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There has been considerable interest in recent years in finding methods to efficiently generate large volumes of atmospheric pressure air plasmas at modest temperatures below 2000 K with electron number densities of the order of 1013 cm-3. These reactive air plasmas have numerous applications based on their medical, biological, environmental, electromagnetic, and aerodynamic effects. There is considerable industrial interest in air plasmas for the benefits it can offer to existing and potential new processes as they do not require a vacuum enclosure and or additional feed gases.

This book reviews recent advances in the generation and maintenance of atmospheric-pressure plasmas with a special emphasis on plasmas in ambient air and their applications. The book provides a state-of-the-art summary of methods to generate and sustain atmospheric-pressure plasmas in air, diagnose and characterize the plasmas in terms of electron temperature, electron energy distribution functions, electron density, neutral and ion temperatures and energy distribution functions, elucidate the electron kinetics and the key plasma chemical reaction processes in these plasmas, highlight the latest development in modeling and simulation, and point to the most promising current and future technological applications of atmospheric-pressure air plasmas.

The book will cover results of work that has been in the forefront of research and development in the United States and elsewhere over the last few years, and will be critical reading for graduate students and researchers in industry and academia. Furthermore, since this is a technical field of international interest, it is anticipated that there will be a significant international audience for this book, particularly in Europe, Japan, and Korea. ... Read more

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Radiation theory and measurements are at the core of the climate change debate. This new book describes in detail the basic physics used in radiative transfer codes that are a key part of climate prediction models. The basic principles are extended to the atmospheres of the Earth and the other planets, illustrating the greenhouse effect and other radiation-based phenomena at work. Several chapters deal with the techniques and measurements for monitoring the Earth's radiation budget and thus tracking global change and its effects. Remote sensing instruments on satellite and the theory of remote sensing are also covered. The book is the first comprehensive new publication on atmospheric radiation in more than a decade, and the first to link the theoretical and experimental aspects of the subject to the contemporary climate problem. ... Read more

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Taking the study of atmospheric science beyond the daily weather map, Climatology explores the broader impacts of weather and climate. The authors cover multiple facets of climate, many of which play a significant role in everyday life—and examine many topics, such as past climates, that are seldom adequately covered in other introductions to the subject. The science behind widely publicized events is explained within the systematic coverage of climate and climatology. The relationships between climate and peopleare discussed in detail, and readers are shown how common things ranging from wind-chill to architecture are understood in the wider context of climate. In the Third Edition, data and information have been updated throughout and significant coverage is devoted to climate change.
Climatology in the World Today; Energy and the Climate System; Atmospheric Temperatures; Climate and the Hydrologic Cycle; Wind and Circulation Patterns; Atmosphere-Ocean Interactions; Air Mass and Synoptic Climatology; Air Mass and Synoptic Climatology; Climatology of Atmospheric Storms; Natural Causes of Climate Change; Reconstruction of Past Climates; Greenhouse Gases and Global Warming; Climate Change and the Physical Environment; Climate Change and the Living World; Changes in Atmospheric Chemistry; Regional Climates: Scales of Study; Tropical Climates; Mid-Latitude Climates; Polar and Highland Climates; The Human Response to Climate; Climate, Agriculture, and Industry.
A useful reference for anyone who wants to learn more about Earth’s climate and weather.

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Develops the concepts of quantum theory for the solid state from basics to a level beyond broader texts in a single sourcebook. Appropriate prior knowledge is assumed - and it applies that knowledge to build an understanding of three topics, namely semiconductors, magnetism and superconductivity. ... Read more

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This book is a textbook, but also aimed at the
general scientific reader, and describes the physics
that underpins environmental processes. these incluce
global warming, ozone depletion, energy use and
prospects for cleaner energy, weather (including
cloud physics) and climate and the physics of soils. ... Read more

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Updated and revised, this highly successful text details the basic chemical principles required for modern studies of atmospheres, oceans, and Earth and planetary systems. This completely accessible introduction allows undergraduate and graduate students with little formal training in chemistry to grasp such fundamental concepts as chemical equilibria, chemical thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, solution chemistry, acid and base chemistry, oxidation-reduction reactions, and photochemistry.In the companion volume Introduction to Atmospheric Chemistry (also to be published in May 2000), Peter Hobbs details atmospheric chemistry itself, including its applications to air pollution, acid rain, the ozone hole, and climate change. Together these two books offer an ideal introduction to atmospheric chemistry for a variety of disciplines. ... Read more

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Proceedings of the 15th Annual Meeting on Atmospheric Studies by Optical Methods, held in Granada, Spain, September 6-11, 1987 ... Read more

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Environmental Physics provides a comprehensive introduction to this increasingly important area of applied physics. Covering both atmospheric and soil physics, the reader is introduced to the physics that is needed to understand, analyse and prevent environmental problems. Whilst the rigor and methodology has been maintained in the Second Edition there has been a greater integration of physics with the natural environment throughout the text. More student exercises have been added to each chapter and more information has been provided to help the reader solve them. Some of the more challenging mathematics has been removed, and greater emphasis has been placed on the interpretation of spectra.

FEATURES

Carefully structured, topics are gradually introduced within each chapter, each of which conclude with student exercises and references.

Thoroughly updated throughout, with more modern examples and applications, and less abstract mathematicsMore student exercises along with increased help for solving them.

Greater emphasis on the interpretation of spectra.

CONTENTS: |Introduction: The Essentials of Environmental Physics; Elementary Spectroscopy; The Global Climate; Energy for Human Use; Transport of Pollutants; Noise; Environmental Spectroscopy: Some Examples; The Context of Society; Gauss, Delta and Error Functions; Vector Differentiations; Physical and Numerical Constants. ... Read more

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Motion is manifest in the atmosphere in an almost infinite variety of ways. In Dynamics in Atmospheric Physics, Dr. Richard Lindzen describes the nature of motion in the atmosphere, develops fluid dynamics relevant to the atmosphere, and explores the role of motion in determining the climate and atmospheric composition. The author presents the material in a lecture note style, and the emphasis throughout is on describing phenomena that are at the frontiers of current research, but due attention is given to the methodology of research and to the historical background of these topics.The author's treatment and choice of topics is didactic. Problems at the end of each chapter will help students assimilate the material. In general the discussions emphasize physical concepts, and throughout Dr. Lindzen makes a concerted effort to avoid the notion that dynamic meteorology is simply the derivation of equations and their subsequent solution. His desire is that interested students will delve further into solution details.The book is intended as a text for first year graduate students in the atmospheric sciences. Although the material in the book is self contained, a familiarity with differential equations is assumed; some background in fluid mechanics is helpful. ... Read more

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This book is addressed to those who wish to understand the relationship between atmospheric phenomena and the nature of matter as expressed in the principles of physics. The interesting atmospheric phenomena are more than applications of gravitation, of thermodynamics, of hydrodynamics, or of electrodynamics; and mastery of the results of controlled experiment and of the related theory alone does not imply an understanding of atmospheric phenomena. This distinction arises because the extent and the complexity of the atmosphere permit effects and interactions that are entirely negligible in the laboratory or are deliberately excluded from it. the objective of laboratory physics is, by isolating the relevant variables, to reveal the fundamental properties of matter; whereas the objective of atmospheric physics, or of any observational science, is to understand those phenomena that are characteristic of the whole system. For these reasons the exposition of atmospheric physics requires substantial extensions of classical physics. It also requires that understanding be based on a coherent "way of seeing" the ensemble of atmospheric phenomena. Only then is understanding likely to stimulate still more general insights. ... Read more

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During the last three decades, it has become increasingly clear that atmospheric modelling and remote sounding of the atmosphere from space, to name just two important application areas, are affected by non-equilibrium processes which have not been incorporated into traditional radiative transfer calculations. These processes, dubbed "non-LTE", are therefore the subject of growing interest among scholars and researchers dealing with the upper atmosphere. This book provides a comprehensive and "global" description of non-LTE infrared emissions in the atmosphere of the Earth and other planets, starting with the theoretical foundations and progressing to the most important applications. Besides giving an introduction to this complex subject, it is a guide to the state-of-the-art in incorporating non-LTE processes into radiative transfer algorithms and computer models of the atmosphere. Numerous examples are presented of the application of these methods to: atmospheric remote sensing, atmospheric energy budget (cooling and heating rate) calculations, and atmospheres other than the Earth's. ... Read more

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Offering a rigorous account of all aspects of the physical and chemical behavior of air pollutants, this book furnishes a clear analysis of the chemistry of atmospheric pollutants, an extensive treatment of the formation, thermodynamics and dynamics of atmospheric aerosols and a basic review of atmospheric diffusion with commonly used atmospheric diffusion formulas derived from first principles. It covers atmospheric removal processes, including wet and dry deposition, statistical distributions of atmospheric concentrations and a discussion of acid rain. Included are numerous problems, and all major chapters offer up-to-date bibliographies. ... Read more

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Physics of the Environment and Climate brings together the basic concepts of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, external geophysics, plant biology and ecology, which are important in the understanding of the complex global and climatological phenomena relating to the environment. Providing a single source for information previously found scattered among specialised books in physics, meteorology, climatology, ecophysiology and agronomy, this book provides a clear exposition of a wide-ranging subject. ... Read more

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This work is concerned with the atmosphere and how the understanding of its behaviour could be facilitated by the observations and modelling of these interacting processes planned within the framework of the EOS programme. The Enrico Fermi school on which the book is based, was organized in such as way that general introductory lectures were followed by reviews of the planned EOS instruments and observational strategy to study specific components and processes in the Earth-atmosphere system. The book is divided into four parts. It begins with an overview of the Earth Observing System concept and provides a general introduction to Earth System Science. It then deals with the troposphere and includes a comprehensive introduction to the problems of tropospheric chemistry. The more traditional view of the troposphere as the stage for dynamics and meterology is also dealt with. The climatic system is discussed in detail in the third section and includes the most important advances made in recent years in understanding some of these processes which have come from satellite observations. The final part deals with the middle atmosphere.The interest in ozone has made this region of the atmosphere the most closely studied in the last few years, in an attempt to establish how much of the changes in its composition may be attributable to natural variability and how much to anthropogenic influence. ... Read more

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This textbook focuses on the physics and chemistry of the Earth's upper atmosphere, which is bounded at the bottom by a pressure level at which most of the incoming ionizing radiation has been absorbed, and bounded at the top by the level at which the escape of gas becomes important. The plan of the book is to identify the multitude of processes that operate in the upper atmosphere, and to relate them to observed phenomena by detailed mathematical and physical descriptions of the governing processes. Basic information from many disciplines such as radiation physics and chemistry, fluid dynamics, optics, and spectroscopy is skilfully marshalled to give a coherent account of the upper atmosphere. This book is outstanding as an introduction to the primary literature and current problems for students of physics or chemistry. The text is supported by numerous diagrams, bibliography and index. ... Read more

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The author considers meteorology as a part of fluid dynamics. He tries to derive the properties of atmospheric flows from a rational analysis of the Navier-Stokes equations, at the same time analyzing various types of initial and boundary problems. This approach to simulate nature by models from fluid dynamics will be of interest to both scientists and students of physics and theoretical meteorology. ... Read more