81. Greek Astronomy most powerful creations of Greek science was the mathematical astronomy createdby Hipparchus in the second century BC and given final form by ptolemy in the http://www.ibiblio.org/expo/vatican.exhibit/exhibit/d-mathematics/Greek_astro.ht

Greek Astronomy The Revival of an Ancient Science One of the most powerful creations of Greek science was the mathematical astronomy created by Hipparchus in the second century B.C. and given final form by Ptolemy in the second century A.D. Ptolemy's work was known in the Middle Ages through imperfect Latin versions. In fifteenth-century Italy, however, it was brought back to life. George Trebizond, a Cretan emigre in the curia, produced a new translation and commentary. These proved imperfect and aroused much heated criticism. But a German astronomer, Johannes Regiomontanus, a protege of the brilliant Greek churchman Cardinal Bessarion, came to Italy with his patron, learned Greek, and produced a full-scale "Epitome" of Ptolemy's work from which most astronomers learned their art for the next century and more. Copernicus was only one of the celebrities of the Scientific Revolution whose work rested in large part on the study of ancient science carried out in fifteenth-century Italy. Byzantine Astronomical Collection In Greek, Before 1308

82. Ptolemy Home Page Paul Schaffranke. Senior Epigrapher, Senior Historian of Alexander Helios,Inc. © 1997 ptolemy Productions Inc. ©MM Alexander Helios, Inc. http://www.illinoismysterycave.com/

Welcome to the Official Web Site of Alexander Helios, Inc. Artifacts Cave Images Bio's Articles ... Contact This Exclusive Website is Dedicated to the Archaeological Discovery of Marion County, Illinois What Happened Content, Objective, and Overview Who We Are and Why We would like to welcome you to our WebSite and we want you to join us on a journey that does not parallel anything that has been previously presented by academia in the fields of history and archaeology. What you are about to explore is a chapter of ancient history that has been omitted or lost when referring to classical sources. It is also a very important chapter of North American history. Alexander Helios, Inc. has been pursuing this great archaeological discovery for several years. Unfortunately, as with many other historical sites, looting by the original discoverer has been a major obstacle in revealing the whole truth. Precious artifacts have been scattered about and sold to private collectors, and many have suffered damage as a result. The looter on many occasions has threatened our lives and law enforcement has been unable to act due to the controversy surrounding this ancient site. According to the experts, such an archaeological deposit from the Mediterranean basin, now in North America should not exist. Closed mindedness is a tragedy that plagues our academics. On the brighter side of the spectrum, we were able to amass large quantities of information from the artifacts as to who the people were that constructed the "Illinois Cave" and the identities of the corpses that lay interred within it. You will now have the opportunity to review additional the articles published regarding this find.

83. Jade Environmental Noise Monitoring Software ptolemy Services produces Jade software for monitoring environmental noise.Convert almost ptolemy Services is 10 years old! To celebrate http://www.ptolserv.com/

Home Jade Download Accessories ... About Us Ptolemy Services is 10 years old! To celebrate we are giving a 10% discount on the price of Jade 2 for all orders received by February 28 2003. Jade 2 Environmental Noise Monitoring Software Ptolemy Services produces Jade noise software for monitoring environmental noise. Jade converts almost any low-cost sound level meter into a data logger using a PC with a standard sound card. Jade will work with a variety of meters from manufacturers such as CEL, Cirrus Research, Bruel and Kjaer, Onno Sokki and others. We also supply sound level meters, calibrators and related accessories . We have an international perspective and supply the acoustics community world-wide. Jade 2 captures noise data using the AC output from a sound level meter direct to your PC. No special hardware is required - other than a cable! :-) Click here for more information about Jade Available now: Jade 2.65 All the features of Jade 2.4, plus improved support for embedded sound cards (for portable PC users) and Windows XP. Jade 2.65 is a no-charge upgrade for existing registered users of Jade 2.4 or later. Also available: Jade 2.65 viewing-only version

84. Ptolemaic And Roman Egypt: 332 BC-395 AD among his most powerful generals, and Egypt came under the control of the general,Philip Arrhidaeus, and then Alexander IV, and finally ptolemy I. ptolemy I http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/EGYPT/PTOLEMY.HTM

Alexandria Change to . . . Egyptian History and Peoples Egyptian Prehistory The Two Lands: The Archaic Period The Old Kingdom The First Intermediate Period The Middle Kingdom The Second Intermediate Period The New Kingdom The Third Intermediate Period The Late Period Ptolemaic and Roman Egypt Hieroglyphics The Egyptian Underworld Gallery of Ancient Egypt Egypt Timeline Readings in Egyptian Culture Ancient Egypt Atlas A Glossary of Egyptian Terms and Concepts Internet Resources on Egypt About "Egypt, A Learning Module" Bibliography of Sources ©1996, Richard Hooker For information contact: Richard Hines Updated 6-6-1999

85. CTCWeb Glossary: P (paedagogus To Pyxis) being. Ancient Egyptian Gods Ptah. ptolemy Click here to hear this wordpronounced. - the Ptolemaic Aegean Sea;. ptolemy IV, 221-210? BCE, http://ablemedia.com/ctcweb/glossary/glossaryp.html

A B C D ... How to link to the Global Glossary P paedagogus - a slave or freedman in charge of educating children; paedagogus were employed by wealthy families that could afford their fees. paidotribes The Ancient Olympics painter - the person who painted a vase; Sometimes an ancient Greek vase painter signed a name or painted his shop's symbol on a vase thus a vase will be attributed to a person or painters' shop. palaestra scene - a scene in which wrestler are being trained; a palaestra is a wrestling school, see the Olympia, Palaestra ; for an example of a palaestra scene, see Boston 01.8019 image Palatine Hill - one of the seven hills of Rome on which was found the earliest evidence of Roman civilization (eighth century BCE ). The home of Evander and Pallas in the Aeneid. Pallas - epithet for Athena ; (2) daughter of Triton who grew up with Athena; together Athena and Pallas practiced warfare but one day, just as Pallas was about to strike Zeus feared for Athena and appeared between the two girls; Zeus held the

86. Ptolemy encyclopediaEncyclopedia ptolemy. ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus), fl. 2d cent.AD, celebrated GrecoEgyptian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer. http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0840425.html

The # 1 wireless color security cam! Ultimate home movie ! Genuine Indian and Asian astrology reports and consultations by reputed Vedic Astrologers. Step-by-step guide to finding money for a growing business All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia Ptolemy Ptolemy (Claudius Ptolemaeus), fl. 2d cent. A.D. , celebrated Greco-Egyptian mathematician, astronomer, and geographer. He made his observations in Alexandria and was the last great astronomer of ancient times. Although he discovered the irregularity in the moon's motion, known as evection, and made original observations regarding the motions of the planets, his place in the history of science is that of collator and expounder. He systematized and recorded the data and doctrines that were known to Alexandrian men of science. His works on astronomy and geography were the standard textbooks until the teachings of Copernicus came to be accepted. The mathematical and astronomical systems developed by the Greeks are contained in his 13-volume work

87. ‘‹‚Ì“m - PTOLEMY ptolemy ? ? rxw03323@nifty.com . ? http//homepage1.nifty.com/ptolemy/. 4,500?. http://www.forest.impress.co.jp/library/ptolemy.html

‘‹‚Ì“m‚ðŽg‚¤‚ɂ́H ‘‹‚Ì“m‚Ƃ́H ‘‹‚Ì“m‚ÌŽg‚¢•û ‘Sƒ_ƒEƒ“ƒ[ƒhƒTƒCƒg ... Windows Me”Å ÅVNEWS yReview NEWSz ZŠ‚âŽsŠO‹Ç”Ô‚È‚Ç‚©‚ç—X•Ö”ԍ†‚ðŒŸõ‚Å‚«‚éuV—X•Ö”ԍ†ƒT[ƒ`v‚ªŒöŠJ ‚³‚Ü‚´‚܂ȐF‚É‹P‚­Œõ‚Ì‹Ê‚ª”ò‚ÑŒð‚¤—lŽq‚ð•`‚­ƒXƒNƒŠ[ƒ“ƒZ[ƒo[uhikariv yRelease NEWSz yReview NEWSz ƒhƒ‰ƒbƒO•ƒhƒƒbƒv‚µ‚½ƒtƒ@ƒCƒ‹‚Ì•¶Žš—ñ‚ðˆêŠ‡’uŠ·‚Å‚«‚éu˜A‘±‘S’uŠ·‚³‚ñv yRelease NEWSz iINTERNET Watchj ‘‹‚Ì“mƒ‰ƒCƒuƒ‰ƒŠ 3ŒŽ”Å ƒWƒƒƒ“ƒ‹•ÊINDEX ‚ ‚¢‚¤‚¦‚¨‡INDEX ƒgƒbƒvƒy[ƒW ƒrƒWƒlƒXEŠwK PTOLEMY ƒ_ƒEƒ“ƒ[ƒhƒTƒCƒgF PTOLEMY v2.17.01 KB rxw03323@nifty.com http://homepage1.nifty.com/ptolemy/ ƒVƒFƒAƒEƒFƒA 4,500‰~ ƒgƒbƒvƒy[ƒW‚Ö •ÒW•”‚ւ̘A—‚Í mado-no-mori-info@impress.co.jp

88. (54) Egypt, Ptolemy I Soter (54) Egypt, ptolemy I Soter AR tetradrachm, c. 305-283 BC, 14.31 g. (inv. 91.096).Obverse Diademed head of ptolemy I r., with aegis; small behind ear. http://www.lawrence.edu/dept/art/buerger/catalogue/054.html

(54) Egypt, Ptolemy I Soter - AR tetradrachm, c. 305-283 B.C., 14.31 g. (inv. 91.096). Obverse: Diademed head of Ptolemy I r., with aegis; small behind ear. Reverse: Eagle standing l. on thunderbolt, wings open; in l. field, above monogram; : of King Ptolemy. Provenance: Edward Gans, 1959. Bibliography: Early Hellenistic Coinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamea (336-188 B.C.) (Cambridge 1991) 63-66. After the death of Alexander the Great in 323 B.C., his general Ptolemy claimed Alexander's land in Egypt. In 305/04 B.C. he assumed the title of king, and the same year he was given the title Soter or Savior for saving the people of Rhodes from Demetrios Poliorketes, king of Macedonia (see no. ). The Ptolemaic dynasty that he established controlled Egypt until it was taken by Rome in 31 B.C. Ptolemy's first coinage depicted a portrait of the deified Alexander on the obverse, but with his increasing independence he became the first of Alexander's successors to replace it with his own image. The portrait is highly individualized, with deep-set eyes, high forehead, beaked nose, and prominent chin, and yet the distant gaze, partially open mouth, and the arrangement of the hair recall portraits of Alexander. He wears the royal diadem and an aegis, an attribute of his patron deity, Zeus, around his neck. This portrait type continued on the obverse of tetradrachms throughout the Ptolemaic dynasty (see nos. ). This coin is dated to the reign of Ptolemy I by the small

89. Adventures In CyberSound: Ptolemaeus - Claudius (Ptolemy) ADVENTURES in CYBERSOUND. Claudius Ptolemaeus 'ptolemy' 90-168 AD.ptolemy Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus (fl. AD 127-145, Alexandria http://www.acmi.net.au/AIC/PTOLEMY_BIO.html

A D V E N T U R E S in C Y B E R S O U N D Claudius Ptolemaeus - 'Ptolemy' : 90-168 AD Ptolemy Latin in full Claudius Ptolemaeus (fl. AD 127-145, Alexandria), ancient astronomer, geographer, and mathematician who considered the Earth the centre of the universe (the "Ptolemaic system"). Virtually nothing is known about his life. Astronomical work His astronomical work was enshrined in his great book He mathematike syntaxis ("The Mathematical Collection"), which eventually became known as Ho megas astronomos ("The Great Astronomer"). During the 9th century, however, Arab astronomers used the Greek superlative Megiste to refer to the book. When the definite article al was prefixed to the term, its title then became known as the Almagest , the name still used today. The Almagest is divided into 13 books, each of which deals with certain astronomical concepts pertaining to stars and to objects in the solar system (the Earth and all other celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun). It was, no doubt, the encyclopaedic nature of the work that made the Almagest so useful to later astronomers and that gave the views contained in it so profound an influence.

90. Ptolemy I. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001. ptolemy I. ptolemy received Egyptand managed to keep control of it in the midst of incessant warfare. http://www.bartleby.com/65/pt/Ptlmy1.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Ptolemy I (Ptolemy Soter) (t m s r) ( KEY ) , d. 284

91. Ptolemy VIII ptolemy VIII. ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Tryphon 1 and ptolemy IX 22. ptolemy VIII's titles as king of Egypt were 23 Horus Hwnw http://www.geocities.com/christopherjbennett/ptolemies/ptolemy_viii.htm

[HOME] Ptolemy VIII Ptolemy VIII Euergetes II Tryphon also known as Ptolemy the Y ounger , and Ptolemy Kakergetes and Ptolemy Physcon , king of Egypt, son of Ptolemy V by Cleopatra I , date of birth unknown, here estimated to be c. 184/3 , became coruler with his siblings Ptolemy VI and Cleopatra II probably on 1 Thoth year 12 = year 1 = 5 October 170 , remained in Alexandria with Cleopatra II after the flight of Ptolemy VI in 169 , expelled Ptolemy VI and Cleopatra II in c. November 164 , expelled in turn by the Alexandrian mob in summer 163 , made king of Cyrene by settlement imposed by the Roman senate , recalled to Alexandria to become king with Cleopatra II on the death of Ptolemy VI in 145 , incorporated in the dynastic cult with Cleopatra II in 145/4 as the Beneficient Gods, Qeoi Euergetai , crowned in Memphis 144/2 , associated his stepdaughter Cleopatra III in the rulership and the dynastic cult between 14 Pharmouthi year 29 = 8 May 141 and and either 20 Choiak year 30 = 14 January 140 or 10-19 Tybi year 31 = 3-12 February 139 suppressed the rebellion of Harsiesi in Middle and Upper Egypt after 27 Mesore year 40 = 16 September 130 , expelled from Alexandria with Cleopatra III by the rebellion of Cleopatra II in 130 , probably did not briefly rule in Cyprus with his son Ptolemy Memphites as coregent , returned to Egypt shortly thereafter and ruled in civil war against Cleopatra II

92. Ptolemy Class CGI MODELLING ARTWORK. ptolemy CLASS. This is another Franz Josephdesign A ptolemy Class tug, with and without the haulage container. http://www.trekmania.net/art/ptolemy_class.htm

CGI MODELLING ARTWORK PTOLEMY CLASS This is another Franz Joseph design, and can be found in the Starfleet Technical Manual A Ptolemy Class tug, with and without the haulage container This was simply a kitbash of the Constitution Class, like the Saladin and Paladin. But vessels of the TOS and pre-TOS era are going to have similar design themes, so it isn't utterly implausible... Ptolemy with three connected containers (although the Tech Manual says it can tug only two at a time :) Please Email Me fellow 3D starship modellers, I'd welcome your feedback / suggestions... Please, if you wish to use these images on your website, or anywhere else, please ask for my permission first. Thanks. 3D Art Index Daedalus Class Pioneer Class Illustrious Class ... Non-Trek and Others

93. Ptolemy's World - Bell Library: Maps And Mapmakers http://bell.lib.umn.edu/map/PTO/indexpt.html

94. Ptolemy's Epicycles ptolemy's Epicycles. © Copyright 2002, Jim Loy. And on the right, we have ptolemy'sattempt to explain retrograde motion with a fixed Earth, using epicycles. http://www.jimloy.com/cindy/ptolemy.htm

Return to my Cinderella pages Return to my Mathematics pages Go to my home page Ptolemy's Epicycles The following is an animated Java applet, created with Cinderella (a geometry program). On the left, we have the Sun and two planets; the blue one represents the Earth, and the red one represents Mars. None of this is drawn to scale. In the center, I have shown Mars' retrograde motion, the way it appears to go backward in the sky. This happens because the faster Earth passes the slower outer planet (in the left part of the diagram). And on the right, we have Ptolemy's attempt to explain retrograde motion with a fixed Earth, using epicycles. Both ideas (Copernicus' Sun-centered system, and Ptolemy's Earth-centered system) seem to work well. But the Sun-centered system is the true situation: Please enable Java for an interactive construction (with Cinderella). Return to my Cinderella pages Return to my Mathematics pages Go to my home page

95. Ptolemy, Greece, Ancient History ptolemy (c.100170). Claudius Ptolemaeus was born in Greece who workedmost of his life in Alexandria, Egypt. He was a brilliant http://www.in2greece.com/english/historymyth/history/ancient/ptolemy.htm

Ptolemy (c.100-170) Claudius Ptolemaeus was born in Greece who worked most of his life in Alexandria, Egypt. He was a brilliant mathematician, geographer and astronomer whose theories dominated the Western world until about the 16th century. He believed the stars were static and worked out a geometric method to define the motions and positions of the Sun, moon and planets. He also believed that the Earth was a sphere and the centre of the Universe, with the other heavenly bodies circulating around it. Ptolemy also contributed to trigonometry, and and combined astronomy with astrology, wrote a book on geography, influencing map makers for centuries after. He studied light and created a theory on music as well. Webmistress V.E.K. Sandels Home Who is Who in ... -Antigonos Gonatas -Antigonos Monophtalmos -Antipater -Antisthenes -Anyte -Apelles ... -Zeuxis

96. The Ptolemy Project ptolemy. The ptolemy Project ptolemy is oriented towards heterogenousmodeling and design of complex systems. ptolemy aims to combine http://www.gigascale.org/ptolemy/

Workspaces agexec agtech bear bookshelf buildmaster caltrop cases compaan compose concurrency datamodel dif diva dopcenter embedded example fabricsthrust faculty fcrpexec fresco giotto gsrcadmin gsrcag gsrcexec gtx hils infrax keyacct marcov mescal metrics metropolis mica mobies mocha mvsis nephest nexsis picoradio polis powertools ptexternal ptolemy schema sec semantics shift slip smartnets softdevel systems testgroup testthrust ucladb video wow ptolemy The Ptolemy Project Ptolemy is oriented towards heterogenous modeling and design of complex systems. Ptolemy aims to combine different models of computation in meaningful ways, so that complex systems can be designed in a coherent fashion. This is the home page for the GSRC work related to the Ptolemy II work headed by Professor Edward A. Lee. Eventually this page will contain a demo of the Ptolemy II framework relevant to the GSRC research, and current releases of the software. Public Pages Ptolemy Public home page Ptolemy II Public home page - Including the most recent release. Ptolemy II External Developers Group This group has the following subpages: Overview Search Mailing lists Discussion forum ... Calendar You are not logged in

97. Mailing Lists For Ptolemy This list contains all of the members (but not the guests) of ptolemy.If you are a member of ptolemy, you are automatically on this list. http://www.gigascale.org/ptolemy/listinfo/ptolemy/

Workspaces agexec agtech bear bookshelf buildmaster caltrop cases compaan compose concurrency datamodel dif diva dopcenter embedded example fabricsthrust faculty fcrpexec fresco giotto gsrcadmin gsrcag gsrcexec gtx hils infrax keyacct marcov mescal metrics metropolis mica mobies mocha mvsis nephest nexsis picoradio polis powertools ptexternal ptolemy schema sec semantics shift slip smartnets softdevel systems testgroup testthrust ucladb video wow Contents Group Administrivia New User Study Group Paper Group ... ptII/doc Mailing lists ptolemy ptolemy-interest The Ptolemy Project Mailing lists ptolemy If you have an account on this web-site, you should log in before attempting to change your mail options. Group member mailing list This list contains all of the members (but not the guests) of ptolemy . If you are a member of ptolemy , you are automatically on this list. Anyone can send mail to this list. Search ptolemy Mailing Lists List address log in For more information about mail lists, see the GSRC Mail List FAQ section You are not logged in

98. Ptolemy - Geographer, Mathematician, Astronomer ptolemy (also known as Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Roman scholar who wasa geographer, astronomer, and mathematician. ptolemy Guide picks. http://geography.about.com/cs/ptolemy/

zfp=-1 About Homework Help Geography Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Geography with Matt Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS World Atlas and Maps Geography Answers Glossary ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Ptolemy Guide picks Ptolemy (also known as Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Roman scholar who was a geographer, astronomer, and mathematician. He wrote a book about astronomy called The Almagest and created a gazetteer called The Geography. Ptolemy Your Guide's biographical and geographical sketch of the ancient Roman scholar Ptolemy as a geographer who was the inventor of latitude and longitude. The Geography The Geography was Ptolemy's gazetteer of the known world, listing tables of places in Europe, Africa, and Asia. Its eight volumes are being placed online at this site, which includes very basic sketch maps of the locations listed in each volume. Ptolemy, the Man

99. Ptolemy The story of the scholar ptolemy Claudius Ptolemaeus, from yourAbout.com Guide. ptolemy. Dateline 08/07/99 Not much is known http://geography.about.com/library/weekly/aa080799.htm

zfp=-1 About Homework Help Geography Search in this topic on About on the Web in Products Web Hosting Geography with Matt Rosenberg Your Guide to one of hundreds of sites Home Articles Forums ... Help zmhp('style="color:#fff"') Subjects ESSENTIALS World Atlas and Maps Geography Answers Glossary ... All articles on this topic Stay up-to-date! Subscribe to our newsletter. Advertising Free Credit Report Free Psychics Advertisement Ptolemy Dateline: 08/07/99 Not much is known about the life of the Roman scholar Claudius Ptolemaeus who is more commonly known as Ptolemy. However, he was estimated to have lived from approximately 90 to 170 CE and he worked in the library at Alexandria from 127 to 150. He is known for his three scholarly works: the Almagest - which focused on astronomy and geometry, the Tetrabiblos - which focused on astrology, and, most importantly, Geography - which advanced geographic knowledge. Geography consisted of eight volumes. The first discussed the problems of representing a spherical earth on a flat sheet of paper (remember, ancient Greek and Roman scholars knew the earth was round) and provided information about map projections . The second through seventh volumes of the work were a gazetteer of sorts, as a collection of eight thousand places around the world. This gazetteer was remarkable for Ptolemy invented

100. Hubcap Creatures By Ptolemy http://www.hubcapcreatures.com/

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