61. Dolgellau Gold-belt Geology - Advanced Version Cambrian goldfields Ltd working towards a sustainable Welsh gold Industry.geology OF THE DOLGELLAU gold-BELT LONG VERSION, BACK TO HISTORY PAGE. http://www.cambriangoldfields.co.uk/geology2.htm

Cambrian Goldfields Ltd - working towards a sustainable Welsh Gold Industry GEOLOGY OF THE DOLGELLAU GOLD-BELT: LONG VERSION BACK TO HISTORY PAGE www.nmgw.ac.uk INTRODUCTION "Much work has been done on the Dolgellau Gold-belt (eg. Shepherd and Bottrell, 1993), but there remains enormous scope for metallogenic research, not only in the Gold-belt, but throughout Mid and North Wales. However, some points are worth mentioning here before going into more detail. Mineral veins throughout North Wales fall into two main groups (Fitches, 1987): pre-tectonic veins post-tectonic veins Pre-tectonic veins are the older group, and formed prior to the close of the Acadian mountain-building, also known as the Caledonian Orogeny. This means that they are pre-Devonian in age. Most are probably of mid-late Ordovician origin. This was an important time in Welsh geological evolution, as there was a major phase of volcanic activity, providing heat, crustal tension and other factors conducive to mineral deposit formation.

62. Basic Dolgellau Gold-belt Geology Cambrian goldfields Ltd working towards a sustainable Welsh goldIndustry. BASIC DOLGELLAU gold-BELT geology, BACK TO HISTORY PAGE. http://www.cambriangoldfields.co.uk/geology.htm

Cambrian Goldfields Ltd - working towards a sustainable Welsh Gold Industry BASIC DOLGELLAU GOLD-BELT GEOLOGY BACK TO HISTORY PAGE FOR A DETAILED ACCOUNT CLICK HERE Any geological queries? Email John Mason HERE This tale takes us back into the Lower Palaeozoic era, when North Wales was under the sea, on the margin of the ancient ocean that geologists call Iapetus (fig. 1). Scotland and Northern Ireland sat on the ocean's opposite shore. The shales that make up the Gold-belt were originally silts and muds, deposited on the old sea-bed. Fig. 1: Sketched reconstruction of Iapetus Ocean at the time of the formation of the Dolgellau Gold-belt, with present-day landmasses shown in grey. Most of these, apart from E Scandanavia and NW Canada, were in fact submerged beneath shallow seas at the time - the marginal seas of Iapetus. When the ocean closed, the ensuing continenatal collision joined together the two halves of Britain and added E New England, Nova Scotia and E Newfoundland to the American continent. The Atlantic started to open hundreds of millions of years later.

63. A Recipe For Gold Regional geology a recipe for gold a brief description of the geologicalhistory of the Waihi region. Volcanic Violence Around http://www.marthamine.co.nz/recipe_for_gold.html

geology I regional geology I geology of Martha Mine geology of the waste disposal area Regional geology: a recipe for gold: a brief description of the geological history of the Waihi region. Volcanic Violence Around 20 million years ago volcanoes burst through the landscape around what we now know as Waihi. Tall, steep sided andesite volcanoes formed as the hot lava was thrown out to coat the sides of the volcanoes and the surrounding land. These volcanoes were similar in size and shape to Ruapehu and Ngauruhoe in the central North Island. Volcanic eruptions continued throughout the Coromandel for more than 15 million years. The Mountains Wear Down Any rock raised above the ground is subjected to a range of forces that gradually wear it away. Over time the forces of weathering and erosion can reduce mountains to hills. 20 million years of weathering and erosion has taken its toll on the local landscape. It is hard to make out the shape of those ancient volcanoes. Hundreds of metres of rock have been gradually eroded away from the original mountains. Other Forces Meanwhile, other forces were also working deep within the earth. The landmass of New Zealand was being squeezed and uplifted, helping the mountain building process. This uplift continues today, very slowly pushing up most of New Zealand.

64. Martha Mine Geology Hot rock far below the ground provided heat energy for those spectacular featuresand also provided the ingredients for the gold deposit to be formed at Martha http://www.marthamine.co.nz/geology.html

geology I regional geology I geology of Martha Mine geology of the waste disposal area The Waihi landscape was very different 7 million years ago. The land was higher, probably by several hundred metres. Geysers threw boiling, mineral rich water high into the air, mudpools bubbled and hot springs dotted the countryside, very much like Rotorua today. Hot rock far below the ground provided heat energy for those spectacular features and also provided the ingredients for the gold deposit to be formed at Martha Hill. Over time the volcanic activity dwindled as the volcanic 'hot spot' gradually migrated southeast, passing through Tauranga and Te Puke to be centred around Rotorua today. This volcanic activity provided the conditions and environment for the gold and silver now being mined at Martha. Geology of Martha Mine Geology of the Waste Disposal Area index history I geology I mining @ Martha I rehabilitation I safety health environment I tech info what's new? I links to other sites I glossary RETURN TO TOP

65. Detail Grade Level, INTERMEDIATE/SECONDARY. Curriculum, geologySECONDARY ELEM. SCIENCE. Subject(s),ALCOHOLISM. gold RUSH (SSK0178). Material Type, SOCIAL STUDIES KIT. http://drc.sd62.bc.ca/DT000148.HTM

OPERATING THE COMPUTER (V1541) Material Type VIDEO TAPE Grade Level A Curriculum COMPUTERS Publisher SFU Publication Date Physical Description 21 MIN. Summary Program describes the basic commands needed to operate the Apple 11 Plus. System commands, program commands and disk operating commands are demonstrated. COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION SERIES. Subject(s) COMPUTERS TEACHERS' WORKSHOPS APPLE COMPUTER SHARED LEARNINGS : INTEGRATING BC ABORIGINAL CONTENT K-10 (971.1 SHA) Material Type BOOKS Grade Level TEACHERS Curriculum FIRST NATIONS STUDIES Place of Publication Victoria, BC Publisher British Columbia. Ministry of Education Publication Date Physical Description 194 p. Summary A guide to integrating BC aboriginal content into all grade levels and subject areas. Each section contains the following components: shared learnings, instructional strategies, resources, and prescribed learning outcomes. ISBN Subject(s) INDIANS OF NORTH AMERICA - BRITISH COLUMBIA - STUDY AND TEACHING NATIVE PEOPLES - STUDY AND TEACHING - BRITISH COLUMBIA DATA INSECURITY (V2543) Material Type VIDEO TAPE Grade Level SS Curriculum COMPUTERS Publisher EBF Publication Date Physical Description 33 MIN.

66. Alaska Gold! Free Alaska Geology And Trails Maps! Free And Inexpensive Prospecti space for rent, http://www.alaska-freegold.com/maps.html

Mail A Friend This Page! Welcome! Today is: Maps and More This page has the links to maps and data resources. This page will be updated regularly, as much of the work is 'in progress'. Area Map: http://www.alaskavisit.com/ and while you're here go to the Driveguide for the Petersville Road, for maps and photos. U.S.G.S. U.S.G.S. Composit Magnetic map. ARDF-Availability Table MILS Query by Quadrangle Digital Index of Geologic Information Query Alaska Mineral Locations Database ALASKA D.G.G.S. Guide to Alaska Geologic and Mineral information. D.G.G.S Publications PROPRIETARY and MISC. MAPS These may include maps based on: D.G.G.S. Airborne Geophysical Survey maps and other topographical, statistical, geological and geophysical maps. They will be compiled into a folio in the near future. When they are loaded onto the server their link will become active. Some maps may have restricted distribution. Email us for information Trails Map CAUTION large file) Topographic Map. Contour Interval 100'. Total Field Magnetics of the Blue Ribbon Mine and vicinity, Alaska.

67. Webb Research Group Publishers - Geology And Mining Main text from State Dept. of geology's Bulletin 61 gold and Silver inOregon (Long out of print). Some update, nontechnical fun reading. http://www.pnorthwestbooks.com/docs/geoandmine.html

Geology and Mining Gold mining, along with rockhounding, are highly popular avocations that command the attention of millions of folks on weekend outings, or evenings spent polishing their gems and making jewelry. Our books in this section are carefully chosen informative and entertaining works. Gold Mining In Oregon Bert Webber, Ed. Main text from State Dept. of Geology's Bulletin 61 "Gold and Silver in Oregon" (Long out of print). Some update, non-technical fun reading. New matter includes how to pan for gold. Our chapter "Panning for Gold" tells where to go, when there exactly how to do it. 86 unique historical and new pictures, 39 maps, 37 charts and graphs. Two bibliographies. Index of Mines. 350 p. 8½x11 pbk. Big Book. (See shipping costs) The Search For Oregon's Lost Blue Bucket Mine; The Stephen Meek Wagon Train of 1845 Charles S. Hoffman with Bert Webber While westbound on the Oregon Trail in Oregon, Meek, with 800 people, tried to find shortcut to Willamette Valley to avoid the Blue Mountains. The party became lost in Central Oregon desert, no water (many died), but they accidentally discovered gold which was put in blue bucket but they forgot where they found the gold!

68. Webb Research Group Publishers - NEW BOOKS! Diaries, see OREGON TRAIL Dishonoring America, MILITARY; JAPANESEAMERICAN;SOCIAL ISSUES Dredging for gold, geology MINING. Erosion http://www.pnorthwestbooks.com/docs/p_index.html

Complete Index Pick a Category to Begin! To accommodate those most comfortable with library style index, we've arranged our all of our products and their subjects in this comprehensive index below. Adams (diary), OREGON TRAIL Akin (diary), OREGON TRAIL Alaska, see Aleutian Headache Aleutian Headache, MILITARY Aleutian Islands, battles, see Aleutian Headache Amazing True Tales of Wrecked Japanese Junks, SPECIAL INTEREST American, Japanese Relocation, WW-II, MILITARY JAPANESE-AMERICAN SOCIAL ISSUES Applegate Trail, OREGON TRAIL SOUTHERN OREGON Ashland Flood, SPECIAL INTEREST Ashland, An Oregon Oasis, SOUTHERN OREGON Balloon bombs, see Silent Siege III Band, see Battery Point Lighthouse, (California) OREGON COAST Battle Rock Hero, OREGON COAST Battleship Oregon Centennial Edition, NEW BOOKS MILITARY Battleship Oregon (Regular Edition), MILITARY Bayocean: The Oregon Town that fell..., OREGON COAST Beachcombing, OREGON COAST Beeson (diary), OREGON TRAIL Black (diary), OREGON TRAIL Blue Bucket Mine, see Search for...

69. NMBGMR Lite Geology Spring 1996 - Panning For Gold In Texas Canyon Main Education Lite geology Spring 1996 Panning for gold inTexas Canyon. Panning for gold in Texas Canyon. John Dodd (left http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/education/litegeology/spring96/s2.html

Main Education Lite Geology Spring 1996 Panning for gold in Texas Canyon Back to Lite Geology last updated:

70. The Gold Rushes Thus geology, the most and that is why the seal of the US Geological Survey featuresmining tools.) Some of these companies still work the old goldrush grounds http://geology.about.com/library/weekly/aa012598.htm

zfp=-1 About Homework Help Geology Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Geology with Andrew Alden Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS The Image Gallery Gallery of Peaks Index of Articles ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement The Gold Rushes What could be more American than the gold rush? Well, here are four of them. Early in 1848, James Marshall found gold in the flume of the water-driven mill he was building in Coloma, California. The news took a while to build steam, but when it did California was swiftly transformed, and the "Forty-Niner" entered the world's folklore. The Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park site has a good summary of the events of that day. One hundred fifty years later the Oakland Museum of California, a priceless resource here in my home town , opened a big exhibit about that gold rush. Nuggets, artifacts, documents, art and old photographs were gathered in the largest such collection ever assembled. An elaborate Web site lets you share the wealth wherever you are.

71. SME 2003 Annual Meeting And Exhibit: Geology I: New Gold & Silver Discoveries [N 2003 SME Annual Meeting and Exhibit February 2426, 2003, Cincinnati, OhioSME 2003 Sponsorship Program geology I New gold Silver Discoveries. http://www.smenet.org/meetings/annualmeeting/sponsorships/itemdetails.cfm?ItemID

72. The Northern Miner are focused up along the faults to higher levels in the crust, where they react withcountry rock to form lode gold ores. The author is a geology professor at http://www.northernminer.com/toolkit/geology_101.asp

In dex Epithermal deposits, Part 1, April 7, 1997 Epithermal deposits, Part 2, April 14, 1997 Quartz-Carbonate vein gold deposits, Part 1, July 28, 1997 Quartz-Carbonate vein gold deposits, Part 2 ... Besshi-type VMS deposits (Part II), July 10-16, 2000 April 7, 1997 Epithermal deposits, Part 1 by CHRISTINE NORCROSS This is the first instalment in a new feature in The Northern Mine, which will consist of 2-part articles. In the first part, we will examine the geologic formation of a particular type of deposit. In the second part, which will run in the following week, the economic viability of such a deposit will be assessed. An epithermal gold deposit is one in which the gold mineralization occurs within 1 to 2 km of surface and is deposited from hot fluids. The fluids are estimated to range in temperature from less than 100C to about 300C and, during the formation of a deposit, can appear at the surface as hot springs, similar to those found in Yellowstone National Park (in northwestern Wyoming, southern Montana and eastern Idaho). The deposits are most often formed in areas of active volcanism around the margins of continents. Many countries have epithermal gold deposits, including Japan, Indonesia, Chile and the western U.S., each of which occupies a portion of the "Rim of Fire," the area of volcanism that rings the Pacific Ocean from Southeast Asia to western South America. Epithermal gold is also found in British Columbia at the Baker mine, in the Toodoggone district, and near the Taseko River.

73. Bomis: The Geology/Rocks And Minerals/Metallic Deposits/Gold Ring Bomis The geology/Rocks and Minerals/Metallic Deposits/gold ring. http://www.bomis.com/rings/Mmetallic_deposits-gold-science/

Bomis: The Geology/Rocks and Minerals/Metallic Deposits/Gold ring Build a ring Suggest URL! Email ringmaster! Ring Info! See also... ...Science/Earth_Sciences/Geology/Rocks_and_Minerals/Metallic_Deposits/Gold Home My Bomis Webmasters ... Ring Rankings Bomis is a search engine covering all topics. Enjoy! Ring sites 2 Get California Gold Country Gold country travel information, gold rush history, and gold panning. 2getgold.com Skarns and Skarn Deposits Skarns are a rich source of gold ores and this web site is an attempt to coordinate research and interest in skarns www.wsu.edu:8080 Facts about Gold information provided by the Gold Institute www.goldinstitute.com Concord Innovations Gold Nugget Souvenirs promotional items manufacturing and wholesale area specific historical goldrush text www.concordinnovations.com Mining Technology Contains information on various worldwide gold mines, from exploration to recovery and processing. Featured projects include Bingham Canyon, Carlin Trend, Minera Yanacocha and Robinson. www.mining-technology.com WebElements Periodic Table: Gold Information about the atomic and elemental properties of the element gold. The site also has the entire periodic table online, with useful information on all of the elements, and is very useful for geologists studing the chemical compositions of rocks and minerals.

74. Geology Of The Paleoproterozoic Gold Deposit At Osikonmäki, Rantasalmi, Southea geology of the Paleoproterozoic gold deposit at Osikonmäki, Rantasalmi,southeastern Finland. Kontoniemi, Olavi 1998. Geological http://www.gsf.fi/info/kontsynabs.html

Kontoniemi, Olavi 1998. Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo. 15 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables. Abstract Base metal concentrations are low, which is a characteristic feature of epigenetic gold mineralizations, but the mineralization process caused marked enrichment in As, Bi, Te and Se, and moderate enrichment in Ag, Sb and Cu. At the deposit scale, the distribution of Au correlates well with Se, Bi, Te, Sb, Cu and Ag, while reasonably good correlation also exists with As and S. Where gold is most concentrated, the Au-As correlation becomes somewhat weaker, while conversely, Au and Ag have a stronger correlation, indicating perhaps late enrichment of gold. The alteration can be subdivided into early hydrothermal alteration, regional prograde metamorphism in the sillimanite-K-feldspar zone, and late retrograde hydrothermal alteration. However, the effects of hydrothermal alteration are weak and limited compared to Archean mesothermal deposits. Key words Olavi Kontoniemi, Geological Survey of Finland, P.O. Box 1237

75. Geological gold Statistics gold production and export figures from Fiji's Mining Sector. MineralResources Department is responsible for providing data on the geology and http://www.mrd.gov.fj/gfiji/geology.html

Home Mining-Exploration Geology Groundwater ... Services One of our key functions is to continually seek to update Geological Information on the Fiji Island s Geological Data and Information Geological Mapping has been one of our key tasks in the past and a major revision of existing geological maps is underway; with the aim of eventually providing all geological information in an electronic format (GIS based) Recent Geological Mapping Aeromagnetic Dataset Data Packages Geology of Fiji ... Geological Map of Vanua Levu For more information, contact : Director, Mineral Resources Department, Private Mail Bag, GPO, Suva. Fiji Islands. FAX: (679) 337 0039 PHONE: (679) 338 1611 or [Contact us by Email] Quick Access Table of Contents Geology of Fiji : This brief note on the Geology of Fiji was prepared largely for public information, aimed at school students. Similar notes are available on Rocks and Minerals. Discovery of Gold in Fiji A historical paper on gold in Fiji, from early pan prospecting to present underground mining Gold in Fiji An educational pamphlet introducing the element gold, its uses, mining of gold and the geological setting in which gold is deposited in Fiji.

76. California Gold Fun Joshua J. Vick's. California gold. Welcome To The gold Site ! There's an estimated40 billion dollars in gold yet to be found in the Motherlode of California. http://www.goldfun.com/Geology/body_geology.htm

Joshua J. Vick's California gold Welcome To The Gold Site ! List Of Links Gold Nuggets Mining Trip Photos Lodging Links ! Gold Article This is the California Motherlode Quartz Vein. It has yielded some of the largest gold nuggets in the world. (The Carson nugget, weighed in at 195 lbs.) In 1992 on Christmas Eve. The Harvard Mine in Jamestown, CA. removed 300 lbs. of crystalline gold from the Motherlode. One of the pieces weighed in at over 40 troy pounds. Here's my beautiful wife Amy, alongside one of my favorite places to look for gold, the Gold Quartz Motherlode Vein of California.! Lode - A deposit of valuable minerals still enclosed in the original bedrock. Placer - A deposit of heavy minerals concentrated in stream gravels. Because it is heavy, gold commonly occurs in placer deposits. Finding other heavy components in placer deposits, such as jasper and hematite, can help you locate gold. Hydrothermal Vein - A vein formed by the crystallization of minerals from predominantly hot water solutions. One of the secrets to locating a gold bearing lode is to find a solution seam adjacent to a quartz vein. Click here for more on this...

77. Geology And Hydrothermal Alteration Of Epithermal Gold Mineralization In Francis Epithermal gold mineralization at the Francis Creek area, Queensland,Australia. *A. Harijoko, *K. WATANABE, **Y. MOTOMURA, *E. IZAWA. http://xrd.mine.kyushu-u.ac.jp/papers/agung_01sigentisitsu.html

Epithermal gold mineralization at the Francis Creek area, Queensland, Australia A. Harijoko, *K. WATANABE, **Y. MOTOMURA, *E. IZAWA *: Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Kyushu University **: Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University Geologically, the Francis Creek area is situated at the northern most of the Sybil Graben, which is a northwesterly trending tectonic depression zone. The lithology of the Francis Creek area is dominantly rhyo-dacitic volcanic and volcaniclastic rocks of Late Carboniferous Hells Gate Formation. Field and aerial photograph observation revealed that geological structure pattern in the Hells Gate Formation is trending mainly northwesterly (N 60 W) with offset by sinistral strike slip faults. The structure is the same as that cutting the Permian lithology around the Francis Creek area. C at depth of about 400m from the surface. The hydrothermal activity center is quartz vein and silicified rocks. W) parallel to the general structure. The mineralogy of vein is typical for epithermal mineralization. It comprises of hydrothermal metallic minerals such as electrum, acanthite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, tetrahedrite and galena with pyrite is the dominant mineral. Besides that it also contains mineral indicating weathering product i.e. iodagylite. Gangue minerals consist of quartz, illite, adularia, fluorite and barite with quartz is a predominant mineral. In addition, rutile, zircon, xenotime and R.E. minerals exist. The gold content of veins is about 3 to 8 ppm whereas silver content ranges 1 to 3 ppm.

78. Geology And Gold Occurrences, Jackson - Cecil R Area Back to 2000 Annual Report Table of Contents. http://www.canyonresources.com/financial/00ar/gold_occurences.html

Back to 2000 Annual Report Table of Contents Back to 2000 Annual Report Table of Contents

79. Nearctica - Geology - Minerals And Gems - Gems This site has a rather eclectic collection of information on gold including recreationalprospecting. Minerals and geology on the Ouachita and OzarkSt. http://www.nearctica.com/geology/mineral/specrock.htm

Geology - Minerals and Gems - Specific Minerals Return to Geology Main Page Photo courtesy of John Betts Fine Minerals Buy Books About Rocks and Minerals This pages has links to a few sites on particular minerals. COPPER Rare Copper Country Specimens and Misc. Minerals . A collection of photographs of native copper specimens from Michigan. EMERALDS Delta Bravo . If you go crazy over natural emerald crystals, like I do, you will love this site with a gallery of incredible emerald crystals from Colombia. There are also sections on emerald mines in Colombia, their characteristics, and (if you are very well healed) specimens for sale. GOLD Minin' Gold . W.F. Westcott. This appears to be the best site on recreational panning for gold. The site has a wealth of information on where to go to pan for gold. It also explains how to pan and the tools you will need. You'll also find other information such as clubs, map information, advertisements, and more. Recommended. A Resource Center for Gold Maps for the Recreational Prospector . Mayhill Press. Mayhill Press presents information on how to pan for gold for fun and places where you can do it. They sell the maps. Gold Prospecting . This site has a rather eclectic collection of information on gold including recreational prospecting. GRAPHITE Graphite . J.A. Jaszczak. A very informative site on graphite with descriptions of its properties, photographs of crystals, and comparisons with other minerals.

80. Alaska Gold-The Blue Ribbon Mine-Geology Map! PRELIMINARY. GENERALIZED SURFACE geology MAP. BLUE RIBBON MINE and VICINITY,ALASKA. This is a section of USGS MAP I1174, by Reed and Nelson, 1980. http://members.tripod.com/Alaska_Gold_Mines/prelimin_geol1.html

PRELIMINARY GENERALIZED SURFACE GEOLOGY MAP BLUE RIBBON MINE and VICINITY, ALASKA This is a section of U.S.G.S. MAP I-1174, by Reed and Nelson, 1980. For explanations and descriptions of map units, please refer to http://members.tripod.com/Alaska_Gold_Mines/brm.html This is a work in progress, so check back regularly. The final product should be available following the close of the 1999 field season, and will include DRG, DLG, DEM, magnetic, resistivity, general and detailed geology and mineralization, sample locations, topography, hydrography, and so on. The Blue Ribbon Mine is located in the black box in the center of the map. Each grid box on the map is 6 miles on a side. The lines point to true north at the top of the map. Updated 10 June 1999.

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