41. Calculus History The main ideas of calculus developed over a very long period of time. Read about some of the mathematici Category Kids and Teens School Time Math calculus......A history of the calculus. The main ideas which underpin the calculusdeveloped over a very long period of time indeed. The first http://www-gap.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/HistTopics/The_rise_of_calculus.html

A history of the calculus Analysis index History Topics Index The main ideas which underpin the calculus developed over a very long period of time indeed. The first steps were taken by Greek mathematicians. To the Greeks numbers were ratios of integers so the number line had "holes" in it. They got round this difficulty by using lengths, areas and volumes in addition to numbers for, to the Greeks, not all lengths were numbers. Zeno of Elea , about 450 BC, gave a number of problems which were based on the infinite. For example he argued that motion is impossible:- If a body moves from A to B then before it reaches B it passes through the mid-point, say B of AB . Now to move to B it must first reach the mid-point B of AB . Continue this argument to see that A must move through an infinite number of distances and so cannot move. Leucippus Democritus and Antiphon all made contributions to the Greek method of exhaustion which was put on a scientific basis by Eudoxus about 370 BC. The method of exhaustion is so called because one thinks of the areas measured expanding so that they account for more and more of the required area.

42. Calc101.com Automatic Calculus And Polynomials Check calculus homework. Enter a function and click for a stepby-step derivative or integral with Category Science Math calculus......Check your calculus homework! Enter your function to get your calculus derivativeor integral with each step explained, automatically and fast. http://www.calc101.com/

Automatic Calculus Derivatives and Integrals You've come to the right place for calculus solutions! Day or night, from anywhere, you can get calculus problems solved in seconds, automatically. You get all the steps explained in plain English, just like textbook examples. You see it all in standard mathematics notation, just like your teacher at the blackboard. Get unstuck fast! Do any first or second derivative step-by-step for free; no password is needed. Get the answer to practically any freshman indefinite integral for free. Get all the steps for indefinite integrals for a few cents each. Algebra, too: long multiplication and division of polynomials are free. Boost your algebra and calculus grades! Check your mathematics homework, study for quizzes, and review for exams. Get as many fully worked-out examples as you need. For word problems from textbooks... www.hotmath.org FAQs legal info@calc101.com ... Passwords live , step-by-step math! long multiplication long division derivatives integrals dead derivatives product rule quotient rule chain rule dead integrals substitution integration by parts trig powers trig products ... deriving reduction formulas

43. Interactive Learning In Calculus And Differential Equations With Applications A classroom learning environment based on Mathematics notebooks.Category Science Math calculus......Interactive Learning in calculus and Differential Equations with Applications.Click on this picture for a description of how it was generated. http://www.ma.iup.edu/projects/CalcDEMma/Summary.html

Interactive Learning in Calculus and Differential Equations with Applications Click on this picture for a description of how it was generated. The Mathematics Department at Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) established a computerized learning environment, consisting of a classroom with 31 Macintosh Centris 650s and a laboratory with 12 Macintosh LCs, all equipped with Mathematica . Mathematica's notebook feature enables science students to actively learn calculus and differential equations with guided discovery and exploration. The project was funded through a National Science Foundation Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement grant, number DUE-9351896. IUP's project has several significant attributes. The Mathematics Department is fully implementing this curriculum in all sections of its science calculus sequence and in the two-semester differential equations sequence. Eleven faculty, comprising approximately one third of IUP's mathematics faculty, are coinvestigators. The curricular revisions are being coordinated with the science departments at IUP, who are also integrating active learning and technology in their courses. This collaboration, based on common pedagogical goals and software, will bring more scientific applications into mathematics courses and strengthen the use of mathematics in science courses. All students in the Mathematics Department are involved. Mathematics and Applied Mathematics majors are required to take Differential Equations, and Mathematics Education majors have a unit devoted to the project in the teacher preparation course, Computers and Calculators in Secondary Mathematics.

44. The Coq Proof Assistant Allows the user to handle calculus assertions, to check mechanically proofs of these assertions, helps to find formal proofs, extracts a certified program from the constructive proof of its formal specification. http://coq.inria.fr/

45. I Love Calculus Okay, I admit it. I LOVE. calculus! AND. It's Fun,. AND. It's a Challenge.calculus LINKS So Hot they'll Make Your T-1 Line Sizzle. http://math.rice.edu/~lanius/misc/calcu.html

Okay, I admit it. I LOVE Calculus! IT'S AND It's Fun, AND It's a Challenge. Calculus LINKS- So Hot they'll Make Your T-1 Line Sizzle Volume Functions A Maximization Problem Calc 101 Automatic Calculus Solutions From Kentridge High School Interactive Calculus - Teachers can write Ron Larson odx@psu.edu for a free subscription. AP Calculus from the College Board Physics and Calculus Problems of the Week Finite Mathematics and Applied Calculus Resource Page Alvirne HS Problem of the Week A gold mine of current and archived problems Visual Calculus Dave Slomer's Calcu Page The Rental Car Problem from CCP Mr. Calculus The rise of calculus For the history buffs among us www.calculus.net AP Calculus on the Web from Sandy Ray First Semester Calculus The Continuity-Differentiability Issue The Calculus Hater's Homepage The other side heard from (poor fellow) Karl's Calculus Tutor Lots of information AP Distance-Learning Project Dr. Papa's Course at Rice U. complete with exams Integral Calc Exam from U of Pitt Differentiation Problems from U of Pitt Integration Problems Same Place CalculusQuest Learning Calculus A How-To-Be-Successful List of Tips The MATHMAN Something about teaching Calculus to 7 year olds Dr. Sloane's Calculus 1

46. Shreve Notes in probability theory prepared by Prasad Chalasani and Somesh Jha, with a strong bias towards financial modeling and option pricing. http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~chal/shreve.html

Steven Shreve 's Lectures on Stochastic Calculus and Finance Prepared by Prasad Chalasani and Somesh Jha New Risk Waters Course: Stochastic Calculus for Derivatives: Frankfurt/London/New York, March 2003 In the table of contents below, click on a chapter name to down-load that chapter (Postscript). You may also down-load/view the entire document (364 pages) in Postscript or PDF format. If the links don't work, try re-loading this page. PC/Mac Users: You may need to download a Postscript viewer or a PDF viewer to view these notes. FastCounter by LinkExchange Table of contents Probability Theory Binomial asset pricing Finite probability spaces Lebesgue measure, lebesgue integral General probability spaces Independence Conditional Expectation Binomial model for stock prices Information Conditional expectation Martingales Arbitrage Pricing Binomial pricing General one-step APT Risk-neutral probability measure, portfolio process Simple European derivative securities Completeness of binomial model Markov Property Binomial model pricing and hedging Computational issues Markov processes Showing that a process is Markov Applications to exotic options Stopping times, American Options

47. Index The 2001 LMS Lectures by Thomas Goodwillie. University of Aberdeen, Scotland; 1823 June 2001. http://maths.abdn.ac.uk/~lmslec/

LONDON MATHEMATICAL SOCIETY INVITED LECTURE SERIES Calculus of Functors THOMAS GOODWILLIE 18 - 23 JUNE 2001 Research Centre in Topology and Related Areas Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Aberdeen The 2001 LMS Lectures will be given in Aberdeen. This series is held annually: a single speaker gives a course of about 10 expository lectures, examining an important topic in depth, over a five day period. In the 2001 program in Aberdeen there will be two lectures every morning. An associated afternoon programme will be arranged by G. Arone and M. Weiss. The lecture notes will be published in one of the LMS venues. All mathematicians interested in the topic are welcome to attend the lectures. Limited funds are available to support participants. Priority for financial support will be given to research students and mathematicians who would benefit from attending the lectures, but who would otherwise be prevented from attending by financial constraints. For details on financial support and an application form, please see the link below. Interested participants are also encouraged to attend the International Conference in Algebraic Topology which will take place on the Isle of Skye , the week after this lecture series (June 24 - 30 2001). The theme of the conference is Categorical Decomposition Techniques, in which calculus of functors play an important role. The organizers will attempt to reduce registration fees for those who plan to attend both meetings. Details will appear at a later date. The lecture series registration fee will be waived for doctoral students.

48. Www.ihatecalculus.com calculus a bane to millions of students.Category Recreation Humor Science Mathematics......Click here for http//www.tetrakatus.com/logic/ihatecalculus. http://www.ihatecalculus.com/

Click here for http://www.tetrakatus.com/logic/ihatecalculus

49. Toolkit The MathServ calculus Toolkit. A short introduction to the MathServsystem can be found here. Several tools are available to perform http://mss.math.vanderbilt.edu/~pscrooke/toolkit.html

The MathServ Calculus Toolkit A short introduction to the MathServ system can be found here Several tools are available to perform specialized calculations e.g. find the equation of the tangent line to the graph of a function at a particular point. Listed below are catagories for the various tools. Algebra Functions Graphing Applications of the Derivative ... Integrals The page was last revised on March 7, 2002.

50. Geometric Calculus Research And Development Includes a brief introduction, articles and book chapters on the subject, as well as references to further information. http://modelingnts.la.asu.edu/GC_R&D.html

51. Calculus On The Web Welcome to calculus on the Web. COW has moved to a new host. calculus onthe Web is partially supported by the National Science Foundation. http://fourier.math.temple.edu/cgi-bin/manager

Welcome to Calculus on the Web COW has moved to a new host. Please change your bookmark to http://www.math.temple.edu/~cow our stable entry point. Click here to continue on to COW... Calculus on the Web is partially supported by the National Science Foundation A project of Gerardo Mendoza and Dan Reich Temple University

52. Lee Lady: Topics In Calculus A set of downloadable lectures.Category Science Math Lecture Notes and Learning Material......Topics in calculus. Professor Lee Lady. University of Hawaii. Some Materials forcalculus. A lot of the files listed below are in PDF (Adobe Acrobat) format. http://www.math.hawaii.edu/~lee/calculus/

Topics in Calculus Professor Lee Lady University of Hawaii A Conceptual Approach to Applications of Integration Max-min Problems ... Review Problems for Differential Equations In my opinion, calculus is one of the major intellectual achievements of Western civilization - in fact of world civilization. Certainly it has had much more impact in shaping our world today than most of the works commonly included in a Western Civilization course books such as Descartes's Discourse on Method or The Prince by Machiavelli. But at most universities, we have taken this magnificent accomplishment of the human intellect and turned it into a boring course. Sawyer's little book What Is Calculus About? (Another book in the same vein, but more recent, is The Hitchhiker's Guide to Calculus by Michael Spivak.) For many of us mathematicians, calculus is far removed from what we see as interesting and important mathematics. It certainly has no obvious relevance to any of my own research, and if it weren't for the fact that I teach it, I would long ago have forgotten all the calculus I ever learned. But we should remember that calculus is not a mere ``service course.'' For students, calculus is the gateway to further mathematics. And aside from our obligation as faculty to make all our courses interesting, we should remember that if calculus doesn't seem like an interesting and worthwhile subject to students, then they are unlikely to see mathematics as an attractive subject to pursue further.

53. ESAIM Control, Optimisation And Calculus Of Variations Part of European Series in Applied and Industrial Mathematics. Full text from vol.1 (1995). http://www.edpsciences.com/cocv/

54. Bob Knows His Calculus Contains pictures, fan fiction, biographies, a voting booth, and news. http://www.angelfire.com/ca3/jensync

frames version non-frames version frames version non-frames version

55. Calculus And Probability calculus Applied to Probability and Statistics for Liberal Arts andBusiness Majors. Scout Report Selection. A Complete Text Resource http://www.hofstra.edu/~matscw/cprob/cprobintro.html

Calculus Applied to Probability and Statistics for Liberal Arts and Business Majors A Complete Text Resource on the World Wide Web by Stefan Waner and Steven R. Costenoble Table of Contents 1. Continuous Random Variables and Histograms Exercises 2. Probability Density Functions: Uniform, Exponential, Normal, and Beta Exercises 3. Mean, Median, Variance and Standard Deviation Exercises 4. You're the Expert Creating a Family Trust Back to Main Page Introduction Y ou are a financial planning consultant at a neighborhood bank. A 22-year-old client asks you the following question: "I would like to set up my own insurance policy by opening a trust account into which I can make monthly payments starting now, so that upon my death or my ninety-fifth birthday - whichever comes sooner - the trust can be expected to be worth $500,000. How much should I invest each month?" Assuming a 5% rate of return on investments, how should you respond? To answer the question on the previous page, we must know something about the probability of the client's dying at various ages. There are so many possible ages to consider (particularly since we should consider the possibilities month by month) that it would be easier to treat his age at death as a continuous variable, one that can take on any real value (between 22 and 95 in this case). The mathematics needed to do probability and statistics with continuous variables is calculus. The material on statistics in this resource will be readily accessible to you if you are familar with derivatives and integrals (through Chapter 6 of

56. Grossmann A brief biography on Marcel Grossmann, a classmate of Einstein who was the first to find a connection between tensor calculus and the theory of relativity. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Grossmann.html

Marcel Grossmann Born: 9 April 1878 in Budapest, Hungary Died: 7 Sept 1936 in Zurich, Switzerland Click the picture above to see a larger version Show birthplace location Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index Marcel Grossmann attended school in Basel then studied mathematics at Zurich. In 1900 he became an assistant to the geometer W Fiedler in Zurich. Grossmann was a classmate of Einstein Einstein turned to him for help with the mathematical formulation of the theory of general relativity. Grossmann discovered the relevance of the tensor calculus of Christoffel Ricci-Curbastro and Levi-Civita to relativity. Article by: J J O'Connor and E F Robertson Click on this link to see a list of the Glossary entries for this page List of References (2 books/articles) Mathematicians born in the same country Cross-references to History Topics General relativity Previous (Chronologically) Next Biographies Index Previous (Alphabetically) Next Main index History Topics Societies, honours, etc. ... Anniversaries for the year JOC/EFR December 1996 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of St Andrews, Scotland

57. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries calculus Limits. Elementary Limits Arithmetic Manipulation of LimitsLimits of Polynomials and Rational Functions Infinite Limits http://library.thinkquest.org/10030/calcucon.htm

Welcome to the ThinkQuest Internet Challenge of Entries The web site you have requested, Seeing is Believing , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Seeing is Believing click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... Seeing is Believing click here to view this site A ThinkQuest Internet Challenge 1997 Entry Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption Need a primer on math, science, technology, education, or art, or just looking for a new Internet search engine? This catch-all site covers them all. Maybe you're doing your homework and need to quickly look up a basic term? Here you'll find a brief yet concise reference source for all these topics. And if you're still not sure what's here, use the search feature to scan the entire site for your topic. Students Peter Oakhill College, Castle Hill Australia Suranthe H Oakhill College Australia Coaches Tina Oakhill College, Castle Hill

58. Table Of Contents These notes constitute a general, noncalculus introductory physics course. They are based on lectures given through the IUN/FYDE distance education program of the University of Winnipeg, which provides access to university level courses for communities outside of Winnipeg http://theory.uwinnipeg.ca/physics/index.html

IUN/FYDE Introductory Physics Notes These notes constitute a general, non-calculus introductory physics course. They are based on lectures given through the IUN/FYDE distance education program of the University of Winnipeg , which provides access to university level courses for communities outside of Winnipeg. The material covered comprises the introductory course Physics 1301 offered at the University. Table of Contents Introduction One Dimensional Motion Two Dimensional Motion Force ... Nuclear Physics This index can be searched by keywords Also available are some Java applets , by Sergey Kiselev and Tanya Yanovsky-Kiselev , illustrating some of these topics. Comments, corrections, and suggestions are welcome to any of the authors: Ian Burley Meg Carrington Randy Kobes Gabor Kunstatter This document was generated using the LaTeX HTML Nikos Drakos , Computer Based Learning Unit, University of Leeds. Up to the Theory Home Page

59. Math Forum: Calculus The best Internet resources for calculus classroom materials, software, Internetprojects, and public forums for discussion. calculus. Back to Math by Subject http://mathforum.org/calculus/calculus.html

Calculus Back to Math by Subject Math by Subject K12 Topics algebra arithmetic calculus discrete math geometry pre-calculus prob/stat Advanced Topics analysis calculus diff. equations game theory discrete math geometry (coll.) geometry (adv.) linear algebra modern algebra num. analysis Internet Calculus Resources See also Single-variable Calculus and Multi-variable Calculus in the Math Forum's Internet Mathematics Library. Classroom materials for teachers and students Selected calculus Internet resources for the classroom, including activities and interactive resources. Software for calculus Publicly available software and publishers online. Internet projects Activities for students and lovers of calculus. Public forums for discussing calculus Mailing lists and newsgroups sponsored by the Forum and others where mathematicians,teachers, and students trade ideas about calculus. Suggestion Box Home The Math Library Help Desk ... Search http://mathforum.org/ webmaster@mathforum.org

60. Peter Sewell University of Cambridge Secure encapsulation, pi-calculus, mobile agents, operational semantics, locality typing. http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/users/pes20/

Peter Sewell Royal Society University Research Fellow Computer Laboratory University of Cambridge Here are my contact details , and a picture Teaching I am a Fellow and Director of Studies at Wolfson college . The current draft supervision arrangements for 2002/2003 are summarised here Undergraduate and Diploma Project suggestions for 2002-2003. Concurrency, Pi, and Semantics for Distributed Systems (a PhD minicourse , October 2001). Jobs We are seeking a postdoctoral researcher in the foundations of distributed systems, see here Research My research is mainly on the foundations of distributed programming, looking at problems of distributed infrastructure, security, failure, and modularity in the context of language design, implementation and semantics. This work builds on operational semantics, process calculi (especially various pi calculi) and type systems. I also study these in their own right, and have looked at the semantics of hardware models. Work on distributed infrastructure for mobile systems is also described on the Nomadic Pict page; work on semantics for network programming is also described on the

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