41. Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces MSL MSL Projects - magnetic levitation Haptic Interfaces. magnetic levitationHaptic Interfaces. Using the magnetic levitation Haptic Interaction System, http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/msl/www/haptic/haptic_desc.html

MSL Projects - Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Peter J. Berkelman and Ralph L. Hollis Using the Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interaction System Introduction: We have developed a haptic interface device based on Lorentz force magnetic levitation. The user grasps a levitated tool handle to interact with computed environments. The dynamics of the handle are controlled so that the user feels the motion, shape, resistance, and surface texture of simulated objects. The magnetic levitation approach for haptic interface devices is distinctively different from actuated linkage or cable devices. Advantages of magnetic levitation for haptic interaction are: 6-DOF motion with one moving part Noncontact actuation and sensing High control bandwidths Position resolution and sensitivity Topics: New Magnetic Levitation Haptic Device Interactive Simulations Our previous work in maglev haptics References Last modified on Thursday, August 8, 2002

42. Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces magnetic levitation Haptic Interfaces. Peter Berkelman, Zack Butler,and Ralph Hollis. This project advances knowledge about how to http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/msl/www/haptic/oldhap.html

MSL Projects Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces - Early Work Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Peter Berkelman, Zack Butler, and Ralph Hollis This project advances knowledge about how to give computer users convincingly real haptic (sense of touch) interaction with computers. While there has been some progress in this area, chiefly through the use of back-driven robotic-like manipulators, this is a substantially new approach which promises a qualitative leap in improvement of such capabilities: A user interacts with the computer by grasping a rigid tool whose behavioral description is computed, employing this tool to interact with computed environments which are semantically meaningful in terms of the application. At the same time, the environment exerts realistic forces and torques on the tool's handle which are felt by the user. The vision is one of providing the computer user immediate, high-fidelity, convincingly real interaction with computed environments. The new haptic interface approach is based on a recently developed magnetic levitation technology, and on recent strong advances in the art of physically-based simulation. The magnetic levitation technology uses Lorentz forces to stably levitate and control a rigid body (which includes the handle through which the user interacts) in six degrees of freedom, giving a new and heretofore unexplored physical basis for haptic interaction.

43. Superconductivity Technology Center At Los Alamos magnetic levitation TRAINS magnetically levitated (MAGLEV) trainsare considered as a future application of HTS development. To http://www.lanl.gov/superconductivity/train.shtml

THE CENTER Introduction Facilities Research Highlights News ... Related Links OUR FOCUS Power Applications Electronic Devices HTS Research Wire Developmen t Biomedical Applications Magnetic Applications HTS Databases SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE PARK Working with STC FUTURE APPLICATIONS Biomedical Developments Magnetic Levitation Train MHD Ship MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRAINS Magnetically levitated (MAGLEV) trains are considered as a future application of HTS development. To understand why, we must look briefly at the history of the railroads. The development of trains and rails began in the early 1800s. The modern conventional train is no faster (~110 mph) than those of the late 1890s. So conventional trains have reached the end phase of their development. France, Germany, and Japan have developed "high-speed" or "bullet" trains capable of speeds of 150-180 mph. This improvement in speed is based upon improved rails and controls. However, this technology has also reached the end phase of its development. One limiting factor for these trains is the expensive and time-consuming maintenance of the rails. So it is the mechanical friction between train wheels and metal tracks that limit this technology. This leads us to the development of the magnetically levitated (no friction) trains. We briefly describe the history of this development. The idea of MAGLEV transportation has been around since the early 1900s. The benefit of eliminating the wheel/rail friction to obtain higher speeds and lower maintenance costs has great appeal. The basic idea of a MAGLEV train is to levitate it with magnetic fields so there is no physical contact between the train and the rails (guideways).

44. Superconducting Levitation Measurements on a Superconductor @ UBC Physics and Astronomy Outreach Other levitationmovies @ HyperPhysics Experiments with magnetic levitation by Rick http://www.fys.uio.no/super/levitation/

Superconducting Levitation Superconductors expel magnetic field, and hence repel magnets. This repulsion can be stronger than gravity, which leads to levitation - the most fascinating manifestation of superconductivity. This web-page presents a few movies showing how the superconducting levitation works. AVI movie 280 Kb MPEG movie 330 Kb QuickTime movie 460 Kb. Movie 1: Levitation in action A superconductor is immersed in liquid nitrogen to provide cooling below the critical temperature. A magnet is placed in the air above the superconductor and left there levitating. Nothing but magnetic interaction keeps the magnet from falling down. AVI movie 420 Kb MPEG movie 360 Kb QuickTime movie 850 Kb. Movie 2: Finding a better levitating position The levitating magnet has a preferential position above the superconductor and returns there after a small perturbation by a human finger. When the magnet is pushed hard towards the superconductor, it changes the magnetic field distribution in the superconductor, and a new position becomes preferential. AVI movie 400 Kb MPEG movie 460 Kb QuickTime movie 700 Kb.

45. Magnetic Levitation Updated 8September-1997 by PEG Original by Philip Gibbs and AndreGeim, 18-March-1997. Is magnetic levitation Possible? A theorem http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/General/Levitation/levitation.html

[Physics FAQ] Updated September 1997 by PEG. Original by Philip Gibbs and Andre Geim, March 1997. Is Magnetic Levitation Possible? A theorem due to Earnshaw proves that it is not possible to achieve static levitation using any combination of fixed magnets and electric charges. Static levitation means stable suspension of an object against gravity. There are, however, a few ways to levitate by getting round the assumptions of the theorem. In case you are wondering, none of these can be used to generate anti-gravity or to fly a craft without wings or jets. Earnshaw's Theorem The proof of Earnshaw's theorem is very simple if you understand some basic vector calculus. The static force as a function of position F x acting on any body in vacuum due to gravitation, electrostatic and magnetostatic fields will always be divergenceless. div F . At a point of equilibrium the force is zero. If the equilibrium is stable the force must point in towards the point of equilibrium on some small sphere around the point. However, by Gauss' theorem, F x ).d

46. Robotics Institute: Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Text only version of this site. magnetic levitation Haptic InterfacesHead Ralph Hollis Contact Ralph Hollis (rhollis@cs.cmu.edu) http://www.ri.cmu.edu/projects/project_111.html

RI Research Projects Text only version of this site Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Head: Ralph Hollis Contact: Ralph Hollis (rhollis@cs.cmu.edu) Mailing address: Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Associated lab/group: Microdynamic Systems Lab For more information, see this project's homepage This page last updated - January 1999. Jump to: Project Description Personnel Publications Project Description This project advances knowledge about how to give computer users convincingly real haptic (sense of touch) interaction with computers. While there has been some progress in this area, chiefly through the use of back-driven robotic-like manipulators, this is a substantially new approach which promises a qualitative leap in improvement of such capabilities: A user interacts with the computer by grasping a rigid tool whose behavioral description is computed, employing this tool to interact with computed environments which are semantically meaningful in terms of the application. At the same time, the environment exerts realistic forces and torques on the tool's handle which are felt by the user. The vision is one of providing the computer user immediate, high-fidelity, convincingly real interaction with computed environments. Personnel Past Members Name Title Email Address Ralph Hollis Principal Research Scientist rhollis@cs.cmu.edu

47. Robotics Institute: Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Graphics enhanced version of this site. magnetic levitation Haptic InterfacesHead Ralph Hollis Contact Ralph Hollis (rhollis@cs.cmu.edu). http://www.ri.cmu.edu/projects/project_111_text.html

Search Navigator: RI Research Projects Graphics enhanced version of this site Magnetic Levitation Haptic Interfaces Head: Ralph Hollis Contact: Ralph Hollis (rhollis@cs.cmu.edu) Mailing address: Carnegie Mellon University Robotics Institute 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Associated lab/group: Microdynamic Systems Lab For more information, see this project's homepage This page last updated - January 1999. Jump to: Project Description Personnel Publications Project Description This project advances knowledge about how to give computer users convincingly real haptic (sense of touch) interaction with computers. While there has been some progress in this area, chiefly through the use of back-driven robotic-like manipulators, this is a substantially new approach which promises a qualitative leap in improvement of such capabilities: A user interacts with the computer by grasping a rigid tool whose behavioral description is computed, employing this tool to interact with computed environments which are semantically meaningful in terms of the application. At the same time, the environment exerts realistic forces and torques on the tool's handle which are felt by the user. The vision is one of providing the computer user immediate, high-fidelity, convincingly real interaction with computed environments. Personnel Past Members Home Ralph Hollis Home Publications Note : This list may not be comprehensive. It contains only those publications in the RI publications database. Entries are listed in reverse chronological order.

48. Magnetic Levitation Vehicles magnetic levitation Vehicles. Introduction As we trains. This railsystem is referred to as magnetic levitation, or maglev. Maglev http://www.kyrene.k12.az.us/itech/kmsitech/maglev.htm

Magnetic Levitation Vehicles Introduction As we move toward the twenty first century, an analysis of our transportation needs indicates that the systems we have in place today may not be capable of supporting our transportation needs for the future. Because of the growing need for quicker and more efficient methods for moving people and goods, researchers have turned to a new technique, one using electromagnetic rails and trains. This rail system is referred to as magnetic levitation , or maglev . Maglev is a generic term for any transportation system in which vehicles are suspended and guided by magnetic forces. Instead of engines, maglev vehicles use electromagnetism to levitate (raise) and propel the vehicle. Alternating current creates a magnetic field that pushes and pulls the vehicle and keeps it above the support structure, called a guide way There are two basic types of maglev - electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamic suspension (EDS) EMS depends on attractive force . Electromagnets on the vehicle are drawn toward a pair of steel rails. Most of the vehicle rides above the rails but the magnets wrap beneath the rail. As the magnets pull the vehicle upward, their current is electromagnetically regulated to maintain a constant gap between the rails and the vehicle.

49. Magnetic Levitation Research Links This page provides links to other Web sites pertaining to magnetic levitationand high speed ground transport. magnetic levitation Research Links. http://www.kyrene.k12.az.us/itech/amsitech/activities/maglev/links.htm

Magnetic Levitation Research Links Railway Technical Research Institute California State Polytechnic University, Pomona - Electromagnetic Transportation Argonne National Laboratory Argonne Community of Teachers ... Home

50. MAGNETIC LEVITATION Search this term on the WWW Back to Start Page for IEEE Keyword Selection magnetic levitation. Used for magnetic BEARINGS Broader Terms http://www.ieee.org/web/developers/webthes/00000685.htm

Search this term on the WWW Back to Start Page for IEEE Keyword Selection MAGNETIC LEVITATION Used for: MAGNETIC BEARINGS Broader Terms: LEVITATION Related Terms: BEARINGS (MECHANICAL) ELECTROMAGNETS MAGNETIC FORCES RAIL TRANSPORTATION

51. Magnetic Levitation Trains Foster Business Library magnetic levitation Trains A search foundno matches containing magnetic levitation on the PSRC website. http://faculty.washington.edu/stevens/mag.html

Foster Business Library Magnetic Levitation Trains Assignment: Magnetic levitation trains: implementation of a magnetic levitation train between Seattle and Portland. Resources: Web Resources Reference Books General Books Annual Reports ... Help Web Resources: These online resources are available wherever you have web access; they do not require that you access them via the UW Connectivity Kit or the UW Libraries Proxy Server for authentication. When using web resources, be sure to evaluate the credibility of these resources. For a subject index to web resources, see Business Resources on the Web on the Foster Business Library homepage Governmental sources: Puget Sound Regional Council: The Puget Sound Regional Council is a regional data center that provides a wide variety of economic, demographic, geographic, and transportation data to its member cities, counties, businesses, and other interested parties. Data is available on a wide variety of demographic information, in spreadsheet formats, on race, income, housing, building permits, employment, transportation, etc. plus links to labor force, per capita income, population and regional CPI information. The Council site offers a search engine See their reports such as Growth in Traffic and Vehicle Miles Traveled (in PDF format) and Regional Travel Behavior . A search found no matches containing magnetic levitation on the PSRC website. A search for

52. MAGNETIC LEVITATION RESEARCH Colorado Department of Transportation magnetic levitation Research. PUBLIC INFORMATIONPACKAGE. (5/14/02). FTA's Urban magnetic levitation Transit Program. http://faculty.washington.edu/jbs/itrans/coloradodotmaglev.htm

Colorado Department of Transportation - Magnetic Levitation Research PUBLIC INFORMATION PACKAGE The Colorado Department of Transportation has entered into a "Memorandum of Understanding" to conduct research and development under the federal Urban Magnetic Levitation program. The other parties to this agreement are: Colorado Intermountain Fixed Guideway Authority (CIFGA) Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) MagLev Transit Group (MTG) In 1999, CIFGA and SNL were identified by the US Congress to each receive $1.75M to study and develop magnetic levitation technology for use in urban transit. MTG was selected, based on competitive proposals, by the Federal Transit Administration (FTA) to receive $742,000 to conduct magnetic levitation research. CDOT is receiving these $4,242,000 in grant funds through a cooperative agreement with the FTA and is contracting with the three participants to conduct the research and development. The state funds being used for appropriately related analysis in the ongoing I-70 west Programmatic Environmental Impact Study (I-70 PEIS) provide the required match. The I-70 PEIS study is expected to be result in a Record of Decision in 2004. CDOT is working in partnership with the other groups involved to provide accurate and complete information regarding possible advanced technology alternatives for the I-70 West Corridor. Information about this system, along with information on other fixed guideway systems, and highway, rubber-tire transit (bus), and other transportation alternatives, will be used to determine a preferred alternative for a long-term plan for the corridor.

53. WileyEurope :: Superconducting Levitation: Applications To Bearings And Magnetic on superconductivity, and demonstrates the key roles that magnetics, mechanics anddynamics play in the complete understanding of magnetic levitation and its http://www.wileyeurope.com/cda/product/0,,0471559253||2656,00.html

Shopping Cart My Account Help Contact Us By Keyword By Title By Author By ISBN By ISSN WileyEurope Superconducting Levitation: Applications to Bearings and Magnetic Transportation Related Subjects General Electromagnetic Theory Electromagnetic Compatibility Noise in Electronic Systems Superconductors ... Electrochemistry Related Titles By This Author Applied Dynamics: With Applications to Multibody and Mechatronic Systems (Hardcover) Chaotic and Fractal Dynamics: An Introduction for Applied Scientists and Engineers (Hardcover) An Introduction to Modern Electronics (Hardcover) William L. Faissler Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Jacques Dupont-Roc, Gilbert Grynberg Photons and Atoms: Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics (Hardcover) Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Jacques Dupont-Roc, Gilbert Grynberg Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd Edition (Hardcover) John David Jackson Claude Cohen-Tannoudji, Jacques Dupont-Roc, Gilbert Grynberg Superconducting Levitation: Applications to Bearings and Magnetic Transportation Francis C. Moon

54. Science Fair Project, Magnetic Levitation, Floating Globe, Levitating Globe, Lev magnetic levitation Engine magnetic levitation Engine levitates withno strings, wires or gimmicks. Great for Science Fair Projects http://www.gumas.netfirms.com/hover_engine.htm

Magnetic Levitation Engine Magnetic Levitation Engine levitates with no strings, wires or gimmicks. Great for Science Fair Projects, Experimenting, or just Having Fun Fascinating new Technology enables a whole new world of Hovering Possibilities. Our Hover Engine and your creative Genius. Imagine the possibilities .... What's The Secret? Hover Engine Controller - Using the latest Microprocessor Technology and Digital Signal Processing techniques, this Controller makes thousands of calculations each second to determine the amount of magnetic flux to apply to keep the object hovering. This technology is so advanced that we have applied for Patent Protection. Levitation Head - Electromagnet with integrated Field Sensor performs the work of levitation. This does the pulling and pushing switching between pushing and pulling thousands of times a second to supply just the right amount of lift to achieve a perfect hover. Magnet - You attach this to the item you want to lift (Pen, Ping Pong Ball, Coin, Foam Globe, Photographs, Toy Spaceships, Planes, Cars ... how far will your imagination take you?). And now You can get your very own Hover Engine Order Now Your Hover Engine including Controller Board, Levitation Head with Flex Circuit cable, Power Supply, and magnet all for

55. TEA-21 - Fact Sheet: Magnetic Levitation Transportation Technology Deployment Pr magnetic levitation TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM. Year. 1997.1998. 1999. 2000. 2001. 2002. 2003. Contract Authority. 0. 0. $15M. $20M. $25M.0. 0. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/tea21/factsheets/r-maglev.htm

TEA-21 - Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century Moving Americans into the 21st Century Fact Sheet TEA-21 Home DOT Home Fact Sheet Index MAGNETIC LEVITATION TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT PROGRAM Year Contract Authority Authorization (subject to appropriation) Program Purpose The magnetic levitation transportation technology deployment program encourages the development and construction of an operating transportation system employing magnetic levitation capable of safe use by the public at a speed in excess of 240 miles per hour. [1218] Funding Features Contract authority out of the Highway Account of the Highway Trust Fund is provided for fiscal years 1999-2001 totaling $60 million. $55 million is available to fund preconstruction planning activities and design/construction of the selected project. $5 million is available only for research and development grants related to low-speed superconductivity maglev technology for public transportation purposes in urban areas. An authorization for an appropriation out of the Highway Account of the HTF is provided for an additional $950 million over fiscal years 2000-2003. These funds would have to be appropriated by the Congress before they would be available for expenditure. An eligible maglev project would also be eligible for other forms of financial assistance provided in Title 23, United States Code, and TEA-21, including loans, loan guarantees, and lines of credit. [1218]

56. Magnetic Levitation Meisner Effect and magnetic levitation. Demonstrates magnetic levitationabove a perfectly diamagnetic material at 77 K. Video system optional. http://bednorzmuller87.phys.cmu.edu/demonstrations/electricityandmagnetism/super

Meisner Effect and Magnetic Levitation Demonstrates magnetic levitation above a perfectly diamagnetic material at 77 K. Video system optional.

57. A 3 DOF Hanging Type Magnetic Levitation System A 3 DOF Hanging Type magnetic levitation System with Permanent Magnet Motion ControlUsing Piezoelectric Actuator. 3 DOF Hanging Type magnetic levitation System. http://www.intellect.pe.u-tokyo.ac.jp/research/hang_maglev/hang_maglev_e.html

A 3 DOF Hanging Type Magnetic Levitation System with Permanent Magnet Motion Control Using Piezoelectric Actuator Keywords: Magnetic Levitation, Piezoelectric Actuator, Permanent Magnet Abstract A type of magnetic levitation system with permanent magnet motion control has been already proposed. The feature is to control attractive force of permanent magnet using actuator. Based on this principle, a 1 DOF hanging type magnetic levitation system has been developed. The levitated object hangs from the upper ferromagnetic ceiling. This system had problem that the levitated object swings. Next step is development of a 3 DOF magnetic levitation system. A 3 DOF magnetic levitation system that can control the DOFs of the rotation about horizontal axes is developed. This paper describes the success of a 3 DOF magnetic levitation system using permanent magnets and piezoelectric actuators. INTRODUCTION The need for a very clean environment is increasing in such areas as semiconductor processing and biotechnological experiments. During conveyance and handling of an object, dust and particles are generated from contact points. The conveyance vehicles used in these areas must eliminate contamination. Thus mechanical contacts are the prime origins of dust and particle generation. A non-contact conveyance mechanism is good solution for clean environment applications. Most of magnetic levitation system is a type of system which controls attractive force of electromagnet by varying electric current. Also, a type of magnetic levitation system which controls attractive force of permanent magnet by varying air gap length has been already proposed

58. Development Initiatives: Magnetic Levitation (MAGLEV) Home Development Initiatives magnetic levitation (MAGLEV). SubCategories, http://www.baltimoredevelopment.com/initiatives_maglev.shtml

Contact BDC Links Search Home ... Development Initiatives Sub-Categories Contact BDC (T) 410.837.9305 (F) 410.837.6363 36 S. Charles St. Suite 1600 Baltimore, MD Fill out our online form Email Us Report a dead link Magnetic Levitation (MAGLEV) Magnetic levitation or Maglev refers to a super speed train levitated above a guideway by magnets. Using electricity, the magnets also propel the train on a cushion of air at speeds up to 300 miles per hour. Recently Congress approved TEA 21 - the largest transportation bill in history - that included $1.1 billion for Maglev deployment. Of the $1.1 billion for Maglev, the first $60 million has been spent on studies of the technology in seven corridors nationally. Based on the results of the studies, the US Department of Transportation will select one project to receive $950 million in federal construction funds. The Maglev Maryland project has moved into high gear. Phyllis Wilkins, Executive Director of Maglev Maryland for Baltimore Development Corporation (BDC), has been coordinating the regional effort since its inception working with the Departments of Transportation for Maryland and Washington, DC. Maryland Mass Transit Administration (MTA) is managing the study being conducted by a consulting team. In 1992, Maryland received a grant to perform the first Maglev feasibility study through the ISTEA transportation bill. The feasibility study released in 1994 has been widely recognized as one of the finest in the country and is the foundation for the current study efforts.

59. Magnetic Levitation To Malebo Pool. Alphabetic Index To Entries. The Columbia En magnetic levitation to Malebo Pool. Alphabetic Index to Entries. 2001. magneticlevitation to Malebo Pool. magnetic levitation. magnetic pole. magnetic pyrite. http://www.bartleby.com/65/index148.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. magnetic levitation to Malebo Pool magnetic levitation magnetic pole magnetic pyrite magnetic resonance ... Magnolia, city, United States

60. Magnetic Levitation Transportation Issues Hearing on. magnetic levitation Transportation Issues. BACKGROUND The Subcommitteewill conduct a hearing to examine magnetic levitation transportation issues. http://www.house.gov/transportation/rail/06-21-01/06-21-01memo.html

The Subcommittee on Railroads Hearing on Magnetic Levitation Transportation Issues TABLE OF CONTENTS Click on Section BACKGROUND WITNESSES BACKGROUND The Subcommittee will conduct a hearing to examine magnetic levitation transportation issues. Magnetic levitation (maglev) is an advanced technology in which magnetic forces lift, propel, and guide a vehicle over a guideway. Utilizing state-of-the-art electric power and control systems, this configuration eliminates contact between vehicle and guideway. Maglev systems, although not yet in revenue service, have been demonstrated to operate at speeds around 300 miles per hour (mph). High-speed passenger trains such as the European TGV and ICE systems, using flanged wheels and steel rails, have also reached speeds approaching the 300 mph level on dedicated rights-of-way. Because of its high acceleration and cruising speed, maglev offers competitive trip-time savings to auto and aviation modes in the 40 to 600-mile travel markets. By comparison, current U.S. passenger trains such as the Amtrak Metroliners operate at up to 125 mph on parts of the Northeast Corridor. The new Acela high-speed trains used by Amtrak are capable of 150 mph, but in most areas except the newly electrified New Haven-Boston segment of the Northeast Corridor, they are limited to about 130 mph by the infrastructure. The Maglev Deployment Program in TEA 21 In 1998 Congress passed the "Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century" (TEA 21), which created a National Magnetic Levitation Transportation Technology Deployment Program. The program is to demonstrate high-speed maglev technology in commercial service through a project of about 40 miles in length.

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