61. COINS OF MARATHAS The term Gadyana has been used to represent a gold coin of 48 rattis or approximately5.2 gms in a famous book Lilawati, written by bhaskaracharya. http://www.med.unc.edu/~nupam/maratha1.html

COINS OF MARATHAS The Marathas were the single most formadible Hindu power who made a successful attempt for supremacy of whole of Indian subcontinent on decline of Mughals in seventeenth century. The origin of Marathas can be traced back to reign of Emperor Ashok who ruled in 2nd century BC. It is inscribed in rock eddicts that he sent his missionaries to the Rashtrikas, the dwellers of Dandaka forest. These fierce independent minded people called themselves Maha-rashtrikas ( Maha means great). In course of time the country that they occupied came to know as Maharashtra ( Maha means great, rashtra means country) and its people called themselves Marathas/Maharashtrians. It's not very appropriate to catagorise following dynasties into Marathas and some historian might object my classfication. But for sake of simplicity, all the following dynsties which ruled Maharashtra and other neighbouring southern states of modern India have been categorised as dynasties of Maharashtra (after all, the states have been formed less than 50 years back while these dynasties ruled 1000 years back). The Early Chalukyas of Vatapi or Eastern Chalukyas The first ancient dynasty of Maharashtra was Satavahanas,

62. History Of Indian Science And Technology: History Of Physics And Chemistry Essay outlining developments in the study of physics and chemistry in India. Lists some of the early Category Society History By Topic Science...... bhaskaracharya (12th C), in his Siddhanta Siromani and Ganitadhyaya, took a crucialfirst step in quantification, and measured average velocity as v=s/t (where http://india_resource.tripod.com/physics.htm

Get Five DVDs for $.49 each. Join now. Tell me when this page is updated SOUTH ASIAN HISTORY Pages from the history of the Indian sub-continent: Science and Technology in India History of the Physical Sciences in India In all early civilizations, the study of the physical sciences was neither formalized nor separated from other branches of knowledge. And at least initially, there were few conscious attempts to study the theory of science independently of the practical innovations and technologies that required some application of scientific principles. In most cases, technological discoveries took place without any knowledge of the underlying scientific principles, through hit and trial, and by experience. Sometimes there was a vague or approximate awareness of the science, but the predominant focus remained on the utilitarian aspects of the technique, on practical efficacy, as opposed to how and why something worked or didn't work. In India, the earliest applications of chemistry took place in the context of medicine, metallurgy, construction technology (such as manufacture of cement and paints) and in textile production and dyeing. But in the process of understanding chemical processes, there also emerged a concomitant interest in attempting to describe the basic elements of matter - what they were composed of, and how they interacted with each other to produce new substances. Natural phenomenon were studied in the context of tides, rainfall, appearance of the sun, the moon and stellar formations, changes in season, weather patterns and agriculture.

63. Sanal forgotten! bhaskaracharya II gave specific details of gravity hundredyears before Newton. Why bhaskaracharya was not recognized? http://www.sanalnair.org/india/

World over renewed interests are observed on ancient Indian scientific and spiritual knowledge. Series of research activities are undertaken by Universities and research institutions in many countries. True search of good, adoptable and useful scientific observations on Indian approaches on all aspects of life are being conducted by scholars. Results of these studies are astounding. Yoga has found a respectable place in the medical curriculum and medical books published even from America. Quantum holistic healing is finding its benefit for many diseases. Vedic mathematics is getting into the school and college syllabus in many countries of Europe and UK. Medicinal plants and Indian alternatives for eco-friendly pesticides are going into large scale production and utilization in developed countries. Vegetarianism is becoming a precious life style. Meditation goes into stress relief in homes and production centres. The crude tribal medicines go for curing even complicated health problems. Effect of mantras are being studies under a new brand name 'psycholingustic effects'. Curative property of turmeric and pesticidal activity of neem are hot subjects in patenting and so on, many are in the list .. To conclude the advantages and usefulness of ancient Indian knowledge, it may be better

64. Indian Lasting Achivments 1200 YEARS BEFORE NEWTON. The attraction of gravity was early known bya really old Indian astronomer named bhaskaracharya. His notes said. http://wilmette.nttc.org/highcrest/ancientciv/amy/jaison /indian_lasting_achivme

Lasting Achievements From Ancient India MATHEMATICS ASTRONOMY PLASTIC SURGERIES GEOMETRY MATHEMATICS "We owe a lot to Indians( the Ancient culture of India), who taught us how to count , without which no worthwhile scientific discovery could have been made." (Albert Einstein) India have invented the number we call "Zero." If the Zero did not exist,there would be no computers and number system. Counting would also be clumsy and hard. For example, if Romans would want to write down the distance between the Earth and the sun, they would write M zillions of time. But in the Indian system it would be written as 93,000,000 miles. ASTRONOMY Indian astronomers had been studding and mapping parts of the sky for about 3,500 years. 1000 YEARS BEFORE COPERNICUS 1000 years before Copernicus published his findings of the Earth, Aryabhatta, during the 5th century said his theory about the Earth in his own words, "Just as a person traveling in a boat feels that the trees on the bank are moving, people on Earth feel that the Sun is moving." (Aryabhatta) On his speech, Aryabhatta said that the Earth orbits the Sun and most importantly said that the earth is round. (Romans thought that the Earth was flat and that if they kept sailing they would fall off the Earth). Then Aryabhatta added information about the lunar rays and solar rays that changes the temperature of the Earth.

65. Favourites like Ashoka 1,2 , shrewd politician like Chanakya 1,2 , military brilliance likeShivaji 1,2,3 , eminent scientist like Aryabhttya, bhaskaracharya, Dr. CV Raman http://www.ce.jhu.edu/sdas/favourites.htm

Favourites Home Academics Photo Album Chronology [ Favourites ] My country, India has inspired the world for more than 9000 years (yes, nine thousand years !) history of which spans from the period of Vedic age , Harappa-Mohenjodaro , Ramayana , Mahabharata , Mughal dynasty (during this period Tajmahal , one of the eight wonders of the world was constructed), British dynasty to the Independent India . Spiritual genius like Buddha Swami Vivekananda , greatest emperor like Ashoka , shrewd politician like Chanakya , military brilliance like Shivaji , eminent scientist like Aryabhttya Bhaskaracharya Dr. C. V. Raman Dr. J. C. Bose ... Sathyendranath Bose are from India Jhansi Lakshmi Bai Bhagat Singh , Netaji (check this recent article ), Mahatma Gandhi Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel and Nehru are among many great patriots for whom we got our present independent India. Great personalities like Rabindranath Tagore and Satyajit Ray are also from India. Mother Teresa spent almost full of her life in India. Prof Amartya Sen Dr. Abdul Kalam Ajad

66. Indian Institute Of Scientific Heritage Was Established On The Sravana Pournami 1602, Mahabhaskareeya of bhaskaracharya I ( Astronomy and mathematics),1603, Laghubhaskareeya of bhaskaracharya I ( Astronomy and mathematics), http://www.iish.org/publications4.htm

PUBLICATIONS OF INDIAN INSTITUTE OF SCIENTIFIC HERITAGE Publications brought out during the last two months Series No Subject Science of living (English) Indian astronomical knowledge 1300 years ago HERITAGE CD LECTURE SERIES (MP 3 format) Series No Subject Indian scientific heritage Part I (English) Indian scientific Heritage Part II (English) Bharatheeya sastra paithrukam Part I (Malayalam) Bharatheeya Sastra Paithrukam Part II (Malayalam) HERITAGE VIDEO SERIES Series No Subject Ancient Indian technology on granite Technological heritage of India HERITAGE POPULAR LECTURE SERIES Series No Subject Bharatheeya samskareeka paithrukam (Malayalam) HERITAGE TAMIL LECTURE SERIES Series No Subject Indu unarve deseeya unarvu Matham mattam sanathana dharmathukku savaal Brahma chaithanyam HERITAGE PUNYA DARSANAM VIDEO CD SERIES Series No Subject Bharatha darsanam Bharatha darsanam HERITAGE ANCIENT BOOK CD SERIES Series No Subject Mahabhaskareeya of Bhaskaracharya I ( Astronomy and mathematics) Laghubhaskareeya of Bhaskaracharya I ( Astronomy and mathematics) Vateswra siddhanta ( astronomy and mathematics) SANATHANAM AUDIOS (IISH ERNAKULAM CHAPTER)

67. Start.htm Mathematics Linear Algebra. Hungerian Problems. Mathematical Contests (Abtall olympiad business..). bhaskaracharya Pratishthan, Pune. Wavelets. Geometry. http://rishi.serc.iisc.ernet.in/~vikrant/webs.html

WEBS I LIKE..!!!! The web eye liked most..... www.eye4u.com Computers Found some hacks!?!.....(currently not working) GNU...="A concept" Mathematics: Linear Algebra Hungerian Problems Mathematical Contests...(Abt all olympiad business..) Bhaskaracharya Pratishthan, Pune ... Geometry

68. Ekatmata Stotra - 26 These are the great Indian Scientists whom we must not forget Kanaada Rishi, Sushruta( the great Indian Surgeon), Charaka, bhaskaracharya, Varahamihira, http://www.freeindia.org/ekatmata_stotra/page26.htm

Search EKATMATA STOTRA Vaijnaanikaashcha Kapilah Charako Bhaaskaraachaaryo Translation: These are the great Indian Scientists whom we must not forget : Kanaada Rishi, Sushruta ( the great Indian Surgeon), Charaka Bhaskaracharya Varahamihira [FIRST] ... [INDEX] Ekatmata Stotra Ekatmata Stotra-Index Ekatmata Stotra-1 Ekatmata Stotra-2 Ekatmata Stotra-3 ... Privacy Statement The Hindu Universe is a HinduNet Inc., website.

69. Winning By Numbers haul of medals in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) over the years, butthey are the distinguished alumni of the bhaskaracharya Pratishthana the http://expressindia.com/ie/daily/19980725/20651264.html

The Indian Express The Financial Express Latest News EIW ... States Saturday, July 25, 1998 Winning by numbers ANURADHA SHAH PUNE, July 24: What'S common between Chetan Balwe, Tejas Iyer, Unmesh Kulkarni, Sachin Lodha and Kaustubh Deshmukh? The lads have not only made their country proud by fetching a rich haul of medals in the International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) over the years, but they are the distinguished alumni of the Bhaskaracharya Pratishthana the premier institute which has placed Pune on the international mathematical map. This year, Indian students won three gold and three silver medals at the 39th IMO at Taipei in Taiwan. Chetan Balwe from Pune struck gold in the olympiad, where on the basis of the aggregate scores of all the contestants, the Indian team was placed seventh in the world. The IMO is a unique competition to discover, challenge and encourage mathematically gifted young students all over the world. While the IMO was started in 1959 in Romania, the Indian participation was sponsored by the National Board for Higher Mathematics (NBHM) of the department of atomic energy and the Human Resource Development Ministry from 1985. It took nearly four years to initially prepare teachers before the first Indian team (which included Pune's Unmesh Kulkarni) secured four bronze medals in 1989. Renowned mathematician Shriram Abhyankar, who set up the Bhasakaracharya Pratishthana way back in 1984 to develop it as a centre for advanced mathematical research, soon found that paucity of funds was affecting the project. While the initial orientation lectures were held at the Fergusson College since 1985, it was in 1992 that the Pratishthana took over as the regional centre for states of Maharashtra and Goa for scouting talent and promoting mathematical olympiad activity.

70. Astrologia Tempi Moderni Translate this page Al grande matematico indiano bhaskaracharya, che visse circa 11 secoli fa, va ilmerito della scoperta del principio del calcolo differenziale. La Geometria. http://www.armonics.net/articoli/astr_moderni.htm

L’Astrologia e la Sua Importanza nei Tempi Moderni di Gayatri Devi Vasudev I popoli delle tante nazioni qui rappresentate sono legati da un’amicizia grande e incoraggiante. La Visione degli Antichi Saggi La Matematica Al grande matematico indiano Bhaskaracharya, che visse circa 11 secoli fa, va il merito della scoperta del principio del calcolo differenziale. La Geometria L’Astronomia Il Maha Yuga Un Maha Yuga, che consiste di un Krita, un Treta, un Dwapara e un Kali Yuga o epoca, si estenderebbe a quattro milioni e trecento venti mila anni, durante i quali i pianeti completano un numero definito di rivoluzioni nel cielo e ritornano alle loro posizioni iniziali a loro relative - la fine del Revati (Zeta Piscium) e l’inizio di Aswini. La teoria degli Yuga ha ormai superato lo stadio del ridicolo e ha raggiunto lo status di teoria di tutto rispetto. La Causa Intelligente Antica come i Veda Si dice che i Veda siano Apourusheya o rivelati senza un’origine umana. Infatti gli studiosi fanno risalire il Vedanga Jyotisha al 5000 a.C. I Riferimenti nel Ramayana e nel Mahabharata Vyasa, quando incontra il Re Dhritarashtra prima della guerra, parla delle incombenti due settimane di 13 giorni come insolite e indicative di grandi stragi. Due eclissi che cadono durante due settimane di 13 giorni, sono temute come portatrici di presagi infausti.

71. Vidya Bharati Akhil Bharatiya Shisksha Sansthan bhaskaracharya’s book 'Lilavathi' is regarded as the first book on modern arithmetic.The Arabs learnt and adopted it from India and spread it to Europe. http://www.vidyabharati.org/quotedetailf.asp?sno=22

72. Why Science Declined In Ancient India With perhaps a solitary exception of bhaskaracharya of 12 to 14th century, therewas not a single activity in the sphere of scientific knowledge, roughly from http://www.ambedkar.org/research/Why_Science_Declined_In_Ancient_India.htm

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Buddhism News Flash Other Social Reformers ... Matrimonial Why Science Declined In Ancient India? Dr. K. Jamanadas, A learned medical specialist from Nagpur, in a recent article in lay press, while describing ancient medical sciences in India, has remarked that fall of science of surgery was because of 'ahimsa' taught by the Buddha. Though the remark was as an orbus dictum, it shows not only his ignorance of Indian history and of Buddhism, but also desire for making false charges on Buddhism due to, may be, his contempt for the Buddhists. The surgery was never considered 'himsa' by the Buddhists, nor for that matter by anybody. Certainly fall of sciences was not because of 'ahimsa' of the Buddha. Modern science is undoubtedly a contribution of the west. That way, in all societies, there were attempts of obstruction to progress of science. In India they got more success. There was a time in Indian history when Indian science was not only famous in the country, but it was so all over the world. If the progress of Indian science would have been maintained unhindered after the sixth century A.D., we Indians, today, would have been foremost in the scientific field. Golden era of Science in India From the ruins of Harappa and Mohenjodaro, it is clear that there existed a pre Aryan urban civilization of Dravidians, which went by the name of Nagas. It shows great development of town planning, water supply and urban facilities, sanitary drainage and granaries.

73. BitBis.com Acharya Narendra Dev College ARSD College bhaskaracharya College of AppliedSciences * College of Applied Sciences (W) Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College http://www.bitbis.com/du/bitbis/colleges/net/index.shtml

Colleges Offering BIT / BIS / * B. Sc (H) BIT - Bachelor of Information Technology Acharya Narendra Dev College Aditi Mahila Mahavidyala (W) College of Business Studies College of Vocational Studies ... SGTB Khalsa College BIS - Bachelor of Information Sciences Acharya Narendra Dev College ARSD College Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences College of Applied Sciences (W) ... BitBis.com

74. MIS Search BHARATI COLLEGE, DELHI. BHARTIYA VIDYA BHAWAN. bhaskaracharya COLLEGE OF APPLIEDSCIENCES. BIOINFORMATICS CENTER (BIC). BIRLA INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGY. http://www.indiaeducation.ernet.in/search/viewstate.asp?msgid=Delhi

75. [nukkad] Vedic Maths - 1 Europeans however, initially reluctant to use base 10 to represent numbers,inevitably began to use it in 1202 (during the time of bhaskaracharya). http://www.mumbai-central.com/nukkad/nov2001/msg00102.html

Site directory Today's news Film reviews likhaai ... Mumbai-Central.com Where Mumbaikars meet Total Clean Oil Solution Top Thread Index Date Prev ... Thread Index [nukkad] Vedic maths - 1 Subject : [nukkad] Vedic maths - 1 From : "Hemendra Bhanushali" < Date : 8 Nov 2001 12:09:59 -0000 Importance : Normal Organization : Mumbai Central Reply-To Tip of the day: Join the Mumbai Grapevine for daily news from Mumbai http://www.mumbai-central.com/grapevine/ http://www.mumbai-central.com/nukkad/archive.html References [nukkad] Insight India : 22 From: Prev by Date: [nukkad] freedom Next by Date: [nukkad] cranberry Prev by thread: [nukkad] Insight India : 22 Next by thread: [nukkad] Honest and natural selfishness; and two questions begging for answers Index(es): Date Thread Subscribe to nukkad Use the form below to subscribe or unsubscribe to the list. Your e-mail: Choice: Subscribe Un-subscribe [Prev Page][ Next Page Main Index Thread Index Site directory ... Donate Sponsored Link Sports and Fitness Get notified about site updates To get updates about the Mumbai-Central.com site via email (only 1-2 messages per month), sign up! Partner site: Pondy Central Created and maintained by WITS

76. List Of Scientists Scientists of the ancient world Aristotle Pythagorus Imhotep Ptolemy Euclid HypatiaBhaskara or bhaskaracharya. Scientists of the Middle Ages Frances Bacon. http://www.sbhsd.k12.ca.us/sbhslibrary/scientists.htm

77. Book Chapters: Technology. **bhaskaracharya, Raman, Nagendra Shah and *A. Friedhuber. Ultrastructure Society.78. Shah, Nagendra and **Raman bhaskaracharya. Texture http://research.vu.edu.au/98research/el98.html

SCHOOL OF LIFE SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY Book Chapters: Boon, Paul and *P. Bailey. "Implications of Nutrient Enrichment for Management of Primary Productivity in Wetlands." Wetlands in a Dry Land. Ed. William Williams. Canberra: Environment Australia. 223-35. *Robertson, A., Paul Boon, *S. Bunn, *G. Ganf, *A. Herzceg, *T. Hillman and *K. Walker. "Requirements for Future Investigations of the Carbon Cycle in River Systems of the Murray-Darling Basin." 1996 Riverine Environment Forum. Ed. Robert Banens. Canberra: Murray-Darling Basin Commission. 49-60. Journal Articles: *Bidwell, J., *K. Wheeler and Trevor Burridge. "Toxicant Effects on the Zoospore Stage of the Marine Macroalga Ecklonia radiata Marine Ecology-Progress Series. Bigger, Stephen and *R. Craig. "Computer-simulated Conductimetric Titrimetry." Education in Chemistry. Bigger, Stephen, *J. Scheirs and *G. Camino. "An Investigation of the Kinetics of Cellulose Degradation under Non-isothermal Conditions." Polymer Degradation and Stability. Boon, Paul. "Biological Control of Algal Blooms in Australian Fresh Waters." Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management.

78. Alumni.NET - Asia> India> Delhi> Pusa Campus University/College bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences Indian AgriculturalResearch Institute Industrial Training Institute (ITI) Institute of Hotel http://www.alumni.net/Asia/India/Delhi/Pusa_Campus/

SEARCH FOR : Organization Location Member All of Alumni.NET in Pusa Campus Member Login Email Address: Password: Remember me (What's this?) Forgot password? Not yet a member? Join Now for FREE Alumni.NET Survey Do you think a major conflict between India and Pakistan can be averted? (Select one) Yes No Current Results Suggest New Topic List All Surveys World ... Pusa Campus University/College Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences Indian Agricultural Research Institute Industrial Training Institute (ITI) Institute of Hotel Management ... Pusa Polytechnic High School Company K.V.Enterprises Generic Ihm Pusa Add organization First Time User? Search, Browse, and Signup to Reunite with your old friends! Over 86,000 School, Corporate, and Generic Alumni Registries. Help Link to us Affiliates About Us ... Infophil.COM

79. Bhaskaracharya College Of Applied Sciences Alumni Registry Arithmetic was discovered by Indians in about 2nd Century BC. bhaskaracharya’sbook Lilavathi is regarded as the first book on modern arithmetic. http://www.alumni.net/Asia/India/Delhi/Pusa_Campus/Bhaskaracharya_College_of_App

SEARCH FOR : Member All of Alumni.NET in Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences Pusa Campus, Delhi, India Organization Type: University/College Member Login Email Address: Password: Remember me (What's this?) Forgot password? Not yet a member? Join Now for FREE World Asia India ... Bhaskaracharya College of Applied Sciences View Member Directory New and updated members Student By Last Name By Last Year Faculty By Last Name By Last Year Employee By Last Name By Last Year Sub-Organization MindbenD Add sub-organization New Bulletin Board Articles No Messages Post message Related Links No Related Links Add Organization Link The availability of the registry service to the alumni does not constitute an official endorsement of Alumni.NET, its staff or services, by the organization. First Time User? Search, Browse, and Signup to Reunite with your old friends! Over 86,000 School, Corporate, and Generic Alumni Registries. Help Link to us Affiliates About Us ... Infophil.COM

80. Acharya Kanaknandi And Jainism trigonometry and value of pi (¶). bhaskaracharya discovered the principleof gravitation 500 years before Newton. He said that earth http://www.jainkanaknandi.org/speech1.html

WWW.JAINKANAKNANDI.ORG ENGLISH HINDI Let Peace Prevail Live and Let Live Introduction Acharya Kanaknandi Jain Philosophy Institution ... Home What'sNew Seminar '2002 Downloads wallpaper screensaver cards calendar audio excerpts video excerpts Search Site Map Web Links Contribute Add a Site Tell a Friend Guest Book INDIA THE LAND OF ORIGIN OF KNOWLEDGE AND SCIENCE Just as seed is needed to grow a tree, past civilisation and culture is needed by every country and society, for we make progress by learning from past events and traditions. To study only history is to dig the rotten carcass. Truly, history is that which describes the biography of great people and provides inspiration. We study history for studying the lives of the great people, following the ideals of whom we can make our country the world leader. India was once a world leader because every branch of modern science existed here. There are 72 kinds of skills of art, out of which two are most note-worthy. First is livelihood, which includes business, craft, art, literature, history and Puranas (religious history). Second is salvation of being! I shall briefly describe here how India possessed all spiritual and material knowledge under these 72 skills. First of all I would like to state that just as all suns, moons, planets, stars and universe are located in the sky similarly the entire knowledge and science have originated from omnicients.

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