21. M37.htm Phylum echinodermata. Crinoid (sea lily ), from Pratt, 1923. The Echinoderms areamong the most obvious and colorful organisms of many temperate seashores. http://www.meer.org/M37.htm

MEER home Marine biology home Table of Contents Index ... Links Phylum Echinodermata Crinoid (sea lily ), from Pratt, 1923. The Echinoderms are among the most obvious and colorful organisms of many temperate seashores. Echinoderms are a very old group, dating from the early Cambrian , and are well represented in the fossil record. There are about 7,000 extant species of echinoderms , which can be divided into six classes: Crinoidea Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Echinoidea ... Concentricycloidea The Crinoidea , popularly known as Sea lilies and Feather stars, have the body oriented so that the mouth faces up. They may or may not have a stalk. There are about 625 living species of crinoids The Asteroidea (sea stars or starfish ) are among the more familiar forms to most people. The oral surface is typically ventral, they never have a stalk, and usually have multiple "arms" surrounding a central disk. there are about 1,500 living species of Asteroids Asteroid (sea star) Ophiuroid (brittle star), from Halstead (1965) The class Ophiuroidea includes about 2,000 living species of animals that are usually called

22. Echinodermata Innovations And Patents echinodermata Innovations and Patents © 2002, XQ23.COM Research (air.xq23.com) Moreinformation on echinodermata and echinodermata Research References. http://www.air.xq23.com/energy_science_resources/Echinodermata.html

Echinodermata Innovations and Patents © 2002, XQ23.COM Research (air.xq23.com) Who were the Great Minds Absolute Zero Acid Rain Acoelomates ... HOME KEY SITES: PRIME-RADIANT FUTURE'S EDGE Future Books Educational Priorities THE LUMINARIES SCIENCE FICTION ARCHIVES: FIRST PILLAR kurt vonnegut arthur c clarke david brin ... Dialysis More information on: Echinodermata and Echinodermata Research References. Recent U.S. patents related to Echinodermata: 6,262,029: Chemically modified saponins and the use thereof as adjuvants 6,203,827: Composition containing readily absorbable calcium and process for producing the same 6,080,725: Immunostimulating and vaccine compositions employing saponin analog adjuvants and uses thereof 6,051,386: Methods for identifying chemicals that act as agonists or antagonists for receptors and other proteins involved in signal transduction via pathways that utilize G-proteins 6,022,730: Methods for the isolation of bacteria containing eukaryotic genes 5,998,200: Anti-fouling methods using enzyme coatings 5,989,592: Inhibition of complement pathway by sea cucumber fractions

23. Phylum Echinodermata Phylum echinodermata Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum echinodermataUrchin image courtesy of Marine Biological Laboratory http://www.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb5/Labs/Classification_Lab/Eukarya/Animalia/

Phylum Echinodermata Domain Eukarya Kingdom Animalia Phylum Echinodermata Urchin image courtesy of Marine Biological Laboratory Phylum Echinodermata is the phylum most closely related to phylum Chordata, our own phylum. The 6,000 species that make up this phylum do not show body segmentation, and are radially symmetrical when fully grown for the most part. Almost all of the species are marine, although a few can live in brackish water. However, echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical in the larvae stage, meaning that they are not closely related to animals of phylum Cnidaria, which never show bilateral symmetry. Here is a list of the classes in the phylum Echinodermata. Click below to see the distinguishing characteristics of these classes. Phylum Echinodermata Subphylum Blastozoa Class Eocrinoidea (Cambrian - Silurian, 30-32 genera) Class Parablastoidea (Ordovician, 3 genera) Class Rhombifera = Cystoidea in part (Ordovician - Devonian, 60 genera) Class Diploporita = Cystoidea in part (Ordovician - Devonian, 42 genera) Class Blastoidea (Silurian - Permian, 95 genera)

24. Phylum Echinodermata Phylum echinodermata. Kingdom Anamalia / Phylum echinodermata The echinosperms arecharacterized by an internal skeleton (endoskeleton) with projecting spikes. http://www.sidwell.edu/sidwell.resources/bio/VirtualLB/classlab/animalia/19echin

Phylum Echinodermata Procedure Write a descriptive paragraph Include: Asteroidea Echinodea Hollothuroidea Results Classification Kingdom Anamalia / Phylum Echinodermata Virtual Lab Page Sidwell Biology Page Sidwell Resources Page Sidwell Friends School Home Page

25. Echinodermata echinodermata. Echinoderms cavity Phylum echinodermata echinoderms SubphylumCrinozoa - radially symmetric as ADULTS, with an upward mouth http://www.bio200.buffalo.edu/labs/echinoderms.html

Echinodermata Echinoderms are the closest relatives to Chordates. It may not seem so at first, but looking closely at embryological evidence, it is believed that chordates and echinoderms shared a common relative. This relative is believed to have been something along the lines of sea urchin - an orgasnism a bit larger than a golf ball with spines extending radially like the guy from Hellraiser. Interesting little creatures, they aren't especially intelligent. In fact, they don't do much of anything. Keep in mind that "close" is a relative term. New York and Sydney are close compared to the distance between the earth and Jupiter. It is all a matter of context. In evolution, the context is a matter of many millions of years. Classification of Echinoderms Kingdom Animalia - they're animals Subkingdom Eumetazoa - echinoderms have organs Branch Bilateria - in their early early stages, they all have bilateral symmetry. Grade Coelamata - they have body cavities Subgrade Enterocoela - the mesoderm pouches to form a true body cavity Phylum Echinodermata - echinoderms Subphylum Crinozoa - radially symmetric as ADULTS, with an upward mouth

26. Starfish & Related Animals (BMLSS) echinodermata. Starfishes, Sea Urchins, Sea Cucumbers and Related Invertebrates.echinodermata Greek echinos = sea urchin, derma = skin. http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/BMLSS/Starfish.htm

Echinodermata Starfishes, Sea Urchins, Sea Cucumbers and Related Invertebrates Echinodermata Greek echinos = sea urchin, derma = skin. Marine animals that are radially symmetrical (most species) and contain a unique water vascular system, and tube feet that are used for movement, respiration, protection (spines) and assist in the capture of food. The Echinodermata are exclusively marine, and most species are intolerant of immersion in low salinity water. One remarkable observation is that they are rarely settled on by barnacles, mussels and other fouling organisms. Cushion Star, Asterina gibbosa , with the Shore Urchin, Psammechinus miliaris Photograph by Robert Jones (Trowbridge) The Cushion Star is only found on the shore and in the seas to the south and west of the British Isles. The Purple-tipped Shore Urchin has a more widespread distribution but is not particularly common between the tides, although it seem to be known from most rocky coasts where it is usually found attached to the underside of rocks near the low spring tide mark. MASS MORTALITY OF THE HEART URCHIN,

27. Echinodermata: Cushion Stars (British Seas) echinodermata. CUSHION STARS. by Ron Barrett. Common Cushion Star.Asterina gibbosa. Rockpoolers who have visited the south and west http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/BMLSS/cushion.htm

Echinodermata CUSHION STARS by Ron Barrett Common Cushion Star Asterina gibbosa Rockpoolers who have visited the south and west shores of Britain will be familiar with this small pentagonal sea star with its green, orange or blue-grey livery. It is locally common on south-west, west and north-west coasts. Bionomics Asterina gibbosa is found from the lower shore down to 30 metres. It prefers the underside of stones, in fairly exposed locations, where there is some sand and gravel and abundant organic matter on which it feeds. Aquarium study has shown that this animal is also a carrion feeder, quickly homing in on any dead carcass, even another cushion star. Tank reared specimens do not, generally, stay out of sight as they do in the wild. This is due to the light intensity, the animal being highly sensitive to bright sunlight. Low light aquaria are easily tolerated. Reproduction This species will readily reproduce in an aquarium environment, even in the presence of predators. Usually in late May or early June groups of individuals will be seen clustering together, a sign that egg laying is imminent. This can happen anywhere in the tank and the eggs may even be shed straight into the water. They number up to 1000, have a diameter of 0.5 mm and are usually pale orange. If not consumed they hatch in about 20 days. The parent takes no part in the proceedings once the eggs are laid. Asterina gibbosa is a protandrous hermaphrodite. It matures as a male at about 2 years old before entering the female phase 2 years later at about 20 mm diameter. It lives for up to 7 years.

28. Echinodermata Lesson echinodermata Lesson. Spiny skinned animals with sac like digestivesystems. Echinoderms have been compared to living, moving castles. http://www.kent.k12.wa.us/staff/rlynch/sci_class/chap14/echinodermata.html

Echinodermata Lesson Spiny skinned animals with sac like digestive systems. Echinoderms have been compared to living, moving castles. Castles are made of interlocking blocks, with a single main entrance and numerous slit windows for air and for defense. Echinoderm skeletons are made up of interlocking calcium carbonate plates and spines. This skeleton is enclosed by the epidermis and is thus an endoskeleton. In some, such as sea urchins, the plates fit together tightly. In others, such as starfish, the plates are more loosely bound, and in sea cucumbers the plates are usually microscopic. Radial symmetry - frequently in units of five Body enclosed in plates or leathery skin Water vascular system - tube feet Live in water Examples: Starfish, sea cucumber, sea urchin, sand dollar

29. Echinoderms : ¼Ùé¤Ãͧ·ÐàÅ Porifera / Cnidaria / Platyhelminthes / Mollusca Annelida / Arthropoda / echinodermata/ Chordata an error occurred while processing this directive http://www.talaythai.com/marine_animal/echinoderm/echinoderm.shtml

º´ÒʾÊѵÇì·Ñé§ËÅÒÂã¹âÅ¡ÁÕÍÂÙèà¾Õ§ Phylum à´ÕÂÇà·èÒ¹Ñé¹·Õè¶×ÍÇèÒà»ç¹¼Ùé¤Íº¤Í§âÅ¡ÊÕ¤ÒÁÍÂèÒ§á·é¨Ô§ ¾Ç¡à¢Ò¤×Í´ÒÇ·ÐàÅ »ÅÔ§·ÐàÅ àÁè¹·ÐàÅ ´ÒÇà»ÒÐ áÅдÒÇ¢¹¹¡ àÒäÁèÁÕâÍ¡Òʾºà¢Òã¹áÁè¹éÓÅÓ¤Åͧ˹ͧºÖ§ ÊѵÇì¾Ç¡¹Õé¨ÐÍÒÈÑÂ੾ÒÐã¹·ÐàÅà·èÒ¹Ñé¹ Echinoderm ËÁÒ¶֧ÊѵÇì·ÕèÁÕ¼ÔÇÅÓµÑÇà»ç¹Ë¹ÒÁ (Echino = ˹ÒÁ Derm = Dermal = ¼ÔÇ˹ѧ) ¾Ç¡à¢ÒÁÕкº·è͵ÒÁÅÓµÑÇ ÁÕà·éÒ´Ù´ãªéà¾×èÍà¤Å×è͹·ÕèáÅÐËÒÍÒËÒ ã¹à¹×éÍàÂ×èÍÁÕá·è§á¢ç§¢¹Ò´àÅç¡ ºÒ§¤Ñé§ÇÁ¡Ñ¹à»ç¹à»Å×Í¡á¢ç§ àªè¹ ´ÒÇ·ÐàÅ ´ÒÇà»ÒÐ ´ÒÇ¢¹¹¡ ºÒ§ª¹Ô´ÍÒ¨à»ÅÕè¹ٻà»ç¹Ë¹ÒÁ àªè¹ àÁè¹·ÐàÅ Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes Mollusca ... Arthropoda / Echinodermata / Chordata [an error occurred while processing this directive]

30. What Are The Echinodermata? The Diversity of Living Organisms Themes of Adaptationand Evolution What are the echinodermata? http://science.kennesaw.edu/biophys/biodiversity/animalia/echinoderm.html

The Diversity of Living Organisms: Themes of Adaptation and Evolution What are the Echinodermata? Background Sources Background General Echinodermata includes the common sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, sea cucumbers and many other unique and interesting marine organisms. The term echinoderm comes from two Greek words: "echino" meaning spiny and "derm" meaning skin. A brush with either a sea urchin or a sea star in a marine aquarium's touch tank will quickly confirm the validity of the phylum's name. Body Form Echinoderms are coelomate deuterostomes. Although the adults are typically radially symmetric, the larval forms exhibit bilateral symmetry. Nearly all of the members of this phylum possess some type of an internal calcareous skeleton. Almost all echinoderms possess a unique water-vascular system. This system consists of a series of fluid-filled canals extending throughout the body and often terminating in a series of bulb-like structures known as "tube feet". Muscular contractions force water into and out of the tube feet, allowing them to expand and contract individually. Each "foot" has a muscular, suckerlike ampulla on the end that attaches to available substrates. Many of the sea stars use this unique hydraulic system to grip clams and snails, breaking open the shells for a meal. The nervous system associated with the water-vascular system is also unique. Rather than having a centrally-oriented system with a controlling "brain", there are a series of nerve networks extending into each of the various body regions. The nerve networks are connected to a central ring-like series of nerve ganglia. This unique "radial" nervous system allows the echinoderms unusual flexibility in behavior, as any portion of the body can serve as the "head" as it experiences its environment.

31. Echinodermata. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. echinodermata. ( k´´n dûr´m t ) (KEY) Gr.,=spiny skin, phylum of exclusively http://www.bartleby.com/65/ec/Echinode.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Echinodermata k t KEY sea urchins , loosely articulated to facilitate movement, as in sea stars (starfish), or reduced to minute spicules in the skin, as in

32. Echinodermata echinodermata Subphylum Echinozoa Class Echinoidea. (regular) Phymosoma ( ). Cidarus( ). (irregular) Eupatagus( ). Encope ( ). Epiaster( ). Subphylum Blastozoa. http://www.umpi.maine.edu/~mccartnk/paleol11.htm

Echinodermata Subphylum Echinozoa Class Echinoidea (regular) Phymosoma Cidarus (irregular) Eupatagus Encope Epiaster Subphylum Blastozoa Class Blastoidea Pentremites Return to Paleontology Syllabus Return to Kevin McCartney's homepage

33. Echinodermata encyclopediaEncyclopedia echinodermata, ukI nOdûr'mutu PronunciationKey. echinodermata Gr.,=spiny skin, phylum of exclusively http://www.factmonster.com/ce6/sci/A0816693.html

Encyclopedia Echinodermata u k I O u t u Pronunciation Key Echinodermata [Gr.,=spiny skin], phylum of exclusively marine bottom-dwelling invertebrates having external skeletons of calcareous plates just beneath the skin. The plates may be solidly fused together, as in sea urchins , loosely articulated to facilitate movement, as in sea stars (starfish), or reduced to minute spicules in the skin, as in sea cucumbers . The skin usually has warty projections or spines, or both. Echinoderms display pentamerous radial symmetry, that is, the body can be divided into five more or less similar portions around a central axis. Unlike other radially symmetrical animals, they develop from a bilaterally symmetrical larva and retain some degree of bilateral symmetry as adults. There is no head; the surface containing the mouth (the underside, in sea stars and most others) is called the oral surface, and the opposite side, which usually bears the anus, the aboral surface. There are five living classes of echinoderms. Sections in this article: Introduction Anatomy and Physiology Class Asteroidea Class Ophiuroidea Class Echinoidea ... Class Concentricycloidea echinacea Echo, in Greek mythology

34. Echinodermata Translate this page Stamm echinodermata ( Stachelhäuter ). Allgemein Lebensraum -marin.Charakteristisch Pentamerie (fünfstrahlige Radiärsymmetrie http://www.zoologie-online.de/Systematik/Metazoa/Echinodermata/echinodermata.htm

CD-ROM Zoologie jetzt Version 5.0 Die Vollversion zum bestellen. Alle Webseiten + hunderte von Bildern + Animationen +Audioausgabe ++ praktischer Teil! Mittlerweile ein Klassiker in der Zoologie. Präparations- anleitungen zu fast allen gängingen Praktikumstagen! 650MB an Texten,Bildern und Filmen hier bestellen Zoologie- Klausurfragen CD-ROM 350 Klausurfragen im Multiple-Choice Quiz-System! optimale Klausurvorbereitung und Semester- begleitung hier bestellen Lernposterset Zoologie gesammeltes theoretisches Anatomiewissen übersichtlich, didaktisch und optisch an- sprechend auf 2 Postern + ein Extraposter mit den Parasiten im Überblick! Hier bestellen Lernposterset Botanik drei Poster mit zahlreichen histologischen Fotografien, Kennzeichen der wichtigsten Blütenpflanzenfamili en und einem völlig neuartigem systematischen Üblerblick üb die Gefäßpflanzen Hier bestellen Systematik theoretische Beschreibungen der einzelnen Tiergruppen Info Kontakt: sascha@stormcrow-s oftware.de

35. Echinodermata Page Back, Unit Home, Page Next, Page Up, Page Down, echinodermata, Cladogram,Glossary. echinodermata. Cambrian to Recent. Phylum echinodermata. Subphylum Blastozoa. http://www.palaeos.com/Invertebrates/Echinoderms/echinodermata.htm

Palæos: Echinodermata INVERTEBRATES Echinoderm Home Home Palaeont- ology Evolution ... Megayear Digest Page Back Unit Home Page Next Page Up Page Down Echinodermata Cladogram Glossary Echinodermata Cambrian to Recent The echinoderms (or "spiny skins") are a diverse group of completely marine animals. They are known from the Cambrian to the Recent and are found in shallow marine waters as well as the deep abyssal plains. They have a soft body encased in a hard rigid shell or exoskeleton (called a test ) made of individual plates (or ossicles ). made up of numerous thin plates. Many echinoderms have spines covering their test (e.g. the sea urchin). This group includes such familiar sea-shore creatures as starfish and sea urchins, as well as a number of less known types, and a whole range of paleozoic forms that are no longer around. there are some 6000 recent species, distributed among five classes. But these are only a small fraction of the number and diversity of types that lived in past ages, especially during the Paleozoic era when the group was at its height. The most distinctive thing about echinoderm appearance is their pentameral - that is, a five fold - radial symmetry. In other words, their body is structured on a five-fold plan, with rays or arms in fives or multiples of five, as shown for example with the familiar starfish with its five arms.

36. Phylum Echinodermata Phylum echinodermata Overview. Phylum echinodermata. Class Echinoidea, 011_211.jpg(60990 bytes), Anmaq012.jpg (49212 bytes), ng 1980 urchin 00.jpg (60320 bytes). http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/phylum_echinodermata.htm

Phylum Echinodermata Overview Phylum Echinodermata Class Echinoidea Class Asteroidea Class Ophuroidea Class Crinoidea (another is here and here Class Holothuroidea

37. BIODIDAC Images Documents Search Information What's New? Annelida Arthropoda Brachiopoda Bryozoa Cephalochordata Chaetognatha Chordata CiliophoraCnidaria Ctenophora Cycliophora echinodermata Entoprocta Gastrotricha http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/thumbnails/catquery.htm?Kingdom=Animalia&phylum=E

38. BIODIDAC - Animalia Echinodermata Asteroidea - ASTE018P.GIF Animalia, echinodermata, Asteroidea, Digestive system of the starfish, pyloricstomach, cardiac stomach digestive glands have been removed to show the http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/Thumbnails/ASTE018P-GIF.htm

Images Documents Search Information ... Français Animalia - Echinodermata - Asteroidea Digestive system of the starfish, pyloric stomach, cardiac stomach digestive glands have been removed to show the underlying gonad. Resolution: 450x349x256 159,646 bytes Submitted by: Houseman Displayed at 1:1 © BIODIDAC Contacts: Antoine Morin Jon Houseman

39. MBL :: Marine Organisms:: Marine Organisms Database Metazoa. .. echinodermata (Spinyskinned Animals) - ..Subphylum Echinozoa. Expand from echinodermata down. (37 taxa) http://www.mbl.edu/marine_org/marine_org.php?func=browse&myID=D1477

40. MBL :: Marine Organisms:: Image Database At MBL ( Metazoa. .. echinodermata (Spiny-skinned Animals) Name ServerOther names for this taxon echinodermata (L) Spiny-skinned Animals (E). http://www.mbl.edu/marine_org/flescher/flescher.php?func=browse&myID=D1477

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