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Aston Francis William:     more detail

Isotopes and atomic weights. 299-310 pp. In: Notices of the proceedings at the meetings of the members of the Royal Institution of Great Britain with the abstracts of the discourses delivered at the evening meetings, Vol. XXIII. by Francis William (1877-1945). ASTON, 1924 Isotopes by Francis William Aston, 1923 Mass spectra and isotopes by Francis William Aston, 1948 Mass specra and isotopes: Being the twenty-sixth Robert Boyle lecture delivered before the Junior Scientific Club of the University of Oxford on 3rd June ... Junior Scientific Club Robert Boyle lecture) by Francis William Aston, 1924

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1. Francis W. Aston - Biography
   francis william aston was born in September 1877 at Harborne, Birmingham aston waselected to a Fellowship at Trinity same year that he received the nobel Prize  
   http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1922/aston-bio.html
   
   Extractions: Francis William Aston was born in September 1877 at Harborne, Birmingham, England, the third of a family of seven children. He was educated at Harborne Vicarage School and Malvern College where his interest in science was aroused. In 1894 he entered Mason College, Birmingham (later to become the University of Birmingham ) where he studied chemistry under Frankland and Tilden, and Physics under Poynting. His winning of the Forster Scholarship in 1898 enabled him to work on the optical properties of tartaric acid derivatives; the results of this work were published in 1901. Leaving academic life for a time, he worked for three years as a chemist in the laboratory of a brewery. At about this time, however, his interest in physics, rather than chemistry, began to predominate; his aptitude for mechanical contrivance showed itself in his design and construction of new types of pumps for evacuating vessels. From this stemmed his interest in gas discharge phenomena in evacuated tubes.

2. Chemistry 1922
   The nobel Prize in Chemistry 1922. francis william aston. United Kingdom.University of Cambridge Cambridge, United Kingdom. b.1877 d.1945.  
   http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1922/

3. Francis William Aston Winner Of The 1922 Nobel Prize In Chemistry
   francis william aston, a nobel Prize Laureate in Chemistry, at thenobel Prize Internet Archive. francis william aston. 1922 nobel  
   http://almaz.com/nobel/chemistry/1922a.html

4. Index Of Nobel Laureates In Chemistry
   ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF nobel PRIZE LAUREATES IN CHEMISTRY. Name, Year Awarded.Alder, Kurt, 1950. Arrhenius, Svante August, 1903. aston, francis william, 1922.  
   http://almaz.com/nobel/chemistry/alpha.html

5. Aston, Francis William
   francis william aston. 20, 1945, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire), British physicist whowon the nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1922 for his development of the mass  
   http://www.britannica.com/nobel/micro/38_30.html
   
   Extractions: Francis William Aston Corbis-Bettmann (b. Sept. 1, 1877, Harborne, Birmingham, Eng.d. Nov. 20, 1945, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire), British physicist who won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1922 for his development of the mass spectrograph, a device that separates atoms or molecular fragments of different mass and measures those masses with remarkable accuracy. Aston used the mass spectrograph to discover a large number of nuclide s, or nuclear species that differ in mass. The mass spectrograph is widely used in geology, chemistry, biology, and nuclear physics. Aston was trained as a chemist, but, upon the rebirth of physics following the discovery of X rays in 1895 and of radioactivity in 1896, he began in 1903 to study the creation of X rays by the flow of current through a gas-filled tube. In 1910 he became an assistant to Sir J.J. Thomson at Cambridge, who was investigating positively charged rays emanating from gaseous discharges. During Aston's assistantship Thomson obtained, from experiments with neon, the first evidence for isotopes (atoms of the same element that differ in mass) among the stable (nonradioactive) elements. After World War I, Aston constructed a new type of positive-ray apparatus, which he named a mass spectrograph. It showed that not only neon but also many other elements are mixtures of isotopes. Aston's achievement is illustrated by the fact that he discovered 212 of the 287 naturally occurring nuclides.

6. Nobel Prize Winners For Chemistry
   1922, aston, francis william, UK, work with mass spectrograph; wholenumberrule. 1923, Pregl, Fritz, Austria, method of microanalysis of organic substances.  
   http://www.britannica.com/nobel/table/chem.html
   
   Extractions: Year Article Country* Achievement Hoff, Jacobus Henricus van't The Netherlands laws of chemical dynamics and osmotic pressure Fischer, Emil Germany work on sugar and purine syntheses Arrhenius, Svante Sweden theory of electrolytic dissociation Ramsay, Sir William U.K. discovery of inert gas elements and their places in the periodic system Baeyer, Adolf von Germany work on organic dyes, hydroaromatic compounds Moissan, Henri France isolation of fluorine; introduction of Moissan furnace Buchner, Eduard Germany discovery of noncellular fermentation Rutherford, Ernest U.K. investigations into the disintegration of elements and the chemistry of radioactive substances Ostwald, Wilhelm Germany pioneer work on catalysis, chemical equilibrium, and reaction velocities Wallach, Otto Germany pioneer work in alicyclic combinations Curie, Marie France discovery of radium and polonium; isolation of radium Grignard, Victor France discovery of the Grignard reagents Sabatier, Paul France method of hydrogenating organic compounds Werner, Alfred

7. Aston, Francis William. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
   aston, francis william. In 1922 he received the nobel Prize in Chemistry mainly forhis discovery of a number of isotopes in nonradioactive elements by means of  
   http://www.bartleby.com/65/as/Aston-Fr.html
   
   Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Aston, Francis William

8. ASTON, FRANCIS WILLIAM (1877 - 1945)
   University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign Rare Book Room Exhibit. aston, FRANCISWILLIAM (1877 - 1945). Isotopes. aston was awarded the nobel Prize for  
   http://www.scs.uiuc.edu/~mainzv/exhibit/aston.htm
   
   Extractions: Rare Book Room Exhibit ASTON, FRANCIS WILLIAM (1877 - 1945). Isotopes . London, 1922. Aston's invention of the mass spectrograph, an instrument giving a concentrated and extremely detailed breakdown of the constituents of analyzed material, enabled him to discover that elements are composed of atoms of varying mass, and that the atomic weight of an element is an average of the atoms comprising it. Aston used the word "isotopes" to describe atoms of differing weights within the same element, a term first coined by Frederick Soddy to describe separate elements that are nevertheless homogeneous in chemical behavior. Aston was awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry in 1922 "for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of the isotopes of a large number of non-radioactive elements, as well as for his discovery of the whole-number rule." Norman Library of Science

9. Aston, Francis William
   aston, francis william, 1877–1945, English physicist and chemist. In 1922 he receivedthe nobel Prize in Chemistry mainly for his discovery of a number of  
   http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0805115
   
   Extractions: Aston, Francis William Aston, Francis William, , English physicist and chemist. He was affiliated with the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, from 1910. In 1922 he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry mainly for his discovery of a number of isotopes in nonradioactive elements by means of a mass spectrograph of his own invention. His writings include Isotopes (1922) and Mass-Spectra and Isotopes

10. Francis William Aston
    study of isotopes of nonradioactive elements using the mass spectrograph, astonwas awarded the 1922 nobel Prize in Chemistry. francis william aston died in  
    http://www.nuclearfiles.org/rebios/aston.htm
    
    Extractions: home key issues history resources ... contact us Francis William Aston Born in Birmingham, England in September 1877, Francis William Aston was fascinated by science at an early age. In 1894, Aston attended Birmingham University to study chemistry and physics. Aston won the Forster Scholarship in 1898, allowing him to conduct research that was published in 1901. He began working as an assistant at Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge in 1909 and conducted research on positive rays. Aston remained at Cavendish until1914 when World War I required his skills at the Royal Aircraft Establishment. After World War I ended, Aston returned to his studies at Cavendish, now focusing on isotopes. In 1919, Aston made his most significant contribution to atomic science with the invention of the mass spectrograph. The device was capable of separating isotopes by measuring the minute differences in their masses. Using the mass spectrograph, Aston successfully identified 212 existing isotopes. The invention also prompted him to devise his famous Whole Number Rule which states, "the mass of the oxygen isotope being defined, all the other isotopes have masses that are very nearly whole numbers." The rule became crucial to future developments in nuclear energy technology.

11. Prix Nobel De 1920 À 1924
    Translate this page 1922 francis william aston (1877 - 1945). 1923 Fritz Pregl (1869 - 1930). 1924 Le prix nobel de chimie n'a pas été attribué. 1920. Hermann Walther Nernst.  
    http://membres.lycos.fr/xjarnot/Chimistes/Nobel_1920.html
    
    Extractions: P rix Nobel de 1920 à 1924 Hermann Walther Nernst Frederick Soddy Francis William Aston Fritz Pregl Le prix Nobel de chimie n'a pas été attribué En reconnaissance de ses travaux en thermochimie. Hermann Walther Nemst est né le 25 juin 1864 à Briessen, en Prusse Orientale (aujourd'hui Wabrzezno en Pologne); c'est lui qui a consolidé les bases de la chimie physique du XXe siècle. Il commence à travailler dans cette discipline auprès de Kohlrausch, à Würzbourg, où il fait la connaissance d'Arrhenius, qui l'amène ensuite à Graz, chez von Ettinghausen. Là, il entreprend des travaux sur les fnrces électromotrices dues au magnétisme des plaques métalliques que traverse un flux de chaleur. Sur la recommandation d'Arrhenius, il devient l'assistant d'Ostwald, qui était alors professeur de chimie physique à Leigzig, et commence de nouvelles recherches en électrochimie. En 1888, il publie la théorie dite aujourd'hui "théorie de Nernst" sur la force électromotrice, suivie en 1889 d'un mémoire intitulé "L'activité élcctromotrice des ions". Cette théorie très féconde constituc la base de l'électrochimie théorique; elle est à l'origine des progrès techniqucs en électrochimie et du développement de l'électrobiologie. Selon Nemst, un métal en solution se comportc comme un donneur d'élcctrons vis-à-vis de la solution; il existe une tension de dissolution électrolytique propre à chaque métal, forte pour les métaux comme le zinc, faible au contraire pour les métaux nobles comme le platine. Ce phénomène se traduit par une augmentation de la pression osmotique des ions en solution, qui aura tendance à s'opposer à la tension de dissolution. Il est alors possible de calculer le travail mis en jeu lorsqu'une mole d'ions passe de la pression de dissolution électrolytique à la pression osmotique de la solution. On peut aussi transposer ce raisonnement aux surfaces de séparation en solutions de concentrations différentes. On sait aujourd'hui que les rclations dtablies par Nemst ne sont valables que pour les solutions dilu

12. Tous Les Prix Nobel De Chimie
    Prix nobels, Alfred nobel. A. Kurt Alder. Sydney Altman. ChristianB. Anfinsen. Svante August Arrhenius. francis william aston. B. Adolf  
    http://membres.lycos.fr/xjarnot/Chimistes/Prix_Nobel_alphabetique.html
    
    Extractions: P rix Nobels Alfred Nobel A Kurt Alder Sydney Altman ... Aston B Adolf Johann Friedrich Wilhelm von Baeyer Sir Derek Harold Barton ... Butenandt C Melvin Calvin Thomas Cech ... Curl D Peter Joseph William Debye Johann Deisenhofer ... Diels E Manfred Eigen Hans von Euler ... Chelpin F Emil Hermann Fischer Ernst Otto Fischer ... Fukui G William Francis Giauque Walter Gilbert ... Grignard H Fritz Haber Otto Hahn ... Huber J Frédéric Joliot-Curie Irène Joliot-Curie K Jérôme Karle Paul Karrer ... Kuhn L Irwing Langmuir Luis F. Leloir ... Lipscomb M Edwin M. McMillan Archer John Porter Martin ... Mulliken N Giulio Natta Hermann Walther Nernst ... Northrop O Lars Onsager Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald P Linus Carl Pauling Charles J. Pedersen ... Prigogine R Sir William Ramsay Franck Sherwood Rowland ... Ruzicka S Paul Sabatier Frederik Sanger et Glenn T. Seaborg Nicolas Nicolaevitch Semenov ... Synge T Henry Taube Arne Wilhelm Kaurin Tiselius ... Todd U Harold Clayton Urey V Jacobus Henricus Van't Hoff Vincent du Vigneaud ... Virtanen W Otto Wallach Alfred Werner ... Woodward Y Yuan Lee Z Karl Ziegler Richard Zsigmondy Pour tous problèmes ou remarques, écrivez au webmaster

13. Francis William Aston (1877-1945)
    francis william aston, an experimental physicist, was born in Harborne, England,in September 1st 1877, and In 1922 he received the nobel Prize of Chemistry.  
    http://nautilus.fis.uc.pt/st2.5/scenes-e/biog/b0006.html

14. Francis William Aston (1877-1945)
    Translate this page francis william aston, físico experimental, nasceu em Harborne a 1 de Setembro de1877, vindo a falecer em Cambridge Obteve o Prémio nobel da Química em 1922  
    http://nautilus.fis.uc.pt/st2.5/scenes-p/biog/b0006.html

15. Aston, Francis William (1877-1945), Physicien Britannique
    Translate this page francis william aston (1877-1945). aston est l'auteur des Isotopes (1922) et de Spectresde masse et Isotopes (1933). Il a reçu le prix nobel de chimie en 1922  
    http://isimabomba.free.fr/biographies/chimistes/aston.htm

16. FECS Millennium Project - Aston
    20th Century. aston, francis william Born Harborne (England), 1877 Died Cambridge(England), 1945. aston was awarded the nobel Prize in 1922.  
    http://www.chemsoc.org/networks/enc/fecs/Aston.htm
    
    Extractions: Died: Cambridge (England), 1945 Aston studied chemistry at the University of Birmingham. In 1910 he went to Cambridge to work under J. J. Thomson. Aston's mass spectrograph showed that most stable elements were a mixture of isotopes, differing in mass but not in chemical properties. Using this device he was able to discover 212 of the 287 stable isotopes.

17. Biographical Notes
    the nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903AD. In 1905 he predicted global warming asa result of carbon dioxide emission from burning fuels. francis william aston.  
    http://www.ucc.ie/ucc/depts/chem/dolchem/html/biog/biog001.html
    
    Extractions: A Swedish physical chemist, Svante August Arrhenius (1859-1927) was born near Uppsala, he became a professor at Stockholm in 1895, and his special study was Electrolysis . He developed the theory concerning the properties of ionic species in solution. They are Arrhenius Concept of Bases Arrhenius Concept of Neutralisation and Arrhenius Concept of Acids and used it to identify and separate the Isotopes , of elements, for which he was awarded the Nobel prize for Chemistry in 1922. An Italian physicist, Count Amedeo Avogadro, published his hypothesis in 1811AD, which states that equal volumes of gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. His work was revived by Cannizzaro The Avogadro's Number , N, 6.02 X 10^23 is the number of molecules in one mole of a substance.

18. Aston, Francis William
    aston, francis william 18771945, English physicist and chemist. In 1922 he receivedthe nobel Prize in Chemistry mainly for his discovery of a number of  
    http://www.slider.com/enc/4000/Aston_Francis_William.htm
    
    Extractions: Aston, Francis William 1877-1945, English physicist and chemist. He was affiliated with the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, from 1910. In 1922 he received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry mainly for his discovery of a number of isotopes in nonradioactive elements by means of a mass spectrograph of his own invention. His writings include Isotopes (1922) and Mass-Spectra and Isotopes

19. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries
    aston francis william aston lived in the years 18771945. aston researched 213out of the total of 276 isotopes. In 1922 he was awarded the nobel prize.  
    http://library.thinkquest.org/19662/low/eng/biog-aston.html
    
    Extractions: The web site you have requested, Atom. The incredible world. , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Atom. The incredible world. click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... click here to view this site Click image for the Site Languages : Site Desciption This site presents problems and discoveries in experimental atomic physics. Textbook-like, its contents spans 2,000 years of history, starting with Democritus, the Greek philosopher. A special section on the twentieth century provides information on x-rays, radiation, and the quantum theory. Historical background information on the scientists helps develop an overview of the achievements in this area. The site is in English and Polish.

20. ThinkQuest Library Of Entries
    francis william aston lived in the years 18771945. aston researched 213 outof the total of 276 isotopes. In 1922 he was awarded the nobel prize.  
    http://library.thinkquest.org/28383/nowe_teksty/htmla/bastona.html
    
    Extractions: The web site you have requested, Quanta and Atoms - the elementary approach , is one of over 4000 student created entries in our Library. Before using our Library, please be sure that you have read and agreed to our To learn more about ThinkQuest. You can browse other ThinkQuest Library Entries To proceed to Quanta and Atoms - the elementary approach click here Back to the Previous Page The Site you have Requested ... click here to view this site

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