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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a type of dementia characterized most prominently by an insidious and progressive disorder of language and speech abilities. It was first described as a distinct syndrome by Mesulam in 1982. There is considerable controversy over the nosology (classification) of this disorder. Clinical and pathological overlap have led it to being considered as part of the frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) spectrum of disorders, although Mesulam in his reviews has acknowledged that one third of the cases have an underlying Alzheimer pathology. In the classical Mesulam criteria for PPA there are 2 variants: a non-fluent type (progressive non-fluent aphasia or PNFA) and a fluent aphasia. However, recent work has suggested that the underlying cognitive impairment in patients with progressive fluent aphasias is loss of semantic knowledge (semantic dementia or SD). ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Neuropsychologia, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Recognition memory was tested in patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA), a language based dementia with relative preservation of memory for at least the first 2 years. The goal of the study was two-fold: (1) to compare true and false recognition rates for words versus pictures in patients with PPA and cognitively intact controls and (2) to determine if the semantic relatedness of distracters-to-targets influences recognition memory performance. Overall, performance of PPA patients was worse for words than pictures. PPA patients and healthy elderly controls showed similar recognition rates for studied items. However, the patients had significantly more false alarms than controls, particularly to semantically related items. This suggests that the aphasia in PPA patients contributes to their difficulty in selecting among items within a semantic class. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Neurolinguistics, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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We present a patient with primary progressive aphasia who showed no problems dealing with a variety of semantic tasks for simple nouns and numerical material. However, massive impairments became apparent in all lexical input and output tasks for non-number words, whereas peripheral processing was demonstrated to be intact. Interestingly, no parallel impairment was observed for numerals. This is the first case study reporting an isolated sparing of number words at the level of lexical processing in all four modalities. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Brain and Language, published by Elsevier in 2006. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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This study examined the impact of various degenerative dementias on access to semantic knowledge and the status of semantic representations. Patients with semantic dementia, primary progressive aphasia, and Alzheimer's disease were compared with elderly controls on tasks of category and letter fluency, with number of words generated, mean lexical frequency and errors recorded. The findings are consistent with the view that category and letter fluency rely on both common and unique cognitive processes. Fluency tasks, with the richness of data obtained, are valuable in distinguishing different dementia syndromes from one another. ... Read more