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This is a reproduction of a book published before 1923.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process.We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide.We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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This is an EXACT reproduction of a book published before 1923. This IS NOT an OCR'd book with strange characters, introduced typographical errors, and jumbled words.This book may have occasional imperfections such as missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. that were either part of the original artifact, or were introduced by the scanning process. We believe this work is culturally important, and despite the imperfections, have elected to bring it back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. We appreciate your understanding of the imperfections in the preservation process, and hope you enjoy this valuable book. ... Read more

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Der Erwerb des Buches enthält gleichzeitig die kostenlose Mitgliedschaft im Buchklub des Verlags zum Ausprobieren - dort können Sie von über einer Million Bücher ohne weitere Kosten auswählen. Das Buch besteht aus Wikipedia-Artikeln: Aziz Atiya, Helmut Satzinger, Ludwig Stern, Wolfhart Westendorf, Wladimir Georgijewitsch Bok, Otto Friedrich August Meinardus, Theofried Baumeister, Peter Nagel, Henri Hyvernat, Émile Gaston Chassinat, Alexander Böhlig, Tonio Sebastian Richter, Sami Gabra, Wolfgang Kosack, Jean Clédat, Rodolphe Kasser, László Török, Gerald Moers,. Online finden Sie die kostenlose Aktualisierung der Bücher. Nicht dargestellt. Auszug: Aziz Suryal Atiya (arabisch ‏‎‎; * 5. Juli 1898; † 24. September 1988) war ein ägyptischer Koptologe und Historiker. Atiya wurde in einem kleinen ägyptischen Ort namens al-Aysha in der Provinz Al-Gharbiyya geboren. Im Alter von fünf Jahren sandten ihn seine Eltern auf eine Schule in Kairo. Nach dem Studium in Kairo, das er 1927 mit einem Diplom des Higher Training College abschloss, ging er nach Liverpool, um dort an der Universität seine Studien weiterzuführen. Er schloss das Studium in mittelalterlicher und moderner Geschichte 1931 mit einem B.A. ab und ging an die Universität London, wo er seine Studien mit einer Promotion in arabischen und islamischen Studien im Jahre 1933 abschloss. 1935 ging er von London nach Bonn, wo er Dozent und Honorarprofessor für mittelalterliche orientalische Geschichte an der Universität Bonn am Orientalischen Seminar von Paul Kahle war. Im September 1939 zwang ihn der Ausbruch des Zweiten Weltkrieges nach Ägypten zurückzukehren. Dort wurde er Schulinspektor für Geschichte und Professor für mittelalterliche Geschichte an der Universität Kairo. 1941 heiratete er seine Frau Lola. Aus dieser Ehe gingen zwei Kinder hervor. Im Jahre 1942 erhielt Atiya einen Gründungslehrstuhl für mittelalterliche Geschichte an der damals im Aufbau befindlichen Universität Al...http://booksllc.net/?l=de&id=1979604 ... Read more

Customer Reviews (7)

Au 196, Fe 56; Combined Atomic Weight 252
That's how heavy this 600 page history of the Prussian unification of Germany is! This study is so gravely massive, so chock-full of info and insights, that I'm sorely tempted to say: "Go ahead! Read it! I double-dare you!" It's taken me several months, with some prolonged stagnations in airport lounges, to finish it, and I'm not the slowest reader in juvenile hall. It's almost as indigestible as gold and a lot less malleable than iron. It's not at all badly written or poorly organized; it's just long, stolid, detailed, insistent, and dry. The writing reminds me a good deal of the American historian David Hackett Fischer; if either author were paid by the word, Bill Gates would need to borrow pocket money from them. Honestly, I had to treat each chapter as a separate volume, and give myself a concentration break between them.

If I haven't discouraged you from considering this book yet, let me say that it's also one of the most impressive feats of historiography that I've encountered in many years. It's well worth the work, assuming you have any interest in the history of Germany, or of European Jewry, or of political power in action. The "gold" in the title stands for the plutocratic banker Gerson Bleichröder, while the "iron" represents Bismark, the Iron Chancellor whose political and military tactics led to the unification of Germany in the last third of the 19th Century. Structurally, the book is a kind of parallel biography of the two men, who were indispensable to each other for most of their careers. Bismark's life and thought have been an entire industry for historians since his first political victories, but Bleichröder's role in Bismark's successes and rare failures has been neglected to the point of erasure. That historical amnesia was the starting point of Fritz Stern's investigations, when Stern became aware of the vast archive of the Banker's correspondence with the Chancellor and other personages of the era. It's a risky over-simplification of Stern's analysis to say that Bleichröder and his "gold" were necessary adjuncts to Bismark's accomplishments, but this book goes a long way to justify that hypothesis. Bleichröder was Bismark's personal financial manager, his "ear" to the world of finance both in Germany and elsewhere, his almost constant advisor and his favorite "behind-the-throne" manipulator, and perhaps as close to a 'friend' as the imperious Prince could have. Their 'atomic weights' as gold and iron are metaphorically inappropriate, in that Bismark's Iron always overbalanced and outweighed all the Gold of the richest financier in Germany.

How politics and finance melded in the alloy of 19th C Germany is the chief subject of the book. Bismark's career began in a financially backward feudal society of land-proud Junkers, the most reactionary society of western/central Europe, and ended in the rapidly industrializing, militarily overbearing Germany that sought to rival England and overwhelm France in the race to colonialism that led to World War I. If any single individual of the 19th C "made history", it was Bismark. So at least all historians of Germany have maintained. But then, to what degree was Bleichröder (and by extension the whole world of finance) essential to that process of societal reconstruction? Stern offers very ample evidence that Bismark was more attentive to the raw power of money, both his own and the State's, than romantic German historians have supposed.

Bleichröder was a very smart banker, a man who took care of his own interests with as much opportunistic ruthlessness as Bismark himself, but he was also an ambitious Jew, a parvenu in a society that didn't like parvenus and especially not Jewish ones. He was perceived by most people, including perhaps Bismark, as "Bismark's court Jew." Whether he perceived himself as such is another of Fritz Stern's topics of inquiry. The lifetimes of these two powerful men, Iron and Gold, was simultaneously the era during which European Jews achieved their most rapid progress toward civic and social rights, toward assimilation and/or equality, yet also the era during which anti-semitism flared and raged most furiously, stoking the fires for the Holocaust of the 20th C. As rapid and as impressive as the rise of Bleichröder and his peers must have seemed, the reaction of envy and hatred makes Bleichröder's life story a stunning tragedy.

I need to confess that my knowledge of 19th C German history isn't vast. I have no means to challenge or criticize the contents of this book. I can only say that it convinces me by its sheer mass of data and by its thoroughness of analysis. Read also the earlier review by H. Schneider, a German by birth and language; it was he who alerted me to Stern, German-born but an immigrant to America in his youth.

Elective Affinities
I have previously reviewed other books by Fritz Stern, an American historian of German-Jewish descent, born in a part of Germany that is now a part of Poland. He is one of the most interesting writers on German history of the 19th-20th centuries, and he has a lot to say on the history of German Jews and German anti-semitism.
His huge monography on Bismarck and his Jewish banker Bleichroeder is a masterpiece of historical jig saw puzzling, and it tells a fascinating story.

We are looking at the high times of German imperial adolescence.
Stern loves to play with the stylistic pattern of pairs: Blood and Iron (said Bismarck). Or Coal and Iron (said Keynes, later). Or Gold and Iron (says Stern, still later).
More pairs: power & money, Junker & Jew, Bismarck & banker, old nobility & new presumptions, aristocrats & nouveaux riches.

Gerson Bleichroeder was the first Prussian Jew who got ennobled without prior conversion. To his world of Prussian power, he was a convenience & an embarrassment. In the relation of the two men, Bismarck was dominant and Bleichroeder useful. There is no doubt whatsoever about the primacy of politics over economics. The banker thirsted for respectability & acceptance. He cherished secrecy, but sought recognition.
His career embodied the ambivalence of Jewish success: needed, pampered, feted, maligned. Jews performed great economic feats, they were immeasurably useful and resented.

Bleichroeder dropped out of German historiography like a stone in water, leaving mainly ephemeral ripples (until Stern went after him). Even Bismarck did not mention him in the first two volumes of his memoirs. Historians would give Bismarck plenty of shelf space (thousands of dedicated publications) and Bleichroeder none. Apotheosis & oblivion.

This study was triggered by the appearance of a Bleichroeder letter archive in his former bank. Stern started his sleuthing work from there and then hit mother lodes in the archives of the Rothschilds and the Bismarcks. It is a remarkable job for its reconstruction of ignored informal structures in the politics of the time. It is a history of a social web. It is like a fat novel of the 19th century. (Do not think of Thomas Mann, more of his brother Heinrich, eg the Untertan, the Blue Angel.) It shows how the atmosphere of imperial Germany exuded sentimentalized self-righteousness, copious hypocrisy, distressing servility. It is a record of people sowing the wind, not knowing that later generations would reap the whirlwind.

The book is essential for students of German history. I wish Stern had applied more economics in its writing: I bet one could cut a third of the hulk without major damage to the message.

By the way, I remember that Harry Flashman had an encounter with Bismarck in one of the early Flashman volumes. Which one was that? (Flashman barely survived the meeting...)

As if it was just the gold that built the german empire
The book gives you the idea that if you can find a banker who can finance you, you can build an empire, regardless of who you are, and what type of a nation you have!!

A Poignant Portrait of an Embattled Financier and His Times
The first major work expounding on Bismarck's pecuniary relationship with the prominent Prussian banker Gerson von Bleichroder, Gold and Iron is truly a seminal study about the rise of the German nation. It splendidly explores the creation of the Prusso-Germanic empire through the lens of Bismarck, its architect, and Bleichroder, his Jewish financier.

Bleichroder became useful to Bismarck in many ways. He was embroiled in affaires d'Etat as well as Bismarck's affaires de famille. He managed the Chancellor's personal portfolio, helped finance wars against Denmark and Austria, and served as an intermediary for the massive indemnity levied against the French in the wake of the Franco-Prussian War. Bleichroder's remarkable and long-running relationship with the Rothschilds made his services doubly worthwhile to both Bismarck and Germany. However, Stern makes the poignant observation that while Bleichroder's success won him access to the corridors of power everywhere, his very success prevented him from being truly free. He became a kind of Tantalus, always seeking out recognition and confirmation of his accomplishments without really attaining what he was reaching for: a position at parity, if not becoming primus inter pares, vis-à-vis his peers and contemporaries.

Ponderous the book may be, but readers who are deeply interested in the political economy of Europe and in the crucial role played by embattled financiers in the rise of empires will be exceedingly enlightened--and entertained--by this monumental tome.

An Historical Masterpiece
Stern's magnificent work is one of the best pieces of historical research and writing of the last century. A strikingly original work, which transcends it specific topic, 'Gold & Iron' is a fascinating study of economics, politics and power and the relation between the three.

Required reading for any self-respecting student of history. ... Read more

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Les achats comprennent une adhésion à l'essai gratuite au club de livres de l'éditeur, dans lequel vous pouvez choisir parmi plus d'un million d'ouvrages, sans frais. Le livre consiste d'articles Wikipedia sur : Otto Philipp Braun, Holger Börner, Hans Eichel, Gerhard Jahn, Arno Stern, Brigitte Zypries, Philipp Scheidemann, Frédéric Ii de Hesse-Cassel, Jörg-Uwe Hahn, Guillaume Ix de Hesse, Eva Kühne-Hörmann, Ludwig Karl Georg Pfeiffer, Paul Julius Reuter, Georges Iii de Saxe-Meiningen-Hildburghausen, Maurice de Hesse-Cassel, Charles Ier de Hesse-Cassel, Guillaume Iv de Hesse, Guillaume Viii de Hesse-Cassel, Guillaume V de Hesse-Cassel, Guillaume Vi de Hesse-Cassel, Chris Hülsbeck, Friedrich Von Motz, Anja Lechner, Ernest Ier de Hesse-Rheinfels, Özer Hurmacı, Philippe de Hesse-Philippsthal, Guillaume de Hesse-Rheinfels-Rotenburg, Martina Müller, Guillaume Vii de Hesse-Cassel, Bernd Sturmfels, Ferdinand Frantz, Hermann Zoll, Hans Rothfels, Wilhelmine de Hesse-Cassel, Michael Stürmer, Christian Julius Wilhelm Schiede, Adolf Fick, Gertrude Elisabeth Mara, Helmut Hasse, Andreas Achenbach, Karl Bernhardi, George Engel, Conrad Moench, Louis Simon Du Ry, Ulrich Friedrich Kopp, Wilhem Asmus Doering. Non illustré. Mises à jour gratuites en ligne. Extrait : Otto Philipp Braun, né le 13 décembre 1798 à Kassel (Hesse) et mort le 24 juillet 1869 à Bad-Wildungen (Hesse), était un officier d'origine allemande engagé dans les guerres d'indépendance des colonies espagnoles d'Amérique du Sud. Son père est constructeur de voitures et carrosses, maître sellier de la cour des princes palatins de Hesse puis du roi de Westphalie, Jérôme Bonaparte. Dès ses plus jeunes années, Otto Philipp Braun montre un don exceptionnel pour l'équitation. Cette passion va tout naturellement le diriger vers la carrière des armes. À 16 ans, il est le plus jeune engagé volontaire des chasseurs à cheval de l'électeur de Hesse contre l'armée napoléonienne. La guerre termin...http://booksllc.net/?l=fr ... Read more