81. MONTHLY NEWS - November 2000: Dr. Shirakawa Of Japan Awarded Nobel Prize For Che The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on October 12 announced the awarding of theNobel Prize for Chemistry to hideki shirakawa of Japan and two Americans for http://www.jinjapan.org/kidsweb/news/00-11/shirakawa.html

MONTHLY NEWS November 2000 Dr. Shirakawa of Japan Awarded Nobel Prize for Chemistry T he Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on October 12 announced the awarding of the Nobel Prize for Chemistry to Hideki Shirakawa of Japan and two Americans for their "revolutionary discovery" that plastic can be made electrically conductive. S hirakawa, 64, a professor emeritus at the University of Tsukuba , was chosen the Nobel laureates along with Alan J. Heeger, 64, of the University of California at Santa Barbara, and Alan G. MacDiarmid, 73, of the University of Pennsylvania. The three researchers will share the prize money of 9 million Swedish kronor (about 100 million yen). T he academy, according to the citation, named them for the "discovery and development of conductive polymers" that are now in use in such things as antistatic substances for photographic film, computer screen shields, and small television and cell phone display monitors, reversing the conventional belief that plastics, unlike metals, cannot conduct electricity. S hirakawa is the ninth Japanese Nobel laureate and the second to receive the prize for chemistry after Kenichi Fukui in 1981. The son of a practicing doctor in Gifu Prefecture, central Japan, Shirakawa liked science most among school subjects and got high marks in it. "I was interested in how to make various kinds of plastics" that found their way into people's daily life in the postwar period, he said.

82. Nobel Prize In Chemistry Given To Dr. Shirakawa, Professor Emeritus Of Universit SourceSTA TODAY November 2000). nobel Prize Winner, Emeritus ProfessorHideki shirakawa of the Tsukuba University. Top of this page. http://www.mext.go.jp/english/news/2000/10/001050.htm

Press Releases Nobel Prize in Chemistry Given to Dr. Shirakawa, Professor Emeritus of University of Tsukuba Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced, on October 10 2000, that this year's Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry is Dr. Hideki Shirakawa (age 64) of Prof. Emer. of University of Tsukuba. Joint receipients were Prof. Alan Heeger at University of California, Santa Barbara, U.S.A., and Prof. Alan MacDiarmid at University of Pennsylvania, U.S.A. They are rewarded "for the discovery and development of electrically conductive polymers". Dr. Shirakawa et al. first succeeded in the world to give electroconductivity to a plastic which usually does not transmit electricity, by chemically processing the film of the plastic called polyacetylene in 1970s. Mr. Oshima, Minister of Education and Minister of STA, expressed on October 10 his opinion applauding the remarkable achievements of Dr. Shirakawa. Dr. Shirakawa was the 9th Japanese Nobel Prize laureate following Mr. Kenzaburo Oe who won in literature in 1994, and the 2nd in chemistry following Mr. Ken-ichi Fukui (deceased) in 1981. (For further information, please contact the Research Division, Science and Technology Policy Bureau, STA; phone: 03-3581-0707)

83. Nobel Deeds Prior to Koshiba and Tanaka, Dr. Noyori Ryoji and Dr. shirakawa Hidekiwon the nobel Prize for Chemistry in 2001 and 2000, respectively. http://www.lookjapan.com/LBst/03AprST.htm

THIS MONTH'S ISSUE ABOUT US LINKS ASK THE EDITOR ... HOME Cover Story (Nov. 1996-) (Jan. 1997-) (Apr. 1998-) (Dec. 1996-) Opinion (Mar. 1998-) Advanced Se arch JAPANESE April 2003 Sci-Tech Feature Nobel Deeds The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences again recognized Japanese scientists in 2002 with the award of Nobel Prizes in Physics and Chemistry to Dr. Koshiba Masatoshi and Tanaka Koichi. Nakamura Masami reviews the history of Japanese success in the Nobel science prize areas and looks closely at the work of the two Japanese recipients in 2002. Table 1: Japanese Nobel Laureates (Natural Science Fields) Table 2: The Number of Laureates in Natural Science Fields Source: Center for Interdisciplinary Research, Tohoku University TWO Japanese scientists, Dr. Koshiba Masatoshi (physics) and Tanaka Koichi (chemistry) were among the Nobel laureates for 2002. It was the first time that two Japanese were among the Nobel winners in the same year, and it was the third consecutive year in which a Japanese had won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

84. Hideki Shirakawa Translate this page hideki shirakawa. shirakawa é o segundo japonês a receber o Nobelde química (Reuters). Quarta, 11 de outubro de 2000, 14h33min http://www.terra.com.br/mundo/2000/10/11/082.htm

MUNDO Notícias Mundo Brasil Economia ... Revistas INDICADORES Outros indicadores BOLSA DE VALORES Bolsas BASTIDORES Claudio Humberto JORNAIS DA REDE Manchetes do dia escolha a cidade Brasil - Sul - Curitiba Porto Alegre - Sudeste - Belo Horizonte Rio de Janeiro - Centro-Oeste - Campo Grande - Nordeste - Fortaleza Natal Recife Salvador Teresina - Norte - Manaus Buenos Aires Santiago - Estados Unidos - Boston Chicago Miami Nova York Orlando San Francisco Washington - Europa - Barcelona Lisboa Londres Madri Paris Roma Outras cidades Agenda Cotação de Automóveis Empregos Loterias ... Imposto de Renda BUSCA Busca em notícias Busca na Internet Hideki Shirakawa Shirakawa é o segundo japonês a receber o Nobel de química (Reuters) Quarta, 11 de outubro de 2000, 14h33min Hideko Shirakawa, de 64 anos, nascido em 1936 em Tóquio, é professor de química no Instituto de Ciências dos Materiais da Universidade de Tsukuba (Japão). Esta é a 91ª vez que o Nobel de Química é atribuido. Trata-se da segunda vez que um japonês recebe este prêmio. O primeiro foi recebido em 1981 por Kenichi Fukui, que o compartilhou com o americano Roald Hoffmann. Volte para o especial Prêmio Nobel Redação Terra/AFP Volta Terra Networks, S.A.

85. Premios Nobel 2000 De Física Y Química Translate this page Los estadounidenses Alan Heeger y Alan McDiarmid, y el japonés hideki Shirakawafueron galardonados ayer con el Premio nobel de Química por el descubrimiento http://www.cnea.gov.ar/isabato/cienciamat/PremiosNobel.html

86. Dirigible Translate this page Los estadounidenses Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid y al japonés hideki Shirakawalograron el nobel de Química por la investigación y creación de los http://dirigible.tercera.cl/2001/02/18/pag11.htm

Encuesta Foro Preguntas Archivo ... Archivo www.dirigible.cl / e-mail: dirigible@copesa.cl Derechos reservados COPESA Este sitio es parte de la red Terra Networks Chile S.A.

87. Terra - Notícias Translate this page PRÊMIO nobel. ENQUETE. Por que o Brasil nunca ganha um Prêmio nobel?A academia sueca é uma panelinha 10.1 % - 1862 votos Os cientistas http://www.terra.com.br/noticias/mundo/nobel.htm

88. International: Italiano: Scienze: Chimica: Chimici_e_Ricercatori: Shirakawa,_Hid Translate this page In tutta la Directory. http://open-site.org/International/Italiano/Scienze/Chimica/Chimici_e_Ricercator

Open Site The Open Encyclopedia Project Pagina Principale Aggiungi Contenuti Diventa Editore In tutta la Directory Solo in Chimici_e_Ricercatori/Shirakawa,_Hideki Top International Italiano Scienze ... Chimici e Ricercatori : Shirakawa, Hideki Vedi anche: International: Italiano: Societ : Strutture Sociali: Persone: Biografie: Premio Nobel Questa Categoria ha bisogno di un Editore - Richiedila Open Site Code 0.4.1 modifica

89. Ôá âñáâåßá Nobel 2000 ãéá ôç ÖõóéêÞ êáé ôç ×çìåßá The summary for this Greek page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.physics4u.gr/articles/nobel2000.html

Ôá âñáâåßá Nobel 2000 ãéá ôç ÖõóéêÞ êáé ôç ×çìåßá Ôï âñáâåßï Nobel ÖõóéêÞò 2000 ÁñéóôåñÜ ï Herbert Kroemer, ãåííÞèçêå óôç åñìáíßá ðñéí áðü 72 Ýôç, áëëÜ åñãÜæåôáé ôþñá óôï ÐáíåðéóôÞìéï ôçò Êáëéöüñíéáò, Santa Barbara. Êáôüñèùóå íá öôéÜîåé çìéáãùãïýò áðü ìßãìáôá äéáöüñùí óôïé÷åßùí üðùò áñóåíéêïý÷ï ßíäéï, áíôéìïíéïý÷ï ãÜëëéï, áíôéìïíéïý÷ï áñãßëéï ðïõ ïíïìÜóôçêáí åôåñïôñáíæßóôïñ. Ïé çìéáãùãïß áõôïß äïõëåýïõí óå ðïëý õøçëÝò óõ÷íüôçôåò ðïõ ÷ñçóéìåýïõí ãéá åöáñìïãÝò óå äïñõöïñéêÝò åðéêïéíùíßåò Þ êáé óå åöáñìïãÝò laser. Ôþñá åñãÜæåôáé óôï ÷þñï ôçò õðåñáãùãéìüôçôáò ôùí çìéáãùãþí. ÄçëáäÞ óå ÷áìçëÝò èåñìïêñáóßåò íá ñÝåé ôï ñåýìá ÷ùñßò óçìáíôéêÝò áíôéóôÜóåéò. Ï åéêïíéæüìåíïò Jack Kilby, Áìåñéêáíüò 77 åôþí, åßíáé ìéá áðü ôéò êïñõöáßååò ðñïóùðéêüôçôåò óôï ÷þñï ôçò åöçñìïóìÝíçò ÖõóéêÞò. Áðü ôï 1947 äïõëåýåé óôïõò çìéáãùãïýò êáé óôá chip óôá åñãáóôÞñéá ôçò Texas Instruments óôï Dallas ôùí ÇÐÁ. ÊáèçãçôÞò óôï ÐáíåðéóôÞìéï ôïõ Texas áðü ôï 1978-1984. Åßíáé êÜôï÷ïò 60 êáôï÷õñùìÝíùí åöåýñåóåùí. Ôï âñáâåßï ðïõ ðÞñå áöïñÜ ôç êáôáóêåõÞ ìéêñï-chips ðïõ ÷ñåéÜæïíôáé ãéá ôçí êáôáóêåõÞ computers êáé üëùí ôùí çëåêôñïíéêþí äéáôÜîåùí. Ï åéêïíéæüìåíïò Zhores Ivanovich ALFEROV ãåííÞèçêå óôçí Ëåõêïñùóßá ôï 1930. Áðüöïéôïò ôïõ ôìÞìáôïò ôùí Çëåêôñïíéêþí, ôçò Ðåôñïýðïëçò. Áðü ôï 1953 åßíáé ìÝëïò ôïõ åðéóôçìïíéêïý Öõóéêï-Ôå÷íéêïý Éíóôéôïýôïõ Ioffe. Å÷åé 300 äçìïóéåõìÝíåò åñãáóßåò, 50 åõñåóéôå÷íßåò êáé èåùñåßôáé üðùò êáé ïé äýï Üëëïé, êïñõöáßïò óôïí ôïìÝá ôùí çìéáãùãþí. Åßíáé äéäÜêôïñáò óôçí ÖõóéêÞ êáé ôá ÌáèçìáôéêÜ. Áðü ôï 1962 åñãÜæåôáé óôï ðåäßï ôùí åôåñïäïìþí ÉÉÉ-V çìéáãùãþí. ÂñáâåõìÝíïò ìå ðëÞèïò ôéìçôéêþí äéáêñßóåùí åßíáé óõããñáöÝáò ôñéþí åðéóôçìïíéêþí âéâëßùí.

90. Nobel Focus: Electricity Through Plastic The chemistry nobel Prize this year went to Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, and HidekiShirakawa for the discovery and development of electrically conductive http://focus.aps.org/story/v6/st18/

Previous Story Next Story July - December 2000 Archive Phys. Rev. Lett. (print issue of 24 October ) 24 October 2000 Title and Authors Nobel Focus: Electricity through Plastic Philips Research Bending the rules. This flexible electronic circuit works even when bent. The 2000 chemistry Nobel Prize recognized the discovery of conducting polymers, which made plastic electronics possible. The chemistry Nobel Prize this year went to Alan Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, and Hideki Shirakawa "for the discovery and development of electrically conductive polymers." The laureates first described the details of their discovery in PRL in 1977, 23 year ago today. At the time, plastics were considered nonconductors, but the team showed that adding some impurities to a polymer material could increase its conductivity by more than a billion times. Their work led to the field of plastic electronics, which has resulted in several commercial applications. But they also helped to spur new areas of fundamental research in condensed matter physics by demonstrating some exotic polymer properties, such as charge carriers that, unlike electrons, have zero spin. Plastics are so dependable as insulators (materials that don't conduct electricity) that they are often used for the protective coatings around wires. By the 1970s chemists had worked with some small organic molecules that could conduct, but a conducting, carbon-based, long-chain molecule was something "no one had really contemplated," recalls Richard Friend of the University of Cambridge in the UK. Polymers were known to be far cheaper to process than conventional electronics materials, which is one reason the results had "a huge impact," says Friend.

91. Nobel-díj, 2000 2000 kémiai nobeldíjasai, Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid, HidekiShirakawa. A díjat a vezetõ polimerek felfedezéséért és http://www.kfki.hu/~cheminfo/hun/olvaso/nobel00/nobel00.html

Alan J. Heeger Alan G. MacDiarmid Hideki Shirakawa S/m). x p Al/Ti(OPr) -t, majd Et o o cisz o transz cisz S/m, a transz S/m volt. x x transz cisz/transz cisz- transz- -dal 10 [CH] n + 3x/2 I —> [CH] n x+ +xI [CH] n + xNa —> [CH] n x– +xNa - vagy a Na cisz transz http://www.nobel.se/announcement/2000/cheminfoen.html polianilin polipirrol The Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 2000: Conductive polymers (Advanced Information) Cikkek http://www.kfki.hu/chemonet/

92. A Díjat Nem Lehet Háromnál Több Személy Között Szétosztani A 2000. évi kémiai nobeldíjat Alan J. Heeger, Alan G. MacDiarmid és HidekiShirakawa kapta a vezetõ polimerek felfedezéséért és kidolgozásáért. http://www.kfki.hu/~cheminfo/hun/teazo/interju/elte/inzelt.html

Chandrasekhar x Encyclopedia of Electrochemistry *“Mechanism of charge transport in polymer modified electrodes”, Electroanalytical Chemistry , ed. A.J. Bard, Vol. 18., M. Dekker, New York, 1993. http://www.kfki.hu/chemonet/

93. Box 2 The image of the Japanese as unoriginal is unfounded, he says. AP. HidekiShirakawa receiving his chemistry nobel last year. Nevertheless http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v413/n6856/box/413560a0_bx2.html

Close this window to return to the previous window Box 2 Japan seeks a record haul In December 2000, as part of its Science and Technology Basic Plan, the Japanese government set its scientists an ambitious goal: 30 Nobel prizes in the next 50 years. This would mean a fivefold increase in the success rate experienced over the past half-century. But the plan has at least sparked a debate on why Japanese scientists are so poorly represented in the ranks of Nobel laureates. Some Japanese scientists argue that the problem is a fundamental lack of creativity, stemming from an educational and social system that promotes rote learning and conformity. But James Bartholomew, a historian of Japanese science at Ohio State University in Columbus, rejects this self-deprecating stereotype. "The image of the Japanese as unoriginal is unfounded," he says. AP Hideki Shirakawa receiving his chemistry Nobel last year. Nevertheless, many researchers believe that Japan's academic ' koza ' system, which places immense power in the hands of university professors and limits the freedom of younger investigators to set their own research agendas, has a stifling effect. "Everyone in our lab had to do projects dictated by our professor," says one molecular biologist, now in the United States. "But we each had our own 'shadow projects', which we could only work on when he was not around." Hideki Shirakawa of the University of Tsukuba, who shared last year's chemistry Nobel for his work on electrically conducting organic polymers, argues that improving the situation may require changes to the laws that govern Japan's public university system. "Younger scientists have a very restricted range at universities," he says. "They have no chance to change supervisors unless they go abroad."

94. Nobel Prize For Chemistry Announced STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) Americans Alan J. Heeger and Alan G. MacDiarmid and HidekiShirakawa of Japan won the nobel Prize in chemistry Tuesday for their http://www.americanplasticscouncil.org/apcorg/newsroom/articles/nobel_prize.html

Nobel Prize for Chemistry Announced By Kim Gamel Associated Press Writer This article is courtesy of the Associated Press. Reprinted with permission of The Associated Press, 2000. STOCKHOLM, Sweden (AP) - Americans Alan J. Heeger and Alan G. MacDiarmid and Hideki Shirakawa of Japan won the Nobel Prize in chemistry Tuesday for their discoveries that plastic can be made electrically conductive - an advance that has led to improvements in film, TV screens and windows. The laureates will share the $915,000 prize for the "discovery and development of conductive polymers," according to the citation by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Heeger, 64, of the University of California at Santa Barbara, MacDiarmid, 73, of the University of Pennsylvania and Shirakawa, 64, of the University of Tsukuba learned that plastics can, with modifications, be made to conduct electricity as well as insulate. The three developed conductive polymers that have been used to reduce static electricity and interference on photographic film and computer screens. The plastics have also been used in the development of new color television screens and "smart windows" that reflect sunlight.

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