Geometry.Net - Health_Conditions: Cholera

Cholera
Back to common travel disease menucholera. The Disease An infectionof the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholera.
http://www.nevdgp.org.au/travel/dis/cholera.htm

Extractions: Cholera is an acute illness characterised by watery diarrhoea. The toxin released by the bacteria can produce massive diarrhoea. Death can result from the severe dehydration brought on by the diarrhoea. Cholera occurs in epidemics when conditions of poor sanitation, crowding, war, and famine are present. Endemic areas include India, Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean, and more recently, South and Central America, Mexico, and the U.S.. The infection is acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water. A type of vibrio also has been associated with shellfish, especially raw oysters. Risk: The risk of contracting Cholera is estimated at only 1 in 100,000 travellers. Indications for current vaccination: Travellers to highly endemic areas who do not have ready access to medical attention and in those with impaired gastric defences. Two new oral vaccines (likely to be available in Australia in 2000) The WC/rBS vaccine (inactivated vaccine) and provides 85% efficacy, with 72% protection at 3 years in those over 5 years. 2 doses 1 - 2 weeks apart.
Fachärzte Reisemedizin: Cholera Infektion, Durchfall
Translate this page Bei Durchfällen nach Auslandsreisen ist auch an cholera zu denken, insbesonderenach Aufenthalten in Zentral- und ostafrikanischen Ländern, in Südamerika
http://www.fachaerzte.com/ziegler/Fachinformationen/cholera.htm
AllAfrica.com -- South Africa: Transkei Man In Cholera Witchcraft Row Is Shot De
Transkei Man in cholera Witchcraft Row is Shot Dead, Email This Page Print ThisPage. She apparently fell ill while treating cholera patients late last year.
http://allafrica.com/stories/200302050411.html

Extractions: Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde Central African Republic Chad Comoros Congo-Brazzaville Congo-Kinshasa Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Sao Tomé and Principé Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Western Sahara Zambia Zimbabwe Bisho A man suspected of poisoning his village's water supply was accused of witchcraft and shot dead earlier this week, said police and Health department officials. They said residents of Ndlwalane, Lusikisi, believed that the unidentified man had poured something into a local river that caused a cholera outbreak which has so far killed 12 people. The latest victim of epidemic was a local nurse, who had been admitted to the Holy Cross Hospital. She apparently fell ill while treating cholera patients late last year. Health Department spokesperson Sizwe Kupelo said the incident was reported when district officials visited the village on Monday as part of a cholera awareness campaign.
Snow's Cholera Map
Snow's cholera Map. The Each coordinate point in the file deaths specifies the address of a person who died from cholera. When
http://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/pubs/snow/snow.html

Extractions: Snow's Cholera Map The significance of Snow's famous cholera map (a piece of which is shown here In 1992, as part of the development work for an NCGIA technical report, Rusty Dodson of NCGIA Santa Barbara, digitized details from Snow's map reproduced in: The scale of the source map is approx. 1:2000. Coordinate units are meters. The data in these files consists of: Each coordinate point in the file "deaths" specifies the address of a person who died from cholera. When many points are associated with a single street address, they are "stacked" in a line away from the street so that they are more easily visualized. This is how they are displayed on John Snow's original map. The dates of the deaths are not recorded. The data files were created for a student exercise included in NCGIA Technical Report 93-5: Teaching Introductory Geographical Data Analysis with GIS: A Laboratory Guide for an Integrated Spacestat/Idrisi Environment, edited by Rusty Dodson, preface by Luc Anselin.
NWHC: Avian Cholera Information
Integrated studies on waterfowl and wetland ecosystems have been investigatinghow avian cholera is maintained and spread across the country.
http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/research/avian_cholera/avian_cholera.html

Extractions: [Text-only Version] Biologists from the USGS, in collaboration with other resource agencies, have been working to untangle the ecological complexities of an infectious bacterial disease called Avian Cholera . Integrated studies on waterfowl and wetland ecosystems have been investigating how avian cholera is maintained and spread across the country. Results implicate birds as the most likely reservoir for perpetuating this deadly disease. Avian cholera is one of the most common diseases among wild North American waterfowl. It is the result of infection with the bacterium Pasteurella multocida . This bacterium kills swiftly, sometimes in as few as six to twelve hours after infection. Live bacteria released into the environment by dead and dying birds can subsequently infect healthy birds. As a result, avian cholera can spread quickly through a wetland and kill thousands of birds in a single outbreak. Biologists from NWHC looked for living bacteria in water of affected wetlands throughout the U.S. In many cases, they were able to isolate bacteria in samples taken during disease outbreaks. In contrast, samples collected 1-3 months following winter or spring outbreaks or in the subsequent fall did not contain
Avain Cholera
AVIAN cholera. Cause. Bacteria Pasteurella multocida. These lesions are indicativeof an acute disease process and are not unique to avian cholera infection.
http://www.nwhc.usgs.gov/facts/cholera.html

Extractions: AVIAN CHOLERA Cause Bacteria Pasteurella multocida Host Most species of birds and mammals can become infected with different strains of this bacteria, however, avian cholera in wild birds is primarily caused by one strain, Type 1. The species of birds most commonly affected are ducks and geese, coots, gulls, and crows. Transmission The bacteria can be transmitted by bird-to-bird contact, contact with secretions or feces of infected birds, or ingestion of food or water containing the bacteria. Aerosol tranmission may also occur. The bacteria may survive up to 4 months in soil and water. Clinical Signs/Field Signs Large die-offs are seen primarily in wild ducks and geese where the disease affects birds peracutely. The sudden appearance of large numbers of dead birds in good body condition with few if any sick birds is observed. Death may be so rapid that birds literally fall out of the sky or die while eating with no previous signs of disease. Sick birds appear lethargic, and when captured may die within minutes. Other signs include convulsions; swimming in circles; throwing the head back between the wings; erratic flight, such as flying upside down or trying to land a foot or more above the water; mucous discharge from the mouth; soiling or matting of the feathers around the vent, eyes, and bill; pasty, fawn-colored or yellow droppings; or blood-stained droppings or nasal discharge.
Hepatitis Gelbfieber Malaria Cholera Typhus Reisekrankheiten
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http://www.fit-for-travel.de/reisemedizin/scripts/krankheiten.pl?cholera.htm
ThinkCycle: Open Collaborative Design
Topic cholera Treatment Devices. Resource Cloth filter could cut choleradeaths Some interesting news article from the BBC (excerpts below).
http://www.thinkcycle.org/tc-notes/note-view?topic_id=3262
ThinkCycle: Open Collaborative Design
cholera Treatment Devices. Main Site ThinkCycle Filespace choleraTreatment Devices Management of a patient with cholera, File Folder,
http://www.thinkcycle.org/tc-filesystem/?folder_id=3261
Cholera News - Provided By LentilHealth.com
Exact Phrase Any Match. {survey} This page has all the latest cholera Healthnews, carefully selected from over 2000 online publications. cholera News¬.
http://www.lentilhealth.com/cholera.html
Informationen Zu Tropen-Krankheiten: Cholera
Translate this page cholera Ein Service der PRIMA-Apotheken. © Apotheker Büger, Nürnberg DatenausReise-Impfberatungsprogramm Büger DAZ-Software, cholera.
http://www.bueger.de/prima/KHText/Cholera.htm
MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Cholera
cholera. diarrhea. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top.cholera is an acute illness characterized by watery diarrhea. The
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000303.htm

Extractions: Skip navigation Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Contents of this page: Digestive system Digestive system organs Alternative names Return to top V. cholerae; Vibrio Definition Return to top An infection of the small intestine caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, resulting in profuse watery diarrhea. Causes, incidence, and risk factors Return to top Cholera is an acute illness characterized by watery diarrhea . The toxin released by the bacteria causes increased secretion of water and chloride ions in the intestine, which can produce massive diarrhea. Death can result from the severe dehydration brought on by the diarrhea. Cholera occurs in epidemics when conditions of poor sanitation, crowding, war, and famine are present. Endemic areas include India, Asia, Africa, the Mediterranean, and more recently, South and Central America, and Mexico. The infection is acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water. A type of Vibrio bacteria also has been associated with shellfish , especially raw oysters. Risk factors include residence or travel in endemic areas and exposure to contaminated or untreated drinking water.
How The Cholera Bacterium Got Its Virulence
How the cholera Bacterium Got Its Virulence Harvard Researchers Findcholera Bacterium May Take Instruction From a Virus. BOSTONJune
http://www.hms.harvard.edu/news/releases/696cholera.html

Extractions: Harvard Researchers Find Cholera Bacterium May Take Instruction From a Virus BOSTONJune 28, 1996In 1993, as cholera swept through India, scientists were faced with a set of perplexing questions: What caused the deadly Bengal strain of cholera to reappear? Where did the deadly cholera pathogen come from in the first place? Scientists have known that the cholera bacterium (Vibrio cholera) owes its virulence to two factorsthe cholera toxin and another protein, TCP pili, which enables it to clump together and adhere to the intestines. But how the Vibrio cholera got those deadly factors has been a mystery. Two Harvard Medical School scientists have found a partial answer to the puzzle. It appears that the cholera pathogen responsible for the Indian epidemic (Vibrio cholera 01) picked up one of its most lethal patches of DNAthe gene coding for the cholera toxinfrom a virus, CTX phage. "Here you have this dumb bacteriumVibrio cholerae doesn't know how to become a pathogenand the virus instructs it by introducing the cholera gene into the bacterial genome. The virus is the smart player in the interaction," says John Mekalanos, Shipley Professor of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics. He and Matthew K. Waldor, research fellow in medicine, announced their findings in the June 28 issue of Science. The virus's first clever act is to select its students. It appears to introduce the gene for cholera toxin only into those bacteria that express the TCP pili protein.
Cholera
Bagaimana cholera Merebak. cholera boleh merebak melalui Kuman cholera diri.Tiga langkah yang asas untuk mengelakkan cholera 1
http://www.geocities.com/Eureka/Enterprises/9083/cholera.html

Extractions: Pencegahan Cholera Cholera adalah penyakit yang menyebabkan cirit-birit oleh kanak-kanak dan orang dewasa. Tanda-tanda penyakit cholera adalah keadaan cirit birit (kadangkala muntah-muntah) yang teruk yang boleh menyebabkan seseorang itu kehilangan air yang banyak dan mengakibatkan dehirasi (dehydration). Tanda-tanda dihidrasi adalah lemah dan tidak bermaya, keadaan mulut yang kering. dan juga tidak aktif bagi kanak-kanak. Jika seseorang itu lambat mendapat bantuan., ianya boleh menyebabkan maut. Cholera boleh merebak melalui: Kuman Cholera (Vibrio Cholera) boleh merebak melalui medium air, samada air sungai, air minuman, air perigi dan sebagainya. Seseorang yang mengidap cholera boleh menjangkiti orang lain dari najisnya (seperti membuang air di sungai), tanganya, dan juga makanan yang disediakan atau dijual. Penyakit ini boleh merebak melalui: Air yang tidak bersih contohnya ialah air perigi yang telah dicemari. termasuk air batu yang dibuat dari air yang tidak bersih. Cuba elakkan dari menggunakan perigi atau sungai yang tercemar dengan Cholera. Makanan yang tercemar Tangan yang tercemar dari orang lain.
CHOLERA
cholera Cause Vibrio cholerae bacteria. Mode of Transmission eatingof food or drinking of water, contaminated with human waste. Signs
http://www.doh.gov.ph/advisory/cholera.htm
Cholera
Translate this page cholera. Erreger, cholera-Vibrionen. Vorkommen, ist. Abstand cholera (lebend)zu Typhuslebendimpfung sollte 3 Tage betragen. Aktuelle Meldungen.
http://www.reisevorsorge.de/Krankheiten/Krank_1.html

Extractions: Cholera Erreger Cholera-Vibrionen Vorkommen In Lebensmitteln und im Trinkwasser in regional begrenzten Infektionsgebieten Infektionsweg Orale Aufnahme von infizierten Lebensmitteln oder Wasser Inkubation Oft sehr kurz! Stunden bis 5 Tage, in der Regel 2 - 3 Tage Verlauf Zu impfender Personenkreis Nur Reisende in Gebiete mit aktuellen Epidemien Passiver Schutz Impfstoff 1. Totimpfstoff zur Injektion 2. Totimpfstoff als Schluckimpfung 3. Lebendimpfstoff als Schluckimpfung (Schluckimpfstoffe sind in Deutschland nicht zugelassen) Anwendung 1. Totimpfstoff zur Injektion: 2 Grundimpfungen im Abstand von 2 Wochen 2. Totimpfstoff als Schluckimpfung: 2 Grundimpfungen im Abstand von 1 - 6 Wochen 3. Lebendimpfstoff als Schluckimpfstoff: 1 Grundimpfung zum Einnehmen Impfschutz Nebenwirkungen Bemerkungen Aktuelle Meldungen Aktuelle Meldungen finden Sie bei den Landesinformationen. Zur Zeit liegen bei folgenden Ländern aktuelle Meldungen vor: Kongo, Demokratische Republik Uganda Mosambik Burkina Faso ... Burundi
Cholera News
Memo. Sponsored by LawMemo.Com. News Reports update frequently. Werecommend refreshing your browser. cholera Medical Abortion AIDS
http://www.newsroar.com/nr/news/med/q-cholera.htm
Cholera
cholera zu erkranken. Die cholera kommt überwiegend in Südostasien
http://www.die-reisemedizin.de/Krankheiten/Cholera-i.htm

Extractions: Start Weltkarte Regionen Länder ... Cholera Der "Normaltourist" hat nur ein relativ geringes Risiko, an Cholera zu erkranken. Die Cholera Peru Ecuador Kolumbien ... Mexico bis nach Nicaragua Cholera Die Cholera Meldepflichtig sind Krankheitsverdacht, Erkrankung und Tod. Start Weltkarte Regionen Länder ... Adressen Stand: März 27, 2003
Cars, Cholera, And Cows: The Management Of Risk And Uncertainty
Cato Policy Analysis No. 335, March 4, 1999. Cars, cholera, and CowsThe Management of Risk and Uncertainty. by John Adams. John Adams
http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-335es.html

Extractions: The Management of Risk and Uncertainty by John Adams John Adams is professor of geography, University College, London, England. He is the author of Risk (1995) and "Virtual Risk and the Management of Uncertainty," in the Royal Society's Science, Policy and Risk (1997). Executive Summary Everyone takes and manages risks, balancing potential rewards against uncertain losses. Experts provide advice about managing risk, but with limited success. Part of their difficulty stems from an incomplete appreciation of the different kinds of risk and part from their inadequate consideration of the different mindsets with which people respond to risks. Directly perceptible risks are managed instinctively and intuitively. Professional attempts to manage them are thwarted by people who insist on being their own risk managers. Risks perceptible with the help of science include infectious diseases. Quantitative estimates of such risks are frustrated by the reflexivity of risk. Virtual risks include mad cow disease and suspected carcinogens. Scientists do not know or cannot agree about the nature or magnitude of these risks, and nonscientists argue from preestablished beliefs, convictions, and superstitions. Imaginary or not, virtual risks have real consequences for individuals, corporations, and governments. This paper examines the cultural filters through which people view virtual risks and describes some of the longstanding debates about virtual risks that arise because of those filters. Understanding our ignorance of the risks and filters is a precondition for civilized debate about virtual risks.
Cholera
For 2002 these include West Nile Virus, haemorrhagic fevers, influenza, meningococcaldiseases and cholera. Information about cholera for Disaster Situations.
http://newweb.www.paho.org/english/hcp/hct/eer/cholera.htm

Extractions: cholera-1991-2001.htm cholera-1991-2001.xls ... more items Surveillance Situation Reports Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio cholerae ... Isolates in the Americas, 1996-1999 Incidence/Mortality/Case Fatality Cholera: Number of Cases and Deaths in the Americas (1991-2001, by country and year) Guidelines and Manuals Information about Cholera for Disaster Situations Resistance Surveillance Annual Regional Meeting of Countries Participating in the Network for Monitoring/Surveillance of Resistance to Antibiotics (Asunción, Paraguay, 31 JanuaryFebruary 2001) Health Profiles and Data Health Situation and Inequities in the Region of the Americas: Atlas of Basic Indicators, 1995-1996 Statistical Databases Health Situation in the Americas: Regional Core Health Data System Product Types and/or Keywords:

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