81. Nothing The guffaw of the abderite refers, of course, to democritus of abdera, whoseattitude to human folly earned him the title of the 'laughing philosopher'. http://www.bbk.ac.uk/eh/eng/conf/anotherbeckett/sheehan/real.html

5 Nothing Is More Real A different state obtains in Murphy , in chapter 11. After a particularly taxing game of chess with Mr Endon, one of the asylum inmates, Murphy falls into a trancelike state, and loses touch with his surroundings: "Then this also faded and Murphy began to see nothing, that colourlessness which is such a rare postnatal treat, being the absence (to abuse a nice distinction) not of percipere but of percipi ." Murphy achieves a state akin to the positive peace that comes when the somethings give way, or perhaps simply add up, to the Nothing, than which in the guffaw of the abderite naught is more real. Time did not cease, that would be asking too much, but the wheel of rounds and pauses did, as Murphy with his head among the armies continued to suck in, through all the posterns of his withered soul, the accidentless One-and-Only, conveniently called Nothing. Beckett once suggested that "naught is more real" could be seen as a crucial "point of departure" for studying his work.

82. Anaxarchus [Internet Encyclopedia Of Philosophy] 4th century BCE philosopher of abdera, from the school of democritus. http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/a/anaxarch.htm

Anaxarchus (4th cn. BCE.) Anaxarchus was a philosopher of Abdera, from the school of Democritus, who flourished about the 110th Olympiad. He is remembered for having lived with Alexander and enjoyed his confidence. When Alexander was torn with regret for having killed his faithful Clitus, Anaxarchus said, "kings, like the gods, could do no wrong." Anaxarchus was addicted to pleasure. It was because of this (and not because of the apathy and tranquillity of his life) that he obtained the surname of "the Fortunate." Cicero relates a story that Anaxarchus was pounded to death in an iron mortar by Nicocreon, king of Cyprus, in revenge for the advice which he gave to Alexander, to serve up the head of that prince at an entertainment. IEP

83. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries democritus from abdera democritus from abdera (460 370 BC) the greatest, the mostimportant Greek philosopher engaged with the problem of world's structure. http://library.thinkquest.org/28383/nowe_teksty/htmla/bdemokryta.html

Welcome to the ThinkQuest Internet Challenge of Entries The web site you have requested, Quanta and Atoms - the elementary approach , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Quanta and Atoms - the elementary approach click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... Quanta and Atoms - the elementary approach click here to view this site A ThinkQuest Internet Challenge 1999 Entry Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption Students Tomasz XIV LO im. Stanislawa Staszica Poland Grzegorz XIV LO im. Stanislawa Staszica Poland Gabriela XLIX L.O. im Johanna Wolfganga Goethego Poland Coaches Stanislaw XIV L.O. im Stanislawa Staszica w Warsza Poland Joanna XLIX L.O. im Johanna Wolfganga Goethego Poland Konrad Poland

84. Democritus Van Abdera democritus. democritus (460 370 vC) is voornamelijk bekend vanwegezijn atoomtheorie die hij samen met zijn Leucippus bedacht heeft. http://mediatheek.thinkquest.nl/~lla015/biografie/Democritus.html

Democritus Democritus (460 - 370 v.C.) is voornamelijk bekend vanwege zijn atoomtheorie die hij samen met zijn Leucippus bedacht heeft. Omdat die atoomtheorie elders behandeld wordt, zullen we er hier niet verder op ingaan.

85. The Atomistic Philosophy Of Leucippus And Democritus Leucippus and democritus abdera, 460 370 BC. With the work of Leucippusand democritus ancient Greek philosophy reaches its zenith http://www.thebigview.com/greeks/democritus.html

Leucippus and Democritus [Abdera, 460 - 370 BC] With the work of Leucippus and Democritus ancient Greek philosophy reaches its zenith when the initial question of Thales after the true nature of matter culminated 180 years later in the subtle concept of atoms, which bears an amazing resemblance to the twentieth century's view of chemistry. For this reason, Leucippus and Democritus have undoubtedly deserved the first price for the best guess in antiquity, as far as natural science is concerned. Unfortunately their contemporaries did not share their views with the same enthusiasm. Leucippus is a very shadowy figure; his exact dates are unknown, some even say he never existed, but it is likely that he was a contemporary of Empedocles (around 440 BC) and that he came either from Miletus or from Elea. Democritus, who was a disciple of Leucippus, is a more certain figure. He was born 460 BC in Abdera in the north of Greece and died at the age of 90 years, after leaving an expansive work elaborating his philosophy including the atomistic theory in great detail. Democritus has written approximately 70 books and hence overshadows his master by far. Unfortunately none of his writings remained intact, but a great deal of what he said has survived in Epicurus. The atomistic theory began as an endeavor to overcome the odd logical consequences of the Eleatic school. Leucippus and Democritus did not accept the Eleatic hypothesis that "everything is one" and that change and motion is an illusion. Parmenides had said the void is a fiction, because saying the void exists would mean to say there is something that is nothing, which he thought is a contradiction in itself, but he was deceived by thinking of "being" in the sense of "material being". Thinking of the void as real would have overthrown Parmenides' theory, because allowing the void to exist as "space bereft of body" (Aristotle) with adjoining plenums implies the opposite of classical monism.

86. TMTh:: DEMOCRITUS democritus travelled widely, visiting Egypt, Babylon, Persia, possibly India, andAthens and great wealth in the process; so that he returned to abdera a poor http://www.tmth.edu.gr/en/aet/4/36.html

Home Ancient Greek Scientists AGRICULTURALISTS ARCHITECTS ... PHYSICISTS MATHEMATICIAN, ASTRONOMER, PHYSICIST DEMOCRITUS (fl. 460-370 BC) Life Democritus was a man with an all-embracing mind, as is evident from the scope of his writings, of which unfortunately only fragments remain. His philosophy incorporates virtually the entire body of knowledge of his age, while in their impressively comprehensive range his works can only be compared with those of Aristotle. Work According to Diogenes Laertius, Democritus wrote some 70 treatises; of these, only fragments survive in the works of later writers. His most important works (by general category) are: 1. PHYSICS (books 25): "Great World System (Megas Diakosmos) ", ""Lesser World System" (Micros Diakosmos), ", "Cosmography", "On the planets", "On nature", "On the nature of man", "On the mind", "On senses", "On flavours", "On colours", "On the different states", "On successions of states", "Determining forces", "On images", "On the rules of logic´", "On disputed points", "Celestial causes" (celestial mechanics), "Causes relating to air" (aerostatics), "Causes relating to the plane" (statics), "Origins of fire and of fiery states" (heat and thermodynamics), "Origin of sounds" (acoustics), "Origin s f seeds and plants and fruits" (biology), "Origins of animals a, b, c" (zoology), "Origins of divers things" (miscellany), "On minerals" (mineralogy). 2. MATHEMATICS (5 books): "On a difference of opinion or on the contact between a circle and a sphere", "On geometry", "Geometry", "Numbers", "On irrational lines and solids".

87. Democritus Upon his return to abdera, democritus was broke and had no means ofsupport. Therefore his brother took him in and supported him. http://personal.ecu.edu/mccartyr/ancient/athens/Democritus.htm

Democritus Democritus was a Greek Philosopher who lived between 470 BC and 380 BC in Abdera, Thrace; a northern territory of Greece. He is by far the most influential of the Presocratic philosophers. He was best known for his atomic theory, even though he did produce a number of works dealing with areas such as Physics, astronomy, biology, ethics, mathematics and grammar. During this summary of his life, I would like to discuss the history of Democritus and some of the teachings that he produced. During his studies of philosophy, Democritus produced a number of works; approximately 73 works or papers and about 50 books. Of all of these, none of the books exist today and merely a fragment of his works exist. For some reason, all of his books were destroyed during the third and fifth centuries. However, we do have a list of the titles of these books thanks to Thrasyllus who catalogued all of them and arranged them into tetralogies, the same way he did Plato's. Some of the works that Democritus produced have an effect on western science even today, by way of Epicurus; a follower of Democritus. Democritus was a very interesting philosopher. He lived during a time of great learning and a number of different theories on how everything began, including life and the universe. He seems to have had a good grasp on what existence is and how it came about. However, he answers the question of how atoms are randomly moving things, but he does not tell us why they move randomly or how they began to move randomly.

88. Index Of Ancient Greek Philosophers - Scientists Also belonged to the school of Sophists. His pupils include Socrates andEuripides. democritus (abdera, Thrace, 470380 BC). Greek philosopher. http://www.ics.forth.gr/~vsiris/ancient_greeks/presocratics.html

PreSocratics (7th - 5th century B.C.) Period marking the begining of science, as well as the development of literature, arts, politics, and philosophy. During these years, the city-states (polis in Greek) flourish. These include the Sparta and Athens. Within this period the Ionian school of natural philosophy was founded by Thales of Miletus . This is considered the first school for speculating about nature in a scientific way, hence signifies the birth of science. The Pythagorean brotherhood is formed by Pythagoras of Samos . This society performed a great deal of progress in mathematics, but also had mystical beliefs. In addition to the Ionian and Pythagorian, other schools of this period include the Eleatic , the Atomists, and the Sophists All philosophers - scientists up to Democritus are considered to be PreSocratics. Philosophers-Scientists Thales of Miletus (624-560 B.C.). Astronomer, mathematician and philosopher. Learned astronomy from the Babylonians. Founder of the Ionian school of natural philosophy. Predicted the solar eclipse on May 28, 585. Proved general geometric propositions on angles and triangles. Considered water to be the basis of all matter. He believed that the Earth floated in water. Used the laws of prospectives to calculate the height of the pyramids. Links: Thales of Miletus, Encyclopedia Britannica

89. Index Of Ancient Greek Scientists Conon (Samos, 300? BC). Greek mathematician. democritus (abdera,Thrace, 470-380 BC). Greek philosopher. Expanded the concept http://www.ics.forth.gr/~vsiris/ancient_greeks/whole_list.html

not complete Agatharchos. Greek mathematician. Discovered the laws of perspectives. Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (480-430 B.C.). Greek philosopher. Believed that a large number of seeds make up the properties of materials, that heavenly bodies are made up of the same materials as Earth and that the sun is a large, hot, glowing rock. Discovered that the moon reflected light and formulated the correct theory for the eclipses. Erroneously believed that the Earth was flat. Links: Anaxagoras of Clazomenae, MIT Anaximander (610-545 B.C.). Greek astronomer and philosopher, pupil of Thales. Introduced the apeiron (infinity). Formulated a theory of origin and evolution of life, according to which life originated in the sea from the moist element which evaporated from the sun ( On Nature ). Was the first to model the Earth according to scientific principles. According to him, the Earth was a cylinder with a north-south curvature, suspended freely in space, and the stars where attached to a sphere that rotated around Earth. Links: Anaximander, Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy

90. Democritus (460?-370? BC) Born In Abdera, Thrace democritus (460?370? BC) born in abdera, Thrace. A Greek philosopherby the name of democritus developed the atomic theory of the http://www.msdlt.k12.in.us/chemcentral/StudentPPP/History/tsld003.htm

Democritus (460?-370? BC) born in Abdera, Thrace A Greek philosopher by the name of Democritus developed the atomic theory of the universe and created one of the earliest models describing the structure of matter. According to his theory, all things are made up of small, invisible, indivisible, and indestructible particles of matter, which he called atomos. He believed that these atoma moved eternally through an infinite space called kenon (the void). In his theory he explained that atoms were made precisely of the same “stuff” or matter but they differed in size, shape, location, and order. Previous slide Next slide Back to first slide View graphic version This page was last modified on May 21, 2000

91. Democritus (460?-370? BC) Born In Abdera, Thrace Slide 3 of 17. This page was last modified on May 21, 2000. http://www.msdlt.k12.in.us/chemcentral/StudentPPP/History/sld003.htm

Slide 3 of 17 This page was last modified on May 21, 2000

92. New-enlightenment After several years of travelling, democritus returned to abdera, withno means of subsistence. His brother Damosis, however, took him in. http://www.foundationlight.com/philosophers/democritus.htm

BACK BACK DEMOCRITUS Credit cannot be given to the tale that Democritus spent his leisure hours in chemical researches after the philosopher's stone the dream of a later age; or to the story of his conversation with Hippocrates concerning Democritus's supposed madness, as based on spurious letters. Democritus has been commonly known as "The Laughing Philosopher," and it is gravely related by Seneca that he never appeared in public with out expressing his contempt of human follies while laughing. Accordingly, we find that among his fellow-citizens he had the name of "the mocker". He died at more than a hundred years of age. It is said that from then on he spent his days and nights in caverns and sepulchres, and that, in order to master his intellectual faculties, he blinded himself with burning glass. The writers who mention it insofar as they say he wrote books and dissected animals, neither of which could be done well without eyes, however, discredit this story. Democritus expanded the atomic theory of Leucippus. He maintained the impossibility of dividing things

93. Democritus (ca. 460-371 BC) - By Miles Hodges We know that he came from a very respected (and wealthy) family from abdera inThrace. democritus was well traveled (certainly to Egypt and possibly Babylon http://www.newgenevacenter.org/biography/democritus2.htm

DEMOCRITUS (ca. 460 to 371 BC) Democritus: An Overview His Life and Works His Major Ideas His Legacy Links to Democritus' Writingsand More Information DEMOCRITUS: AN OVERVIEW Less well known to us today than Socrates, Plato or Aristotle is Democritus (mid-late 400s: a contemporary of Socrates) of Abdera (Thrace). In his own day he was widely recognized as a brilliant thinker who brought to the ancient Greek world the atomic theory of the cosmos. Basically his view was that all life is merely the composite structure of invisibly minute particles of hard matter: atoms. These atoms (eternal in their being) are structured into the more visible material we observe in our worldthrough laws of motion (also eternal in their existence). Democritus was also a profound materialist in his view of human life. To him life is simply patterns of motion of these soul-less atomsoperating in accordance with equally soul-less laws. The human soul itself is simply a brief pattern in the working of the atomsa pattern which forms in the human womb, developing and then breaking down over a human lifetime until it simply ceases to exist when we draw our last breath. To Democritus there was no such thing as eternal life. Likewise, God or Divinity was to him simply a construct of human thoughtand had no real existence in the cosmos. In so many ways Democritus anticipatedby thousands of yearsthe direction science would take in its development within the modern West!

94. Democritus'un Biyografisi abdera' li democritus, Trakya'da bir Iyon'ya kentinin bir kolonisinde dogmustur.Bu sehir, bugünkü Tasoz Adasinin karsisinda abdera' dir. http://matematikcecom.kolayweb.com/biyografi/democritus.htm

Democritus (M.Ö. 470 - 360) Abdera' lý Democritus, Trakya'da bir Ýyon'ya kentinin bir kolonisinde doðmuþtur. Bu þehir, bugünkü Taþoz Adasýnýn karþýsýnda Abdera' dýr. Babasý çok zengindi. Gezginci bir bilgin olan Democritus' un yüz yaþýndan fazla yaþadýðý sanýlmaktadýr. O zamanda; matematik, biyoloji, coðrafya, astronomi, gökbilimi, ekonomi ve sosyoloji gibi çok deðiþik sahalara yönelik bir bilgisi vardý. Ýnsanlarý konu alan çok sayýda yazýlar yazmýþtýr. Fakat, bu eserlerin birçoðu kaybolmuþ ve zamanýmýza kadar gelememiþtir. Democritus, maddenin çeþitli boyutlarda ve biçimlerde, deðiþik hýz dereceleri olan atomlardan oluþtuðu düþüncesiyle, ilk atom kuramýný ortaya atmýþtýr. Bu sözleri arasýnda atom kuramýnýn temelleri gizlidir. Hiç bir þey bir rastlantý sonucu ortaya çýkmaz. Ancak mantýk ya da bir gereksinme sonucu var olur. Hiç bir þey yoktan var edilemez ve var olan hiç bir þey de tümüyle yok edilemez. Evren, bir dýþ etkenle oluþturulmadýðý için de sonsuzdur. Var olan her þey atomlar ve bu atomlarýn arasýndaki boþluklardýr. Yunan dehasýnýn doðurduðu atomizm ve bu felsefe okulunun Leucippe'le beraber kurucusu sayýlýr. Democritus'un deli olduðunu söyleyen hemþehrileri onun, ünlü týp bilgini Hippocrates'ten muayene edilmesini isterler. Filozofu muayene eden Hippocrates, "Hasta deðil, pek büyük bir akýl ve deha" olduðunu söylemiþtir. En küçük atomdan tutunuz da en büyük yýldýza kadar her þeyin harekette olduðunu ta o zamanlar söylerdi. Bu kadar eski bir çaðda bu kadar ileri düþünceli bir bilgin daha görülmemiþtir. Eserlerinin birçoðu zamanýmýza kadar ulaþamamýþtýr. Matematik çalýþmalarý da çok ileri düzeydeydi. "Sayýlar", "Geometri", "Teðetler" ve "Ýrrasyoneller" belli baþlý eserleridir.

95. Democritus (b democritus was from abdera. Click here to see his birthplace http//wwwgroups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/BirthplaceMaps/Places/abdera.html. http://faculty.covenant.edu/davis/Atomism/Democritus.htm

Democritus Democritus (b. ~ 460), a follower of Leucippus was the developer and preeminent spokesman for the Atomist school. Democritus was from Abdera. Click here to see his birthplace: http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/BirthplaceMaps/Places/Abdera.html Democritus wrote over seventy volumes on a wide variety of topics ranging from Mathematics and Astronomy, and including the work The Little World System on Atomism. Supposedly over 300 quotes survive from other ancient philosophers. Return to Key Terms Return to Historical Setting Homepage Return to Atomism Homepage

96. Biography-center - Letter D democritus, www.homeworkcentral.com/files.htp?fileid=38172 use=hc; democritus ofAbdera, wwwhistory.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/democritus.html; http://www.biography-center.com/d.html

Visit a random biography ! Any language Arabic Bulgarian Catalan Chinese (Simplified) Chinese (Traditional) Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hebrew Hungarian Icelandic Indonesian Italian Japanese Korean Latvian Lithuanian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian Slovak Slovenian Spanish Swedish Turkish D 456 biographies www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Durer.html D'Alema, Massimo www.uwgb.edu/galta/333/BIOS98/DALEMA.HTM d'Alembert, Jean-le-Rond www.treasure-troves.com/bios/dAlembert.html d'Alembert, Jean www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/D'Alembert.html D'Inzeo, Raimondo www.olympic.org/uk/athletes/heroes/bio_uk.asp?PAR_I_ID=25085 Da Costa, Jacob Mendez www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2452.html Da Vinci, Leonardo www.ibiblio.org/wm/paint/auth/vinci/ Da Vinci, Leonardo www.kfki.hu/~arthp/bio/l/leonardo/biograph.html Dadd, Richard www.getty.edu/art/collections/bio/a281-1.html Daddi, Bernardo www.kfki.hu/~arthp/bio/d/daddi/biograph.html Daddi, Bernardo www.getty.edu/art/collections/bio/a1085-1.html Dae-jung, Kim

97. HYPERLINKED CHRONOLOGICAL LISTING OF PHILOSOPHERS 483. 375. GORGIAS of Athens. -470. -399. SOCRATES of Athens. -460. -370. DEMOCRITUSof abdera. -445. -365. ANTISTHENES of Athens. -427. -347. PLATO of Athens. -404.-320. http://kingwoodcollegelibrary.com/Thelist.htm

HYPERLINKED CHRONOLOGICAL LISTING OF PHILOSOPHERS BIRTH DEATH NAME THALES of Miletus ANAXIMANDER of Miletus ANAXIMENES of Miletus PYTHAGORAS of Samos ... Donald DAVIDSON

98. Quotez - Author Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. AOne, democritus ofAbdera, Hal Abelson. Geoffrey F. Abert, Lucius Accius, Dean Gooderham Acheson. http://freespace.virgin.net/mark.fryer/a.htm

A B C D A B C D ... Z

99. INxanthi.gr - Íïìüò ÎÜíèçò - ¢âäçñá The summary for this Greek page contains characters that cannot be correctly displayed in this language/character set. http://www.inxanthi.gr/pages/01nomos/Abvera.htm

ÄéÜöïñá Links Apelles i Abdera Abdera Democritus of Abdera (ca. 470-ca. 380 BC) Catholic Encyclopedia: ABDERA ... Perseus Encyclopedia abdera "Äçìïêñßôåéá" Äçìïôéêü Camping ÌõñùäÜôïõ CAMPING ËÅÕÊÉÐÐÏÓ Íïìüò ÎÜíèçò (Home) ÁîéïèÝáôá N. ÎÜíèçò Night Life SpeedyNet

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