 Physics, 1996. 7. phillip A. sharp, nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,1993. 8. Donald A. Glaser, nobel Prize in Physics, 1960. 9 http://web-mcb.agr.ehime-u.ac.jp/agbio/Nobel_winners.htm

h”_‹Æ‚̐¶•¨HŠw‚ðŽxŽ‚·‚é‰ÈŠwŽÒˆê“¯ h‚̐鐾iAgBioworld)‚ɏ–¼‚µ‚½ƒm[ƒxƒ‹ÜŽóÜŽÒ‚Ì‘SƒŠƒXƒg Complete List of Nobel Laureates Endorsing AgBioWorld Declaration as of Dec 21, 2001The following NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS have signed the AgBioworld Declaration of Support for Agricultural Biotechnology: ”_‹ÆƒoƒCƒIƒeƒNƒmƒƒW[‚Ì‚½‚߂̐鐾‚ðŽxŽF 1. Norman Borlaug, Nobel Peace Prize, 1970 2. James Watson, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1962 3. Peter C. Doherty, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1996 4. Paul Berg, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1980 5. Mario Molina, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1995 6. Douglas D. Osheroff, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1996 7. Phillip A. Sharp, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1993 8. Donald A. Glaser, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1960 9. Arthur Kornberg, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1959 10. Richard E. Smalley, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1996 11. Marshall Nirenberg, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1968 12. Sheldon Glashow, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1979 13, Edward Lewis, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, 1995 14, Leon N. Cooper, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1972

64. Technology Review Biotech On The Move Biotech on the Move One of the industry’s founding fathers, nobel laureate Philsharp, talks to TR columnist Stephen Hall about phillip A. sharp has enjoyed http://www.techreview.com/articles/qa1199.asp

Subscribe Renew Customer Service Premium Content ... FREE NEWSLETTER TOPICS Biotech Business Computing Energy ... Biotechnology Biotech on the Move One of the industry’s founding fathers, Nobel laureate Phil Sharp, talks to TR columnist Stephen Hall about the origins—and the future—of this high-tech business. November/December 1999 Phillip A. Sharp has enjoyed a front-row seat for the revolution known as biotechnology. As a young professor of biology at MIT in 1977, he checked out—at the request of several venture capitalists—an obscure California company called Genentech, which had the preposterous notion of using recombinant DNA to create pharmaceuticals. Later that year, when Genentech announced it had made a human protein from a synthetic gene, the world learned publicly what Sharp had understood privately: Genetic engineering technology would transform medicine. In the spring of 1978, Sharp had the chance to put theory into practice. Those same venture capitalists recruited him and other prominent biologists from the United States and Europe to form the core of a new startup. The result, Cambridge, Mass.-based Biogen, remains one of the pioneering biotechnology firms; today, Sharp serves on the company’s board of directors and chairs its scientific advisory board, assessing potential research initiatives and overseeing the journey of drugs from lab bench to market. Sharp’s own journey in science has taken him far from the Kentucky tobacco farm where he was born on D-Day in 1944. In 1974, after postgraduate stints at Caltech and Cold Spring Harbor, he came to MIT. In 1993, Sharp shared the Nobel Prize with Richard Roberts for research showing that genes are not arrayed as continuous stretches of DNA, but rather are spliced together during cellular processing.

65. Nobel Peace Prize? JEWISH nobel WINNERS. Gertrude Elion 1989 Harold Varmus 1991 - Erwin Neher 1991- Bert Sakmann 1993 - Richard J. Roberts 1993 - phillip sharp 1994 - Alfred http://www.toojewish.com/contrib/misc/sillynobel.html

66. Nobel Prizes In Medicine And Physiology nobel Prizes in Medicine and Physiology. for the regulation of proteins in the humanbody 1993 Richard J. Roberts (USA, *1943) phillip A. sharp (USA, *1944 http://userpage.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/bib/nobel_medizin_e.html

Nobel Prizes in Medicine and Physiology Deutsche Version (List, not checked) E. A. v. Behring (Germany) Sir R. Ross (United Kingdom) N. R. Finsen (Denmark) I. P. Pawlow (Russia) R. Koch (Germany) C. Golgi (Italy) (Spain) Ch. L. A. Laveran (France) P. Ehrlich (Germany) I. Metschnikow (France, Russia) Th. Kocher (Switzerland) A. Kassel (Germany) A. Gullstrand (Sweden) A. Carrel (USA, France) Ch. Richet (France) (Austria) J. Bordet (Belgium) A. Krogh (Denmark) A. V. Hill (United Kingdom) O. Meyerhof (Germany) F. G. Banting (Canada) J. J. R. Macleod (Canada) W. Einthoven (Netherlands) J. Fibiger (Denmark) J. Wagner-Jauregg (Austria) Ch. Nicolle (France) Chr. Eijkman (Netherlands) Sir F.G. Hopkins (United Kingdom) K. Landsteiner (USA, Austria) O. H. Warburg (Germany) Ch. S. Sherrington (United Kingdom) E.D. Adrian (United Kingdom) Th. H. Morgan (USA) G. R. Minot (USA) W. P. Murphy (USA) G.H. Whipple (USA) H. Spemann (Germany) Sir H.H. Dale (United Kingdom) Otto Loewi (Austria, 1873-06-03 - 1961-12-25) (Hungary) C. Heymans (Belgium) G. Domagk

67. The Lasker Foundation | Lasker Awards And The Nobel Basic Award Winner, Lasker, nobel. George Wells Beadle, 1950, 1958. Andrew V. Schally,1975, 1977. phillip A. sharp, 1988, 1993. Roger Wolcott Sperry, 1979, 1981. http://www.laskerfoundation.org/awards/n_vs_l.html

Lasker Awards Jury Members This Year's Winners Former Winners ... Award History View Video Interviews Of select Lasker Award winners... Lasker Luminaries The Awards Society Find out how you can participate in our deferred giving program... The Awards Society Lessons Learned The making of a premier Awards Program. Find out how in... Lessons Learned Nominations Open call to... Nominate a Scientist Lasker Awards and the Nobel The Lasker Medical Science Awards in basic research, clinical research, special achievement and public service, which have been bestowed since l945, provide a chronicle of the progress of biomedical research over the last half-century. The Lasker Foundation is proud that many of the amazing discoveries and achievements of Lasker Award winners are recognized, in addition, by the prestigious Nobel Prize. As of 2002, sixty-six Lasker winners have gone on to win the Nobel. The following statistics are of interest: 47.5% of the Basic Lasker Winners go on to win the Nobel

68. Weekly Update Story nobel Prizewinning biologist phillip sharp will give two lectures on the Daviscampus next week about his research into the mechanisms controlling gene http://update.ucdmc.ucdavis.edu/Archives/May_3_02/nobel.html

1st appeared May 3, 2002 Nobel Prize winner to discuss gene expression in human cells Nobel Prize-winning biologist Phillip Sharp will give two lectures on the Davis campus next week about his research into the mechanisms controlling gene expression in human cells. Sharp has been at MIT since 1974, serving on the faculty of the Center for Cancer Research and Department of Biology, including stints directing both. Home Current Issue Archives Calendar of Events ... UC Davis Health System

69. AldeaEducativa.com | Contenidos Y Consultas Educativas Translate this page Ilustres. Premios nobel de 1993. Fogel, Robert W. Por su descubrimientoindependiente de la división genética. sharp, phillip A. http://www.aldeaeducativa.com/aldea/Nobel1e.asp?Which=1993

70. Communiqué Septembre 2001 Translate this page phillip sharp, Prix nobel de médecine en 1993, participera aux travaux, ainsiqu'Iain Mattaj, éditeur en chef du journal EMBO (European Molecular Biology http://www.usherbrooke.ca/medias/communiques/2001/sept/arn_2001.html

Accueil Communiqués Médias institutionnels Connaître l'Université de Sherbrooke ... Valorisation de la recherche Université de Sherbrooke 2500, boul. de l'Université Sherbrooke (Québec) Information sur les cours et programmes 1-800-267-UdeS Communiqués de presse Janvier Février Mars Avril ... Décembre Pour publication immédiate En présence du Prix Nobel de médecine (1993) Phillip Sharp Les spécialistes de l'acide ribonucléique se réunissent à Orford les 24 et 25 septembre Sherbrooke, le mercredi 5 septembre 2001 - Il est établi que de nombreuses maladies humaines, comme le cancer, le sida, les rétrovirus, le rhumatisme et de nombreuses maladies héréditaires, sont attribuables à des anomalies dans les molécules d'acide ribonucléique (ARN) ou dans leur mécanisme biologique. Les 24 et 25 septembre, 150 spécialistes mondiaux réunis à Orford sur l'invitation de l'Université de Sherbrooke chercheront à comprendre la relation entre la structure et la fonction des molécules d'ARN. Phillip Sharp, Prix Nobel de médecine en 1993, participera aux travaux, ainsi qu'Iain Mattaj, éditeur en chef du journal EMBO (European Molecular Biology Organisation). Jean-Pierre Perreault et ses collègues du centre d'excellence sur la biologie de l'ARN de l'Université de Sherbrooke organisent la rencontre : " Les molécules d'ARN nous réservent encore des surprises et il reste à leur découvrir une multitude de fonctions. L'ARN, c'est la science de l'avenir, surtout qu'il devient de plus en plus clair que nos recherches déboucheront sur des thérapies géniques et sur des plates-formes permettant l'exploitation technologique des découvertes ", affirme Jean-Pierre Perreault.

71. ARN Translate this page phillip sharp, Prix nobel de médecine en 1993, participera aux travaux, ainsi qu’IainMattaj, éditeur en chef du journal EMBO (European Molecular Biology http://www.usherbrooke.ca/liaison_vol36/03/liens/ribo.htm

Liaison, le journal de l'Université de Sherbrooke, 20 septembre 2001 En présence du Prix Nobel de médecine Phillip Sharp Les spécialistes de l’ARN se réunissent à Orford GILLES PELLOILLE Il est établi que de nombreuses maladies humaines, comme le cancer, le sida, les rétrovirus, le rhumatisme et de nombreuses maladies héréditaires, sont attribuables à des anomalies dans les molécules d’acide ribonucléique (ARN) ou dans leur mécanisme biologique. Les 24 et 25 septembre, 150 spécialistes mondiaux, réunis à Orford sur l’invitation de l’Université de Sherbrooke, chercheront à comprendre la relation entre la structure et la fonction des molécules d’ARN. Phillip Sharp, Prix Nobel de médecine en 1993, participera aux travaux, ainsi qu’Iain Mattaj, éditeur en chef du journal EMBO European Molecular Biology Organisation ). Jean-Pierre Perreault et ses collègues du centre d’excellence sur la biologie de l’ARN de l’UdeS organisent la rencontre : "Les molécules d’ARN nous réservent encore des surprises et il reste à leur découvrir une multitude de fonctions. L’ARN, c’est la science de l’avenir, surtout qu’il devient de plus en plus clair que nos recherches déboucheront sur des thérapies géniques et sur des plates-formes permettant l’exploitation technologique des découvertes", affirme Jean-Pierre Perreault. Selon Sherif Abou Elela, lui aussi membre de l’équipe sherbrookoise, la recherche sur l’ARN en est à ses débuts, et il existe un pressant besoin de communiquer entre les équipes universitaires : "Professeurs, chercheurs, étudiants aux cycles supérieurs, et maintenant les équipes du secteur privé, sont tous fascinés par ce que promettent déjà certaines découvertes sur l’ARN. L’échange d’information est essentiel à ce stade de nos travaux."

72. ACS :: Nobel Prize Winners The most recent Societysupported grantee to be awarded the nobel Prize (2001)is Leland Hartwell, PhD, for his 1993 phillip A. sharp, PhD Showed that http://www.cancer.org/docroot/RES/content/RES_7_6_Nobel_Prize_Winners.asp?sitear

73. Kentucky Native Threatened By The Unabomber Gives UK Science When Kentucky native phillip sharp won the nobel Prize in medicine, his accomplishmentdid not escape the notice of the Unabomber, who sent sharp a threatening http://www.kernel.uky.edu/1996/spring/0417/n34f.html

Kentucky native threatened by the Unabomber gives UK science lecture at UK Associated Press When Kentucky native Phillip Sharp won the Nobel Prize in medicine, his accomplishment did not escape the notice of the Unabomber, who sent Sharp a threatening letter. Sharp, who was in Lexington yesterday giving a scientific lecture at UK, said a sense of relief came with the arrest earlier this month of bombing suspect Theodore Kaczynski. "I think it's over now," Sharp said. "I think they've got the guy." Kaczynski, a reclusive one-time math professor, was arrested by federal agents in Montana. A search of Kaczynski's crude plywood shack apparently yielded bomb-making materials and other evidence. Sharp, who heads the biology department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, shared the 1993 Nobel Prize with British-born researcher Richard Roberts. The two independently confirmed that the genetic material in DNA occurs in spliced segments, not continuous strings, revolutionizing science's understanding of how genes work. Both men received letters from the Unabomber last spring, warning them to drop their research or face the consequences. Their letters were mailed the same day that a California timber industry lobbyist was killed by a Unabomber bomb.

74. Intellectual Output  From The Arab World JEWISH nobel WINNERS 0.2% OF WORLDS POPULATION 14,000,000 million Jews. Neher 1991 Bert Sakmann 1993 - Richard J. Roberts 1993 - phillip sharp 1994 - Alfred http://masada2000.org/nobel.html

nobel prize, nobel prize winners, jewish nobel prize winners, islam, muslim, moslem INTELLECTUAL OUTPUT ARAB / ISLAMIC NOBEL WINNERS of World's Population 1,400,000,000 Muslims Literature 1988 - Najib Mahfooz 1988. Peace 1978 - Anwar El-Sadat 1994 - Yasser Arafat ... A Joke!!! Chemistry 1990 Elias James Corey 1999 - Ahmed Zewail Medicine 1960 Peter Brian Medawar 1998 Ferid Mourad Physics Abdus Salam The Norwegians played an ugly joke on the world by pretending Arafat was a Man of Peace. It is time to correct a vile error. Click HERE to add your name to the petition to revoke his award. Masada2000.org special Nobel Prize for I N T E G R I T Y! Norwegian, Kaare Kristiansen was a member of the Nobel Committee. He resigned in 1994 to protest the awarding of a Nobel "Peace Prize" to Yasser Arafat, whom he correctly labeled a "terrorist." JEWISH NOBEL WINNERS OF WORLDS POPULATION 14,000,000 million Jews

75. May 10, 1996-Soma Weiss Assembly nobel laureate phillip A. sharp, head of the department of biology at MIT, deliveredthe keynote address, A Wonderful Journey RNA Splicing and Biology. He http://focus.hms.harvard.edu/1996/May10_1996/SomaWeiss.html

Soma Weiss Assembly: STUDENTS PRESENT RESEARCH T he 56th Annual Soma Weiss Assembly on April 25 featured 104 presentations of medical and dental research by students at the Harvard Medical School and Harvard School of Dental Medicine. The annual assembly honors the memory of Soma Weiss (1892-1942), a physician, researcher, and inspiring faculty advisor who sponsored the first such assembly 56 years ago. Students filled the Medical Education Center atrium with posters detailing their research on such diverse topics as osteoarthritis, gene discovery, epilepsy, emergency department costs, and palate clefting. Four students were chosen by the Soma Weiss Day Student Committee to give ten- minute presentations on their research findings. HMS student speakers Anne West, Kingsley Chin, Colin Sox and Keri Gardner presented short lectures on the following topics: targeting of neuronal proteins, the parathyroid hormone, quality of patient care in emergency departments and cellular polyphosphoinositide signaling. Phillip Sharp Nobel laureate Phillip A. Sharp, head of the department of biology at MIT, delivered the keynote address, "A Wonderful Journey: RNA Splicing and Biology." He emphasized the importance of continuing to support research, noting that technological advances were giving scientists-and, in particular, molecular biologists-powerful new research tools.

76. Phillip A. Sharp - CIRS sharp, phillip A. email sharppa@mit.edu. For this work he shared the 1993 NobelPrize in Physiology or Medicine with Dr. Richard Roberts who did work in http://www.cirs.net/researchers/medicine/SHARP.htm

SHARP, PHILLIP A. email: sharppa@mit.edu Institute Professor and Director of the McGovern Institute for Brain Research , Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA. Research interests : Prizes and awards : 2002: The Fourth Annual Biotechnology Heritage Medal, Chemical Heritage Foundation 2001: Honorary Doctorate from Northern Kentucky University 2001: The Walker Prize from the Museum of Science, Boston, MA 1999: The Benjamin Franklin Medal of the American Philosophical Society 1993: The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1993: The James R. Killian, Jr., Faculty Achievement Award, MIT 1993: The Mendel Medal Award from Villanova University, Villanova, PA 1990: The Dickson Prize, University of Pittsburgh 1988: The Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award 1988: Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize, Columbia University 1986: The New York Academy of Sciences Award in Biological and Medical Sciences 1986: The Gairdner Foundation International Award, Canada 1986: The General Motors Research Foundation Alfred P. Sloan, Jr. Prize for Cancer Research

77. Sharp, Phillip Allen. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language 2000. sharp, phillip Allen. DATES Born 1944. American biologist who shared a 1993Nobel prize in medicine for discovering that some genes are not continuous but http://www.bartleby.com/61/7/S0320725.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary sharp ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. Sharp, Phillip Allen

78. 2002 Biotechnology Heritage Award About phillip A. sharp. phillip Allen sharp received the 1993 NobelPrize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Richard J. Roberts. http://www.chemheritage.org/ExternalRelations/PressReleases/bio_2002_winner_pr.h

Public Affairs FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Contact: Neil Gussman neilg@chemheritage.org Biogen Founders to Receive 2002 Biotechnology Heritage Award Walter Gilbert and Phillip Sharp Will Be Honored at the BIO 2002 International Convention and Exhibition, Toronto PHILADELPHIA, PA—June 3, 2002— The Chemical Heritage Foundation (CHF) and the Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO) will present the 2002 Biotechnology Heritage Award to Walter Gilbert and Phillip A. Sharp. Sharp and Gilbert are among the founders of Biogen, a pioneer company in biotechnology. In addition to fostering Biogen, both men went on to win Nobel prizes. David E. Robinson, chairman, president and CEO of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated will present the award at the plenary breakfast session of the BIO 2002 International Convention and Exhibition in Toronto on Wednesday, June 12. More than 2,000 are expected to attend the award presentation including current Biogen President and CEO James C. Mullen and other global leaders in biotechnology. “Biogen was one of the first companies to move biotechnology from the laboratory to the marketplace,” said Arnold Thackray, president of CHF. “Gilbert and Sharp are men of vision, seeing both the commercial possibilities in biotechnology and also advancing the frontiers of science.”

79. Sharp, Phillip A. -- Encyclopædia Britannica Online Article in full phillip Allen sharp American molecular biologist, awarded the 1993 NobelPrize for Physiology or Medicine, along with Richard J. Roberts , for his http://search.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=68899&tocid=0&query=phillip noyce&ct=

80. Nobel Prize For Medicine nobel Prize for Medicine Name, Year, The Work. ROBERTS, RICHARD J., Great BritainSHARP, phillip A., USA, 1993, for their discoveries of split genes . http://www.planet101.com/nobel_medicine.htm

Nobel Prize for Medicine Name Year The Work Leland H. Hartwell , USA R. Timothy (Tim) Hunt , Great Britain Sir Paul M. Nurse , Great Britain for their discoveries of key regulators of the cell cycle" Arvid Carlsson, Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel signal transduction in the nervous system Günter Blobel , USA (born Germany) "proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell" Robert F Furchgott , USA Louis J Ignarro Ferid Murad "nitric oxide as a signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system" PRUSINER, STANLEY B., U.S.A "for his discovery of Prions - a new biological principle of infection" DOHERTY, PETER C., Australia ZINKERNAGEL, ROLF M., Switzerland "for their discoveries concering the specificity of the cell mediated immune defence" LEWIS, EDWARD B., U.S.A NÜSSLEIN-VOLHARD, CHRISTIANE, Germany WIESCHAUS, ERIC F., U.S.A. "for their discoveries concerning the genetic control of early embryonic development" GILMAN, ALFRED G., U.S.A

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