21. Encyclopædia Britannica Abu Zayd hunayn ibn ishaq alIbadi University of St.Andrews, Scotland Biographicalsketch of this mathematician born in Baghdad known for his translation works http://search.britannica.com/search?query=Yaaqub ibn Ishaq al- Kindi

22. Next Publications In Cultural Arabic-Christian Threasure Series 10. hunayn ibn ishaq, Metodologia della traduzione e altri saggi, introduzione,traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Rosanna Budelli. http://digilander.libero.it/grac/Series_Next_Publications.htm

Cultural Arabic Christian Threasure forthcoming publications 6. Yahya Ibn ‘Adi, Dei significati dell'uno The Christian philosopher (giacobite) of the X century analyzes the various senses of the one in order to reach, employing the instruments of aristotelian logic, the definition of unity that contains in itself the idea of variety. Only therefore, the preech of unity and trinity in God will not incur in the contradiction. It is a philosophical treaty on the senses of the one but the motivation of the author is theological: the affirmation of the unity-trinity of God (in opposition to the absolute unity of God of the Islam) and the deduction of its attributes. 7. Qusta ibn Luqa, , introduzione, traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Ida Zilio-Grandi The work of the Christian Qusta ibn Luqa, is one refutation of the prophecy of Muhammad and the obtained Koranic miracle by means of the application of the logical categories of aristotelian matrix; application as well as polishes and locked on the philosophical plan, how much exquisite one in the literary processing. Farthest from the controversy and the apology, this small work documents, in particular, the exchange of ideas between the mu`tazilite tendency, first attempt of philosophical speculation of the Islam, and the Christian search of the truth, yield still more fan for the strait contact with the other religion. More in a generalized manner, it represents the ferment climate eloquenily and of profitable dialogue that had to exist between Christians and Muslims to the court of Bagdad between the IX and the X century of our age.

23. Collana Patrimonio Culturale Arabo Cristiano Volumi In Translate this page 11. hunayn ibn ishaq, Metodologia della traduzione e altri saggi, introduzione,traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Rosanna Budelli. http://digilander.libero.it/grac/ita/Prossime_Pubblicazioni.htm

Collana Patrimonio Culturale Arabo Cristiano Volumi in preparazione 7. Yahya Ibn ‘Adi, Dei significati dell'uno 8. Qusta ibn Luqa, Risposta a Ibn al-Munajjim , introduzione, traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Ida Zilio-Grandi 9. Bulus al-bushi, , introduzione, traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Chiara Impagliazzo Attraverso immagini e simbologie egli usa un linguaggio familiare ai Cristiani e ai Musulmani della sua epoca e si esprime con una chiarezza che continua a essere cristallina fino ad oggi. 10. Abu Ra'itah al-takriti, Due epistole a difesa della religione cristiana , introduzione, traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Tullio Novelli Contemporaneo del melkita Teodoro Abu Qurrah e del nestoriano ‘Ammar al Basri (IX secolo), Abu Ra'itah fu il maggior rappresentante in campo filosofico, del monofisismo giacobita del suo tempo. Le due epistole sono rivolte ai musulmani e sono finalizzate a chiarificare in forma dialettica vari aspetti della religione cristiana. 11. Hunayn ibn Ishaq, Metodologia della traduzione e altri saggi , introduzione, traduzione, note ed indici a cura di Rosanna Budelli.

24. BSHM: Abstracts -- Y Young, Gregg De, ‘Ishaq ibn Hunayn, hunayn ibn ishaq, and the third Arabic translationof Euclid’s Elements’, Historia mathematica 19 (1992), 188199 It http://www.dcs.warwick.ac.uk/bshm/abstracts/Y.html

The British Society for the History of Mathematics HOME About BSHM BSHM Council Join BSHM ... Search BSHM Abstracts A B C D ... Z These listings contain all abstracts that have appeared in BSHM Newsletters up to Newsletter 46. BSHM Abstracts - Y Yavetz, Ido, ‘On the homocentric spheres of Eudoxus’, Archive for history of exact sciences The two texts on which Schiaparelli based his 1877 reconstruction of Eudoxan planetary theory do not unequivocally lead to his, now received, interpretation. Yavetz, Ido, 2001, ‘A new role for the hippopede of Eudoxus’, Archive for history of exact sciences This paper analyses the geometry of the alternative reconstruction of Eudoxan planetary theory and shows that the hippopede, a figure of eight created by the intersection of a sphere and cylinder, plays a crucial analytical role. Young, B. W., ‘"See Mystery to Mathematics fly!": Pope’s Dunciad and the critique of religious rationalism’, Eighteenth-century studies At the heart of some Newtonian theological controversies in the early 18th century, notably those instigated by Samuel Clarke, was the place of mathematical reasoning in rationalistic metaphysical speculation. Pope’s Dunciad offers an ironic commentary supporting an antirationalist position.

25. Oriental Fathers: Arabic Literature hunayn ibn ishaq (808837). Bibliophile. hunayn ibn ishaq (808-837)was a famous physician,philosopher, and translator of Greek works under several caliphs. http://www.tertullian.org/rpearse/oriental/arabic.htm

Arabic Literature I have no information about this, apart from this short bibliography from Quasten, and material from George Khoury's articles, which I have excerpted below. G. GRAF, Exegetische Schriften zum Neuen Testament in arabischer Sprache : BZ (1933) 22-40, 161-169. G. GRAF, Geschichte der christlichen arabischen Literatur. Rome 1944 and 1947. 2 vols. Philip HITTI, History of Syria. Link: http://www.ewtn.com/library/chistory/eveislam.htm - EASTERN CHRISTIANITY ON THE EVE OF ISLAM. Dr George Khoury. Link: http://www.al-bushra.org/arbhrtg/arbxtn01.htm - Arabic Christian Literature. Dr George Khoury. Link: http://www.al-bushra.org/mag08/earbxt.htm - Arab Christian Literature of the 8th-9th centuries, Dr George Khoury. Catholicos Timothy I (728-823) [Nestorians] Because of their number and importance in Mesopotamia, the Nestorians contributed more than any other Christian community to the Christian Arab literary heritage. Their activity comprises all the literary genres. In the first place stands out the Catholicos Timothy I (728-823). He was the protagonist and author of an interesting Muhawarah (debate) with the caliphal-Mahdi (775-785).

26. How Greek Science Passed To The Arabs; Through Phoenician Christians 2. hunayn ibn ishaq. 3. Other Translators. hunayn ibn ishaq, an Assyrian, son ofa Nestorian druggist, was the foremost translator of his time; O'Leary states http://phoenicia.org/xtiantranslateforarabs.html

A Bequest Unearthed Phoenicia How Greek Science Passed to the Arabs by De Lacy O'Leary, D.D. Book review: How Greek Science Passed to the Arabs by Peter BetBasoo Comprehesive Website on the Phoenicians SEARCH Phoenicia Get a Search Engine For Your Web Site Table of Contents I Introduction II Helenism in Asia 1. Hellenization of Syria 2. The Frontier Provinces 3. Foundation of Jundi-Shapur 4. Diocletian and Constantine III The Legacy of Greece 1. Alexandrian Science 2. Philosophy 3. Greek Mathematicians 4. Greek Medicine IV Christianity as a Hellenizing Force 1. Hellenistic Atmosphere of Christianity 2. Expansion of Christianity 3. Ecclesiastical Organization V The Nestorians 1. First School of Nisibis 2. School of Edessa 3. Nestorian Schism 4. Dark Period of the Nestorian Church 5. The Nestorian Reformation VI The Monophysites 1. Beginning of Monophysitism

27. How Greek Science Passed To The Arabs XII Translation Into Arabic 1. The First Translators 2. hunayn ibn ishaq3. Other Translators 4. Thabit Ibn Qurra. XIII The Arab Philosophers. http://www.aina.org/aol/peter/greek.htm

Book review: How Greek Science Passed to the Arabs Peter BetBasoo Title How Greek Science Passed to the Arabs Author De Lacy O'Leary, D.D. Date 1949 (according to the inside title page: "owing to production delays this book was published in 1980") Pages 196 Index Yes Table of Contents I Introduction II Helenism in Asia 1. Hellenization of Syria 2. The Frontier Provinces 3. Foundation of Jundi-Shapur 4. Diocletian and Constantine III The Legacy of Greece 1. Alexandrian Science 2. Philosophy 3. Greek Mathematicians 4. Greek Medicine IV Christianity as a Hellenizing Force 1. Hellenistic Atmosphere of Christianity 2. Expansion of Christianity 3. Ecclesiastical Organization V The Nestorians 1. First School of Nisibis 2. School of Edessa 3. Nestorian Schism 4. Dark Period of the Nestorian Church 5. The Nestorian Reformation VI The Monophysites 1. Beginning of Monophysitism 2. The Monophysite Schism 3. Persecution of the Monophysites 4. Organization of the Monophysite Church 5. Persian Monophysites VII Indian Influence, I: The Sea Route 1. The Sea Route to India

28. Muslim Philosophy Science And Mysticism/Hamid Naseem in some cases Jews and Christians as well ) started translating the transmitingGreek philosophy into Arabic Ishaq Ibn Hunayn, hunayn ibn ishaq, AlKindi and http://www.vedamsbooks.com/no21915.htm

Muslim Philosophy Science and Mysticism/Hamid Naseem. New Delhi, Sarup and Sons, 2001, iv, 349 p., ISBN: 81-7625-230-1. Contents : Introduction. 1. Intellectual discussions in the early days of Islam. 2. Philosophy of Al-Kindi. 3. Philosophy of Al-Farabi. 4. Philosophy of IBN Sina. 5. Ghazalli’s philosophy. 6. Ghazalli’s impact on IBN Tufayl. 7. Ghazalli and IBN rushd-conflict and concord. 8. IBN Taimiyah—an introduction. 9. Philosophy of IBN—Taimiyah. 10. Rational sciences in medieval India. 11. Social philosophy of Ali Shariati. 12. Semantic philosophy and quranic studies. Appendices-I : The sources of Iqbal’s thought. II. Ghazzali and natural sciences. III. Indo-Iranian relations. IV. Sufism in Kashmir. Bibliography. "Muslims have been provided by Allah a complete code of conduct in the form of Holy Quran. In Quran there are two types of verses i.e. allegorical (mutashabiat) and categorical (Mukhamat). The Mutashabiat verses of Quran are mostly pertaining to the essence of Allah and his attributes, predestination, soul and life here after death etc. etc. Since these verses are outside the purview of human reasoning, much hair splitting and question begging has not been encouraged in this regard. Yet many of the Muslim thinkers and philosophers have ventured to enter into detailed discussions in these matters. "In the first stage we find that the Muslims are engaged in explanation and elaboration of various Islamic doctrines in the light of Quran. Mutazilites, Asharites, Maturidians, Qadarites and Jabarites etc are the representatives of the period. In the second stage Muslim scholars (in some cases Jews and Christians as well ) started translating the transmiting Greek philosophy into Arabic Ishaq Ibn Hunayn, Hunayn Ibn Ishaq, Al-Kindi and many others were engaged in this process.

29. The University Of Salford | Online Reception Author of La traduction à l'époque abbasside l'école de hunayn ibn ishaq, (1990),Paris Didier, she has published many articles on the history of, and http://www.salford.ac.uk/esri/transtud.htm

Navigate the site Homepage About the University Faculties and Schools Research and Postgraduate Study Maps and Access Routes News and Events Choose Salford Course finder How to Apply Accommodation Services to Business and the Community Intranet [restricted] Information for Students Alumni Contacts Links Online Reception A-Z Site Index Search Navigate the online reception About the university Academic enterprise Accommodation Alumni relations office Business enterprise support team CAMPUS Careers advisory service Catering and conference facilities Centre for virtual environments Childcare Construct IT centre of excellence Crescent and campus arts programme Design team Education Development Unit Faculties and schools FE/HE consortium Information for students International office Lifelong learning Manchester and Salford links National Centre for Business and Sustainability Open days and visits Religion Salford Software Ltd Schools and colleges liaison Security and car parking Services for Export and Languages Staff and Curriculum Development Support divisions University publications WebAir Internet Radio Unfortunately, the page you have requested does not exist.

30. Islamset - Characterstics Of Islamic Civilization His student hunayn ibn ishaq (d. 260 AH) known also as Yohanitus orJoannitus continued his studies in Rome, Alexandria and Persia. http://www.islamset.com/islam/civil/charac.html

Home Islam Islamic Civilization Characterstics of Islamic Civilization The Abbasid State depended on natives of the conquered countries affiliated to deep-rooted civilizations like the Sasanids in Iraq and Persia. This civilization contained a special Asian legacy with Chinese and Indian contributions. The Byzantine civilization also contributed in countries surrounding the Mediterranean with Greek origins because the Byzantines and Romans were students of the Greeks in the major cultural centres in Alexandria, Harran, Raha, Antioch, and Nseiben. The Arabs had an ancient legacy from Ma'in, Saba' and Himyar in Yemen, and a civilization in the Hejaz that was well-known for its commercial and religious activities. However, they found in the conquered countries developed civilizations with organized governments, advanced economic systems in agriculture, irrigation and industry and in sciences such as mathematics, astronomy and physics. By incorporating those peoples, the Abbasid state forged them into an Islamic culture. This unification underlies the striking scientific progress extending from the beginning of the Abbasid state to the end of the fourth Hijri century. And if the Arab Islamic state in early Islam take credit for conquest, expansion and contact with ancient civilizations, the Abbasid state also preserved the origins of these civilizations and took advantage of their development and prosperity. Muslims copied, translated and Arabized this ancient legacy. Starting with assimilation, they continued with their own innovation and development to give the world what is known as Arab-Islamic civilization that combines three elements found only in major civilizations: excellence, originality and the development of humanity.

31. Islamic History In Arabia And Middle East One of its most famous scholars was hunayn ibn ishaq, Ishaq's father known tothe West as Joanitius - who eventually translated the entire canon of Greek http://islamicity.com/mosque/ihame/Sec12.htm

Islam and Islamic History in Arabia and The Middle East The Legacy The message The Hijrah The Rightly Guided Caliphs The Umayyads ... Revival in The Arab East Related Topics The Holy Quran The Faith of Islam Arabic Writing Science and Scholarship in Al-Andalus ... Arabic Numerals THE LEGACY: The foundation of this legacy was the astonishing achievements of Muslim scholars, scientists, craftsmen, and traders during the two hundred years or so that are called the Golden Age. During this period, from 750 to 950, the territory of the Muslim Empire encompassed present-day Iran, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, Palestine, North Africa, Spain, and parts of Turkey and drew to Baghdad peoples of all those lands in an unparalleled cross-fertilization of once isolated intellectual traditions. Geographical unity, however, was but one factor. Another was the development of Arabic, by the ninth century, into the language of international scholarship as well as the language of the Divine Truth. This was one of the most significant events in the history of ideas. A third important factor was the establishment in Baghdad of a paper mill. The introduction of paper, replacing parchment and papyrus, was a pivotal advance which had effects on education and scholarship as far reaching as the invention of printing in the fifteenth century. It made it possible to put books within the reach of everyone.

32. PHILTAR - Islamic Philosophy Abdel Rahman (19172002) Links to pages about him. hunayn ibn ishaq(809-873) An introduction to his life and work. Ibn al Nadim (dc http://philtar.ucsm.ac.uk/islamic_philosophy/individualphilosophers.html

Individual Philosophers Back Links: Abd’al Latif al Baghdadi (1162-1231) A brief introduction to his life and work Abu’l Hudail al Allaf (c750-c850) An introduction to his life and work Al Afghani, Jamal al Din (1838-1897) An introduction to his life and work An account of his life An introduction to his life and work Al Ashari (c874-935) A brief account of his work An introduction to his thought Al Biruni, Abu Raihan (973-1048) An introduction to his life and work Al Dawani, Jalal al Din (1426-1502) An introduction to his thought Al Farabi, Abu Al-Nasr (870-950) An introduction to his life and work Al Farghani (b c860) An account of his life and work Al Ghazali, Abu Hamid (1058-1128) An introduction to his life and thought Al Hazm (994-1064) An introduction to his life and work Al Jubbai (d 916) An introduction to his life and work Al Khayyam (c1039-c1133) An introduction to his life and work Al Khawarizmi, Mohammad bin Musa (d 840) A brief account of his work Al Kindi, Yaqub Ibn Ishaq (800-873) A short introduction to his life and work Al Masudi, Ibn Ali (d 957) A brief account of his life and work Al Mawardi, Abu al-Hasan (972-1058)

33. Schwartz Judaica: The Book Of Ten Treaties On The Eye Ascribed To Hunain Ibn Is- Author hunayn ibn ishaq al'Ibadi Title The Book of Ten Treaties on the Eye Ascribedto Hunain Ibn Is-Haq (809 - 877 AD). The Earliest Existing Systematic http://www.schwartzjudaica.com/cgi-bin/sjb455/001864.html

Browse by category ABRAHAM ADDRESSES AFRICA AFRICIAN-AMERICAN AGADA AKEDAH ALGERIA ALLIANCE ISRAELITE ALMANAC ALPHABETS ALTONA AMERICA ANCIENT ISRAEL ANGELS ANGLO-JUDAICA ANTI-ZIONISM ANTISEMITISM APOCRYPHA ARAB ARABIC ARAMAIC ARCHAEOLOGY ARCHITECTURE ARGENTINA ARIZONA ART ASSYRIAN ASTRONOMY ATLANTA ATLAS AUCTION AUSCHWITZ AUSTRIA AUTOBIOGRAPHY BAAL SHEM TOV BABYLONIA BAJA CALIFORNIA BALTIMORE BAR-KOKHBA BARBADOS BEILISS TRIAL BEIRUT BEN SHAHN BERLIN BIBLE BIBLICAL LITERATURE BIBLIOGRAPHY BIOETHICS BIOGRAPHY BIOMEDICAL BIROBIDZHAN BLACKS BOHEMIA BONN BOOKLORE BOOKS BOSTON BOTANY BRAZIL BRONX BROOKLYN BUCHENWALD BUENOS AIRES CAIRO CAIRO GENIZAH CALENDAR CALIFORNIA CANAAN CANADA CARLEBACH CATALOG CATALONIA CCAR YEARBOOKS CEMETERIES CEREMONIAL OBJECTS CHANUKAH CHAPLAINS CHICAGO CHILDREN CHINA CHRISTIAN CHRISTIANITY CHUMASH CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL WAR CLEVELAND COINS COLD WAR COMEDIANS COMETS COMMANDMENTS COMMENTARY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY COMMUNITY HISTORY CONCORDANCE CONGREGATION CONSERVATIVE CONVERSION COOKBOOK COSTUME COURTSHIP CRAFTS CREATION CRETE CZECHOSLOVAKIA DANZIG DEAD SEA DEAD SEA SCROLLS DENMARK DES MOINES DETROIT DEUTERO-ISAIAH DIARY DICTIONARY DIVORCE DUETERONOMY DUTCH ECCLESIASTES ECUADOR EDUCATION EGYPT EINSTEIN ELDERLY ENCYCLOPEDIA ENGLAND ENGRAVINGS ESSAYS ESSENES ESTHER ESTONIA ETHICS ETHIOPIA EUROPE EXHIBIT EXODUS EZEKIEL EZRA FAMILY FARMERS FASCISM FEMINISM FESTSCHRIFT FIBER ART FICTION FIVE MEGILLOTH FLOWERS FOLK ART FOLK LITERATURE FOLKLORE FOLKTALES FOLKWAYS FOOD FRANCE FRANKFURT FRENCH FRENCH LITERATURE FRESCOES GANGSTERS GAON GENEALOGY GENESIS GENOA GEOGRAPHY GEONIM GEORGIA GERMAN GERMANY GEZER GHETTOS GNOMIC GRAMMAR GRAVESTONES GREECE

34. Schwartz Judaica: Home Page Out-of-print books of Jewish interest from art to Zionism, in various languages, including English, Category Shopping Publications Books Used and Rare S...... The Earliest Existing Systematic by hunayn ibn ishaq al'Ibadi $250.00 ADD TOCART. Gov't Pr - Cairo - 1928 - title cont Text-book of Ophthalmology. http://www.schwartzjudaica.com/cgi-bin/sjb455/

Browse by category ABRAHAM ADDRESSES AFRICA AFRICIAN-AMERICAN AGADA AKEDAH ALGERIA ALLIANCE ISRAELITE ALMANAC ALPHABETS ALTONA AMERICA ANCIENT ISRAEL ANGELS ANGLO-JUDAICA ANTI-ZIONISM ANTISEMITISM APOCRYPHA ARAB ARABIC ARAMAIC ARCHAEOLOGY ARCHITECTURE ARGENTINA ARIZONA ART ASSYRIAN ASTRONOMY ATLANTA ATLAS AUCTION AUSCHWITZ AUSTRIA AUTOBIOGRAPHY BAAL SHEM TOV BABYLONIA BAJA CALIFORNIA BALTIMORE BAR-KOKHBA BARBADOS BEILISS TRIAL BEIRUT BEN SHAHN BERLIN BIBLE BIBLICAL LITERATURE BIBLIOGRAPHY BIOETHICS BIOGRAPHY BIOMEDICAL BIROBIDZHAN BLACKS BOHEMIA BONN BOOKLORE BOOKS BOSTON BOTANY BRAZIL BRONX BROOKLYN BUCHENWALD BUENOS AIRES CAIRO CAIRO GENIZAH CALENDAR CALIFORNIA CANAAN CANADA CARLEBACH CATALOG CATALONIA CCAR YEARBOOKS CEMETERIES CEREMONIAL OBJECTS CHANUKAH CHAPLAINS CHICAGO CHILDREN CHINA CHRISTIAN CHRISTIANITY CHUMASH CIVIL RIGHTS CIVIL WAR CLEVELAND COINS COLD WAR COMEDIANS COMETS COMMANDMENTS COMMENTARY COMMUNITIES COMMUNITY COMMUNITY HISTORY CONCORDANCE CONGREGATION CONSERVATIVE CONVERSION COOKBOOK COSTUME COURTSHIP CRAFTS CREATION CRETE CZECHOSLOVAKIA DANZIG DEAD SEA DEAD SEA SCROLLS DENMARK DES MOINES DETROIT DEUTERO-ISAIAH DIARY DICTIONARY DIVORCE DUETERONOMY DUTCH ECCLESIASTES ECUADOR EDUCATION EGYPT EINSTEIN ELDERLY ENCYCLOPEDIA ENGLAND ENGRAVINGS ESSAYS ESSENES ESTHER ESTONIA ETHICS ETHIOPIA EUROPE EXHIBIT EXODUS EZEKIEL EZRA FAMILY FARMERS FASCISM FEMINISM FESTSCHRIFT FIBER ART FICTION FIVE MEGILLOTH FLOWERS FOLK ART FOLK LITERATURE FOLKLORE FOLKTALES FOLKWAYS FOOD FRANCE FRANKFURT FRENCH FRENCH LITERATURE FRESCOES GANGSTERS GAON GENEALOGY GENESIS GENOA GEOGRAPHY GEONIM GEORGIA GERMAN GERMANY GEZER GHETTOS GNOMIC GRAMMAR GRAVESTONES GREECE

35. Muslims Contributions To Medical History تاريخ Articles about the History of Islamic Medicine and the contributions of Muslim physicians (eg Avicenna Category Society Religion and Spirituality Islam History...... About Abu Raihan AlBiruni - (UK). Brief Note on hunayn ibn ishaq al'Ibadi,?. About Ibn al-Nafis - Muslim Scholars Page (mirrored). http://www.islamicmedicine.org/history.htm

Site Contents Introduction Amazing Quran Islam Views on Medical Issues Medicine of the Prophet Views of Non-Muslim Scientists Islamic Medical Associations Home Contribution of Islam to Medicine - Ezzat Abouleish Islamic Medicine: 1000 years ahead of its times - Ibrahim B. Syed Historical Notes - Martin Levey Internet Islamic History Sourcebook P Halsall Islamic Culture and the Medical Arts - NLM (US) Some Key Points about Islamic Medicine - The Cultural Academy of Islam Muslim Scientists Before European Renaissance A Zahoor The Impact of Islam On The Renaissance T Saghir About Ibn Sina (Avicenna) , doctor of doctors [ M Ahmed About Abu Raihan Al-Biruni - (UK) Brief Note on Hunayn ibn Ishaq al'Ibadi About Ibn al-Nafis - Muslim Scholars Page (mirrored) About Mohammad Ibn Zakariya al-Razi , and his tutor Ali Ibn Rabban al-Tabari About Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi (Albucasis) , father of surgery [ M Ahmed Albucasis and Medieval Thyroid Puncture D Breining ] - via CytoLink About Jabir Ibn Haiyan ("Geber")

36. Muslim Scientists 3 He wrote treatises on eye diseases and diet and commentaries on medicalwritings of Hippocrates, Avicenna, and hunayn ibn ishaq. http://www.amualumni.8m.com/Scientist3.htm

Free Web site hosting - Freeservers.com Home Page Back Alumni of Aligarh Muslim University (India) Muslims Scientist during Muslims Rule over World Page 3 of 5 Page In the domain of trigonometry , the theory of Sine, Cosine and tangent is an heirloom of the Arabs. The brilliant epochs of Peurbach, of Regiomontanus, of Copernicus, cannot be recalled without reminding us of the fundamental and preparatory labor of the Arab Mathematician ( Al-Battani , 858-929 A.D.)." Joseph Hell in the "Arab Civilization" Ibn Al-Wahshiya Agriculturist Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Hyatham (Alhazen) Physics, Optics, Mathematics. Abd Al-Malik Ibn Quraib Al-Asmai Zoology, Botany, Animal Husbandry. Abu Abd Allah Muhammad Ibn Jabir Al-Battani (Albatenius) Astronomy, mathematics, Trigonometry. Ala ad-din Abu Al-ala Ali Ad-Dimashqi Ibn An-Nafis Anatomy Nur Al-Din Ibn Ishaq Al-Bitruji (Alpetragius) Medicine, Ophthalmology, Smallpox, Chemistry, Astronomy. Ibn Wahshiyah Top Middle Eastern agriculturist and toxicologist alleged to have written al-Fillahah an-Nabatiyah ("Nabatean Agriculture"), a major treatise dealing with plants, water sources and quality, weather conditions, the causes of deforestation, soils and their improvement, crop cultivation, and other similar subjects. The Arabic text of Ibn al-'Awwam, who flourished in the second half of the 12th century, became a basic resource for later treatments such as that by the Muslim agriculturalist. . Abu Ali Al-Hasan Ibn Al-Hyatham(Alhazen)

37. Euclid's Geometry: The Arabian Euclid works into Arabic peaked under AlMa'mun (813-833) who founded a research institute,the 'House of Wisdom,' in Baghdad, headed by hunayn ibn ishaq (808-873 http://mathforum.org/geometry/wwweuclid/transl.htm

8. The Arabian Euclid Heath tells us that "the Caliph al-Mansur (754-775) sent a mission to the Byzantine Emperor as the result of which he obtained from him a copy of Euclid among other Greek books, and again that the Caliph al-Ma'mun (813-833) obtained manuscripts of Euclid, among others, from the Byzantines." Most of the Greek learning that was preserved in the Library at Alexandria must have ended up in Rome before the Christians and Arabs gradually destroyed it. It is reasonable to think that copies of pagan books then made their way from Rome, the capital of the old, western Roman Empire, to Constantinople, the capital of the new, eastern Roman Empire, before Rome was sacked in the 5th Century. Constantinople did not fall until 1203, leaving plenty of time for Greek science to migrate into the Islamic empire. The first Arabic translation that we know of was made by Al-Hajjaj j. b. Yusuf b. Matar (Al-Hajjaj) in the 8th Century. A manuscript copy of this version still exists. It is one of many manuscripts of Arabic translations that have survived. The translation of Greek works into Arabic peaked under Al-Ma'mun (813-833) who "founded a research institute, the 'House of Wisdom,' in Baghdad," headed by Hunayn ibn Ishaq (808-873) in collaboration with his son, Ishaq ibn Hunayn, two of the most important translators of Greek works. (Lindberg, 169)

38. History Of Mathematics: Arabic Mathematics ibn Matar (c. 800); Muhammad ibn Musa AlKhwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850);hunayn ibn ishaq (Johannitius) (808-873); `Abd al-Hamid ibn Turk http://aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/mathhist/arab.html

Arabic Mathematics This page is under development. Mathematicians Banu Musa (sons of Musa ibn Shakir) (ninth century) al-Hajjaj ibn Matar (c. 800) Muhammad ibn Musa Al-Khwarizmi (c. 780-c. 850) Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Johannitius) (808-873) `Abd al-Hamid ibn Turk (c. 850) Ahmad ibn `Abdullah al-Marwazi Habas al-Hasib (c. 850) Thabit ibn Qurra (836 -901) al-Fadl al-Nayrizi (c. 880) Abu Kamil ibn Aslam (c. 850-930) Qusta ibn Luka (d. 912) Abu `Abdallah Mohammad ibn Jabir al-Battani (Albatenius) (c. 858-929) Abu Nasr al-Farabi (Alpharabius) (c. 878-c. 950) Ibrahim ibn Sinan (909-946) Abu Sahl al-Kuhi (c. 950) Abu l'Hasan al-Uqlidisi (c. 952) `Abd al-`Aziz al-Qabisi (c. 950) Muhammad Abu l'Wafa (Albuzjani) (940-998) Abd al-Jalil al-Sijzi (c. 970) Abu `Ali al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (Alhazen) (c. 965-1039) Abu l-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni (973-1055) Abu Bakr al-Karaji (al Karkhi) (c. 1000) Abu `Abdallah al-Hasan ibn al-Baghdadi (c. 1000) Kushyar ibn Labban (c. 1000) Maslama al-Majriti (c. 1000) Abu Nasr Mansur ibn Iraq (d. 1030) Abu Mansur al-Baghdadi (c. 1025)

39. - Great Books - He wrote several volumes on Ibn Sina's Qanun, that are still extant.Likewise he wrote a commentary on hunayn ibn ishaq's book. http://www.malaspina.com/site/person_880.asp

Ibn Nafis (-al) Ala-al-Din Abu al-Hasan Ali Ibn Abi al-Hazm al-Qarshi al-Damashqi al-Misri was born in 607 A.H. of Damascus. He was educated at the Medical College-cum-Hospital founded by Nur al-Din Zangi. In medicine his teacher was Muhazzab al-Din Abd al-Rahim. Apart from medicine, Ibn al-Nafis learnt jurisprudence, literature and theology. He thus became a renowned expert on Shafi'i School of Jurisprudence as well as a reputed physician. After acquiring his expertise in medicine and jurisprudence, he moved to Cairo where he was appointed as the Principal at the famous Nasri Hospital. Here he imparted training to a large number of medical specialists, including Ibn al-Quff al-Masihi, the famous surgeon. He also served at the Mansuriya School at Cairo. When he died in 678 A. H. he donated his house, library and clinic to the Mansuriya Hospital. His major contribution lies in medicine. His approach comprised writing detailed commentaries on early works, critically evaluating them and adding his own original contribution. His major original contribution of great significance was his discovery of the blood's circulatory system, which was re-discovered by modern science after a lapse of three centuries. He was the first to correctly describe the constitution of the lungs and gave a description of the bronchi and the interaction between the human body's vessels for air and blood. Also, he elaborated the function of the coronary arteries as feeding the cardiac muscle.

40. The Arabic Christian Literature An article by Dr. George Khoury about the contribution of the Melkites, the Jacobites, the Nestorians, Category Arts Literature World Literature Arabic...... hunayn ibn ishaq (808837)was a famous physician, philosopher, andtranslator of Greek works underseveral caliphs. He is the author http://www.al-bushra.org/arbhrtg/arbxtn01.htm

The Arabic ChristianLiterature By Dr. George Khoury Dr. Khoury Georges speaks about the contribution of the Melkites,the Jacobites, the Nestorians, The Copts and the Maronites to the ArabChristian Heritage. The Melkites The Jacobites The Nestorians The Copts ... TheMaronites 1- Introduction Arabic at the time of the Abbasids had become a language of full maturity,unchallenged mistress in the school, the mosque, and in the offices ofthe administration. It prevailed in all parts of the Muslim world, notonly as an ornament of great value for the pen, but also as a generousnurse of thought. The Iranians themselves, who later succeeded in givinglife to their nationalism and in reviving anew a literature in Persianlanguage, were unable to garble the Arabic language as a language of scienceand religion. They also had to keep its strong mark on their own vocabularyand on the alphabet. If Baghdad was an aging city hardly a century afterits founding, it was nonetheless under the first Abassids the symbol ofa new civilization and the home of the shining Arabic language which hadbecome a language of thought and culture. The irruption of foreign nations reached its height during the Abassidcaliphate, with their cultural contributions and their specific gifts tothe social and intellectual life of Arab Islamism. It also provoked a greateffervescence of thought and an intense literary activity which pouredinto the Arabic language and brought about a development of prose. Thevocabulary waxed richer thanks to new terms it borrowed from other cultures;the syntax became suppler, and the style clearer. Literary genres wereeither recovered or created. Ideas, new doctrines and research requiredmore suitable expression.

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