21. Napier Bones In Various Bases john napier (15501617), a Scottish mathematician, is mostly known for his invention of logarithms - a device that http://www.cut-the-knot.com/blue/Napier.html

CTK Exchange Front Page Movie shortcuts Personal info ... Recommend this site Napier Bones in Various Bases John Napier (1550-1617), a Scottish mathematician, is mostly known for his invention of logarithms - a device that revolutionized calculations by reducing difficult and tedious multiplication to addition of table entries. In 1617, three years after appearance of Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio (A Description of the Wonderful Law of Logarithms), he published Rabdologiae which was recently reproduced as Rabdology by the Charles Babbage Institute in the Reprint Series for the History of Computing. The Elementary Latin Dictionary offered two entries: Rab- raving mad rage be mad Dolo pike pointed stuff sword-stick (my son David who takes Latin in high school, claims that the last part logo has to do with the word "study".) The difficulty of putting the three together would explain why the Institute decided to anglicize the title instead of translating it. Trusting several accounts, it appears that in their day the sticks described in the book and later known as Napier's rods or Napier's bones, were indeed a rave among merchants who carried them along and used them to speed up calculations. [Richard Persky from University of Texas diverges: Actually, it looks like Latinized Greek to me -

22. World Book Not Found - DiscoverySchool.com World Book biographical article on Canada's Prime Minister (1984). http://school.discovery.com/homeworkhelp/worldbook/atozhistory/t/571170.html

All DiscoverySchool Students Teachers Parents We're sorry , but DiscoverySchool.com is no longer offering the World Book A-to-Z Encyclopedias. For information about subscribing to World Book Online, go to www.worldbookonline.com Site Map About Us Feedback Discovery.com

23. Napier, John napier, john (1550 1617) Scotsman john napier went to St. Salvator’s Collegein St. Andrews, where he studied from mathematician john Rutherford. http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/thomas_awl/chapter1/medialib

Napier, John (1550 Scotsman John Napier went to St. Salvator’s College in St. Andrews, where he studied from mathematician John Rutherford. In sixteenth-century Scotland, intellectual interests centered on religion, theology, and politics rather than on science and mathematics, and Napier’s first work reflected that climate. Napier was a fervent Protestant and a landowner of a large estate and farm. There is evidence that Napier began working on the idea of logarithms about 1590. His important mathematical work culminated in the publication of two Latin treatises. In the Constructio, the phrase artificial number s is used by Napier instead of logarithms The word logarithm was adopted later. Today Napier is best known as the inventor of logarithms, but until recently we knew very little about their invention. Today we realize that in the late 1500s, Napier invented a computational tool called the logarithm that simplified arithmetic by replacing multiplication by addition. The equation that accomplished this was simply ln (ax) = ln a + ln x To multiply two positive numbers a and x , you looked up their logarithms in a table, added the logarithms, found the sum in the table, and read the table backward to find the product ax Having such a table was the key, and Napier spent the last 20 years of his life working on a table that he never finished (while astronomer

24. Napier, John. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. napier, john. 1550–1617,Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote http://www.bartleby.com/65/na/Napier-J.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Napier, John

25. Napier, John. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: Fourth napier, john. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English LanguageFourth Edition. 2000. 2000. napier, john. SYLLABICATION Na·pi·er. http://www.bartleby.com/61/46/N0014600.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary naphthol ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. Napier, John.

26. Ïåðñîíàëèè: , John Napier Frederick LuPone, Patti Mackintosh, Cameron Minelli, Liza napier, john Nixon, MarniNunn, Trevor Paige, Elaine Pelletier john napier / . http://musicals.ru/pers/napier.php

Andrews, Julie Ball, Michael Boublil, Alain Brightman, Sarah ... Wilkinson, Colm John Napier / Äæîí Íàïüåð "Cats" "Starlight Express" . Äåéñòâóþùèìè ëèöàìè áûëè ëîêîìîòèâû è âàãîíû. Ðåæèññåð ðåøèë, ÷òî àêòåðû áóäóò êàòàòüñÿ íà ðîëèêàõ. Çàäà÷åé õóäîæíèêà áûëî ñîçäàòü êîñòþìû, êîòîðûå íàïîìèíàëè áû ïîåçäà è ëþäåé îäíîâðåìåííî. È ïðè ýòîì èñïîëíèòåëè äîëæíû áûëè â íèõ ñâîáîäíî è áûñòðî ïåðåìåùàòüñÿ! Ñ ïîìîùüþ Ëèç äà Êîñòà áûëè ñîçäàíû êðàñî÷íûå, áëåñòÿùèå êîñòþìû, â êîòîðûõ àêòåðû ñòàíîâèëèñü ïîõîæèìè íà ðîáîòîâ-òðàíñôîðìåðîâ. Êîñòþìû áûëè î÷åíü òÿæåëûìè, è, âåðîÿòíî, èñïîëíèòåëè ðàçíûõ ïîêîëåíèé íå ðàç ïðîêëèíàëè õóäîæíèêà. Ñàì æå Íàïüåð ãîâîðèò, ÷òî òåðïåòü íå ìîæåò äåëàòü êîñòþìû, íî âñåãäà, êîãäà ïðåäëàãàþò ðàáîòó, õîòÿò íàéòè ÷åëîâåêà, êîòîðûé ñðàçó çàíÿëñÿ áû è èìè, è äåêîðàöèÿìè, âîò îí è ñîãëàøàåòñÿ. Òåì íå ìåíåå, còðàäàíèÿ Íàïüåðà îêóïèëèñü: èìåííî äèçàéí ïî êîñòþìàì ïðèíåñ ñïåêòàêëþ åäèíñòâåííóþ åãî íàãðàäó - Òîíè, ïîñëå òîãî, êàê îí áûë ïîñòàâëåí íà Áðîäâåå. Òåïåðü æå äèçàéíîì ïî òåàòðàëüíûì êîñòþìàì çàíèìàåòñÿ åãî äî÷ü - Ýëàéçà, è îíè ÷àñòî ðàáîòàþò íàä ñïåêòàëÿìè âìåñòå. , ïðè ó÷àñòèè Êîðîëåâñêîãî Øåêñïèðîâñêîãî Òåàòðà ñòàëà ñåíñàöèåé, êîòîðàÿ, êàæåòñÿ, íèêîãäà íå çàêîí÷èòñÿ. Ñàì Äæîí Íàïüåð ãîâîðèò, ÷òî îáû÷íî î÷åíü áûñòðî ðàçî÷àðîâûâàåòñÿ â ñâîèõ ðàáîòàõ, ïîñëå òîãî, êàê ñïåêòàêëü óæå ïîñòàâëåí. "Îáû÷íî ÷åðåç ïîëãîäà ïîñëå âûõîäà ñïåêòàêëÿ â ñâåò, ìíå ñòûäíî ïðèçíàâàòüñÿ, ÷òî ÿ íàä íèì ðàáîòàë". Íî "Îòâåðæåííûå" ýòî åäèíñòâåííàÿ ðàáîòà, êîòîðàÿ íðàâèòñÿ åìó ïî-ïðåæíåìó. Êîãäà øîó áûëî ïîñòàâëåíî íà Áðîäâåå, Íàïüåð ïîëó÷èë çà íåãî íàãðàäó Òîíè. Äëÿ îäíîãî èç ïîïóëÿðíåéøèõ ìþçèêëîâ XX ñòîëåòèÿ îí ñîçäàë áàððèêàäû, êîòîðûå âîçäâèãàëèñü íà ñöåíå, áëàãîäàðÿ ñëîæíîìó ìåõàíèçìó. Âîîáùå, äåêîðàöèè Äæîíà Íàïüåðà èçâåñòíû ñâîèìè ìàñøòàáàìè è òåõíè÷åñêîé ñëîæíîñòüþ. Õóäîæíèê äàæå æàëóåòñÿ: "Ðåæèññåðû ïðèâûêëè ñ÷èòàòü: 'áîëüøîå øîó, äîñòàíüòå Äæîíà!' Íî ìíå íðàâÿòñÿ è íåáîëüøèå ñïåêòàêëè."

27. Hands (John Napier) Hands. john napier. Princeton University Press 1983 A book review by Danny Yee http//dannyreviews.com/ - Copyright © 1993 what would we do without them? http://dannyreviews.com/h/Hands.html

Danny Yee's Book Reviews Subjects Titles Authors ... Latest Hands John Napier Princeton University Press 1983 A book review by Danny Yee what would we do without them? Hands is a really great little book. The first part describes the structure, function and evolution of the human hand. The second part deals briefly with some of the social and cultural aspects of hands: the origins of tool use and handedness, fingerprints, and the role of gesture in communication. All of this is informed by comparison with the non-human primates. While it does go into some anatomical and primatological detail, Hands assumes no prior knowledge of either field. It is likely to be of great interest to anyone to whom hands are of particular importance, from magicians and musicians to victims of RSI and designers of tools. It should also appeal to anyone curious about their own limbs; even as I type this I am looking at what my hands and fingers are doing in a new light. Hands is highly recommended. 8 December 1993 Related reviews: human biology Princeton University Press %T Hands %A Napier, John

28. Napier, John encyclopediaEncyclopedia napier, john. napier, john, 1550–1617, Scottishmathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote Mirifici http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0834833.html

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Napier, John Napier, John, , Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio (1614), containing the first logarithmic table and the first use of the word logarithm. His Rabdologiae (1617) gives various methods for abbreviating arithmetical calculations. One method of multiplication uses a system of numbered rods called Napier's rods, or Napier's bones; this was a major improvement on the ancient system of counters then in use. In 1619, after Napier's death, his Mirifici logarithmorum canonis constructio

29. Turner, John Napier encyclopediaEncyclopedia Turner, john napier. Turner, john napier, 1929–,Canadian prime minister (1984). Born in England, he emigrated http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/CE052987

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Turner, John Napier Turner, John Napier, Trudeau in 1984, he became leader of the Liberal party. He became prime minister on June 30 and dissolved Parliament shortly thereafter. In the September elections the Liberal party was soundly defeated. Turner remained Liberal party leader until 1990. Turner, Frederick Jackson Turner, Joseph Mallord William Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips About Us Contact Us Link to Infoplease ... Privacy

30. John Napier References Memoirs of john napier of Merchiston, his Lineage, Life, and Times, witha History of the Invention of Logarithms Mark napier (1904). http://www.johnnapier.com/john_napier_references.htm

Home Biography A Description of the Admirable Table of Logarithms Napier's Rods ... References References Books Rabdology by John Napier, William F. Richardson (Translator) (Hardcover) The Art of Numbering by Speaking Rods by W Leybourn (1667) Napier's Bones : a History and Instruction Manual by D J Bryden, (1992) Handbook of the Napier Tercentenary Celebration or Modern Instruments and Methods of Calculation by E. M. Horsburgh (Editor), M. R. Williams (Designer) (Hardcover) Handbook of the Napier Tercentenary Celebration or Modern Instruments and Methods of Calculation (Hardcover - May 1984) Napier Tercentenary Memorial Volume - C G Knott ( Editor Memoirs of John Napier of Merchiston, his Lineage, Life, and Times, with a History of the Invention of Logarithms - Mark Napier (1904) A Description of the Admirable Table of Logarithms by John Napier Mathematicians Are People, Too: Stories from the Lives of Great Mathematicians Luetta Reimer, Wilbert Reimer (1992) Websites Napier's Bones and the Genaille-Lucas Rulers Biographies of Mathematicians - John Napier Achim - Mechanical Calculators Room John Napier (1550-1617) ... Mathematicians Born in Scotland John Napier's works are believed to be in the public domain, and have been transcribed from an original translation by Edward Wright (1616). All other text and graphics on this website is © 2002 www.johnnapier.com

31. John Napier Another account. napier, john, of Merchiston, near Edinburgh, the celebratedinventor of the logarithms, was born in the year 1550. http://www.electricscotland.com/history/other/john_napier.htm

Clans Tartans History Travel ... Feedback Significant Scots John Napier By Jeremy Hodges in the Daily Mail, July 8, 2000 He was ‘the person to whom the title of great man is more justly due than to any other whom this country has produced’. In this simple pronouncement, the Scottish intellectual David Flume summed up his fellow countryman John Napier. Yet most Scots know little or nothing about the 16th-century mathematician, philosopher and inventor who, from his secluded tower in Scotland, produced the vital tool needed by mankind to explore the globe and fathom the universe. Without Napier's invention of logarithms and the decimal notation for complex fractions, the discoveries of others such as Galileo, Kepler and Newton would have been hindered by years of long and complex calculations. For decades Napier wrestled with mathematics in the privacy of his home, while his superstitious neighbours grew convinced he was involved in sorcery and witchcraft. Dressing in a long, black gown to match his thick, black beard, he did nothing to dispel their illusions. He achieved one of the greatest mathematical discoveries of all time while living through one of the most violent and turbulent periods in Scotland’s history with his home town of Edinburgh embroiled in civil war and ravaged by the plague. For centuries his reputation remained almost as obscure as the location of his unmarked grave somewhere in the capital. But his name now lives on at Napier University in Edinburgh, this year celebrating the 450th anniversary of his birth in 1550.

32. Napier, John, 8th Laird Of Merchiston napier, john, 8th Laird of Merchiston (15501617). Scottish mathematicianwho invented logarithms 1614 and 'napier's bones', an early http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/Biographies/MainBiographies/N/Napier/1.html

Napier, John, 8th Laird of Merchiston (1550-1617) Scottish mathematician who invented logarithms 1614 and 'Napier's bones', an early mechanical calculating device for multiplication and division. It was Napier who first used and then popularized the decimal point to separate the whole number part from the fractional part of a number. Napier was born in Merchiston Castle, near Edinburgh, and studied at St. Andrews. He never occupied any professional post. English mathematician Henry Briggs went to Edinburgh in 1616 and later to discuss the logarithmic tables with Napier. Together they worked out improvements, such as the idea of using the base ten. Napier also made advances in scientific farming, especially by the use of salt as a fertilizer. In 1597 he patented a hydraulic screw by means of which water could be removed from flooded coal pits. Napier published a denunciation of the Roman Catholic Church, A Plaine Discovery of the Whole Revelation of St John 1593, as well as Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio/Description of the Marvellous Canon of Logarithms 1614 and Mirifici logarithmorum canonis constructio 1619. In Rabdologiae ('numeration by little rods') 1617 he explained his mechanical calculating system and showed how square roots could be extracted by the manipulation of counters on a chessboard.

33. Napier, John (1550-1617) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biography Branch of Science , Mathematicians v. Nationality , Scottish v. napier, john (15501617),Additional biographies MacTutor (St. Andrews). Author Eric W. Weisstein. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Napier.html

Branch of Science Mathematicians Nationality Scottish Napier, John (1550-1617) Additional biographies: MacTutor (St. Andrews) Author: Eric W. Weisstein

34. Napier, John napier, john 15501617, Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms napier,john. 1550-1617, Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms http://www.slider.com/enc/37000/Napier_John.htm

needmoretools.com Home Encyclopeadia N N - Nap ... Rope Ladders Trellian WebPage Slider Search: The Web Encyclopaedia Shopping Index Help Encyclopaedia Napier, John 1550-1617, Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio (1614), containing the first logarithmic table and the first use of the word logarithm. His Rabdologiae (1617) gives various methods for abbreviating arithmetical calculations. One method of multiplication uses a system of numbered rods called Napier's rods, or Napier's bones; this was a major improvement on the ancient system of counters then in use. In 1619, after Napier's death, his Mirifici logarithmorum canonis constructio, which gave the method of construction of his logarithms, was published by his son Robert and edited by Henry Briggs. Napier introduced the decimal point in writing numbers. Napier was also known as an outspoken exponent of the Protestant cause. His religious writings include A Plaine Discovery of the Whole Revelation (1593), the earliest Scottish interpretation of the scriptures.

35. Napier's [John] Trust napier's john Trust Address Headrick Inglis Glen Co 48 West RegentStreet Glasgow G2 2QR. Aims To make grants to a wide variety http://www.charitiesdirect.com/charity9/ch015059.htm

Key Statistics Total Income Admin costs as % of Total Expenditure Admin costs as % of Total Income Total Funds Total Investments Napier's [John] Trust Address: 48 West Regent Street Glasgow Aims: To make grants to a wide variety of charitable causes at the discretion of the trustees Tel: Fax: Domicile: Scotland. Constitution: Trust. Tax exempt no: click on www.charitiesdirect.com for more information

36. John Napier Translate this page john napier (1550 - 1617, Edinburgh, Schottland) john napier (auch Neper)wurde als Erfinder der Logarithmen bekannt. Er veröffentlichte http://www.mathematik.ch/mathematiker/napier.php

Home Geschichte Mathematiker Zitate ... Suche John Napier (1550 - 1617, Edinburgh, Schottland) John Napier (auch: Neper) wurde als Erfinder der Logarithmen bekannt. Er veröffentlichte im Jahre 1614 seine Logarithmen unter dem Titel "Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio". Anders als die heutigen Logarithmen waren Napier's Logarithmen nicht zu einer bestimmten Basis, obwohl man angenähert von einer Basis 1/e ausgehen kann. Sie betreffen nämlich noch eine Konstante 10 , die von der Konstruktion gemäss Neper stammt: Napier dachte nicht an Logarithmen im algebraischen Sinn; in der Tat war Algebra zu dieser Zeit noch zu wenig entwickelt. Er überlegte in folgender dynamischer Weise: Gegeben seien eine Strecke AB und eine Halbgerade (A' X) . Die Punkte C und C' starten nun in A bzw. A' und bewegen sich mit der gleichen Anfangsgeschwindigkeit nach rechts. C' hat konstante Geschwindigkeit; C hat Geschwindigkeit, die jederzeit gleich der Masszahl der Distanz von CB ist. Napier definierte y:= A'C' als den Logarithmus von x: = CB, d.h. y = Nap.log x und wählte die Länge von AB als 10 Es würden also in der heutigen Schreibweise die Gleichungen gelten: y = 10 -t ) (Zeit t) bzw. y = -10

37. Napier, John (1550-1617), Mathématicien écossais, Inventeur Des Logarithmes, D Translate this page napier, john (1550-1617), mathématicien écossais, inventeur des logarithmes,destinés à simplifier les calculs de trigonométrie sphérique. http://www.csaffluents.qc.ca/wjbm/matieres/oaim52/histoire/napier.html

Napier, John Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio Rabdologia

38. Napier, John (1550-1617), Mathématicien écossais, Inventeur Des Logarithmes, D Translate this page Euler, Leonhard (1707-1783), mathématicien suisse, physicien, ingénieur et philosophe,l'un des fondateurs des méthodes de calcul différentiel et intégral http://www.csaffluents.qc.ca/wjbm/matieres/oaim52/histoire/euler .html

Euler, Leonhard Dans son (1755-1759) et Dans ses Leibniz

39. Napier, John encyclopediaEncyclopedia napier, john. napier, john, 1550–1617, Scottishmathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote Mirifici http://www.factmonster.com/cgi-bin/id/A0834833

Encyclopedia Napier, John Napier, John, , Scottish mathematician. He invented logarithms and wrote Mirifici logarithmorum canonis descriptio (1614), containing the first logarithmic table and the first use of the word logarithm. His Rabdologiae (1617) gives various methods for abbreviating arithmetical calculations. One method of multiplication uses a system of numbered rods called Napier's rods, or Napier's bones; this was a major improvement on the ancient system of counters then in use. In 1619, after Napier's death, his Mirifici logarithmorum canonis constructio, which gave the method of construction of his logarithms, was published by his son Robert and edited by Henry Briggs. Napier introduced the decimal point in writing numbers. Napier was also known as an outspoken exponent of the Protestant cause. His religious writings include A Plaine Discovery of the Whole Revelation (1593), the earliest Scottish interpretation of the scriptures. Napier, Sir Charles James Napier, Robert Cornelis, 1st Baron Napier of Magdala AD AD AD AD AD Print this page Cite this page Awards and Press Link to Fact Monster Add Fact Monster search ... Privacy

40. NAPIER, John, A Description Of The Admirable Table Of Logarithmes 12597; WR Macdonald, The Construction of the Wonderful Canon of Logarithms of johnnapier, and a Catalogue of napier's Works (1889) p 146; Honeyman 2290; STC http://www.polybiblio.com/watbooks/2556.html

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