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This digital document is an article from Science and Its Times, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 553 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.The histories of science, technology, and mathematics merge with the study of humanities and social science in this interdisciplinary reference work. Essays on people, theories, discoveries, and concepts are combined with overviews, bibliographies of primary documents, and chronological elements to offer students a fascinating way to understand the impact of science on the course of human history and how science affects everyday life. Entries represent people and developments throughout the world, from about 2000 B.C. through the end of the twentieth century. ... Read more

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This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from GeneralBooksClub.com. You can also preview excerpts from the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Original Published by: C. Scribner's sons in 1904 in 176 pages; Subjects: Electricity; Matter; Radioactivity; Juvenile Nonfiction / Technology / Electricity & Electronics; Juvenile Nonfiction / Science & Nature / Physics; Science / Electricity; Science / Electromagnetism; Science / Nuclear Physics; Science / Physics; Science / Radiation; ... Read more

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General Books publication date: 2009Original publication date: 1907Original Publisher: Scribner's SonsSubjects: ElectronsMatterJuvenile Nonfiction / Science ... Read more

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This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from GeneralBooksClub.com. You can also preview excerpts from the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Original Published by: C. Scribner's sons in 1903 in 221 pages; Subjects: Electric discharges through gases; Juvenile Nonfiction / Technology / Electricity & Electronics; Science / Electricity; Science / Electromagnetism; Science / Physics; Technology & Engineering / Electrical; Technology & Engineering / Electronics / General; ... Read more

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Originally published in 1904.This volume from the Cornell University Library's print collections was scanned on an APT BookScan and converted to JPG 2000 format by Kirtas Technologies.All titles scanned cover to cover and pages may include marks notations and other marginalia present in the original volume. ... Read more

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RAYS OF POSITIVE ELECTRICITY THE positive rays were discovered by Goldstein in 1886.1 His apparatus is represented in Fig. I ; the cathode K which stretched right across the tube R was a metal plate through which a number of holes were drilled, the diameter of the holes being considerably less than the thickness of the plate j the axes of the holes were at right angles to the surface of the plate; the anode a was at the end of the lower part of the tube. The pressure of the gas in the tube was so low that when the electrodes K and a were connected with the terminals of an induction coil and a discharge passed through the tube, the dark space below the cathode was well developed. Under these circumstances Goldstein found that slightly diverging bundles of a luminous discharge streamed through the holes in the cathode into the upper tube. The colour of the light in these bundles depended on the kind of gas with which the :t'ube was filled: when it was air the light was

Table of Contents

RAys OF POSITIVE ELECTRICITY I; RECTILINEAR PROPAGATION OF THE POSITIVE RAys S; DOUBLE AND HOLLOW CATHODES ? 5; ON TH~ NATURE OF THE POSITIVE RAYS THEIR DEFLECTION BY; ELECTRIC AND MAGNETIC FORCES 16; ELECTROSTATIC DEFLECTION OF THE PARTICLE [9; WIE~'S PROOF OF THE MAGNETIC AND ELECTRIC DEFLECTION OF; THE RAYS 22; EXPERIMENTS MADE BY THE AUTHOR ON POSITIVE RAys 25; EFFECT AT VERY Low PRESSURES ? 27; METHOD OF HOT CATHODES 35; ASTON'S Focus METHOD 36; DEMPSTER'S :METUOD '; DISCUSSION OF TllE PHOTOGRAPHS , 41; Loss AND GAIN OF CHARGE BY PARTICLES 48; IONIZATION BY PoSITIVE RAYS 54; SECONDARIES ? 60; NEGATIVSLY CHARGED PARTICLES ? 70; MULTIPLY CHARGED PARTICLES 77; CONCENTRATION OF THE POSITIVE RAYS ROUND DEFINI1'E VELOCITIES 84; ORIGIN OF THE CHARGED ATOMS AND l-10LECULES IN THE POSITIVE; RAYS 88; ELECTRIC FORCE IN THE DARK SPACE ? ... Read more

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He loved to laugh. He loved to make up silly songs to make his students laugh, too. But he also loved to think, and find out the answers to scientific puzzles. It didn’t matter if the questions were asked by a seven year old boy or a famous scientist. J. J. Thomson thought that they were all worth answering.Of course, there was one little problem with his research: J. J. was brilliant, but he was also clumsy. Test tubes broke in his hands and experiments refused to work. Once a beaker even exploded in his face, nearly blinding him. But all those accidents didn’t stop him. He was a terrific professor. All his students loved him, and learned from him. And if J. J. had to build his own equipment so that he could examine the atom, then he would do it. And when he did, he would discover something about the atom that no one else had ever expected. ... Read more

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This historical survey of the discovery of the electron has been published to coincide with the centenary of the discovery. The text maps the life and achievements of J.J. Thomson, with particular focus on his ideas and experiments leading to the discovery. It describes Thomson's early years and education. It then considers his career at Cambridge, first as a fellow of Trinity, later as the head of the Cavendish Laboratory and finally as Master of Trinity and national spokesman for science. The core of the book is concerned with the work undertaken at the Cavendish, culminating in the discovery of "corpuscles", later named "electrons".; In the final two chapters, the immediate aftermath and implications of the work are described. These include the creation of the subject of atomic physics as well as the broader long term developments which can be traced from vacuum valves and the transistor through to the microelectronics revolution. ... Read more

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In the mid to late 1890s, J. J. Thomson and colleagues at Cambridge's Cavendish Laboratory conducted experiments on "cathode rays" (a form of radiation produced within evacuated glass vessels subjected to electric fields) -- the results of which some historians later viewed as the "discovery" of the electron. This book is both a biography of the electron and a history of the microphysical world that it opened up.The book is organized in four parts. The first part, Corpuscles and Electrons, considers the varying accounts of Thomson's role in the experimental production of the electron. The second part, What Was the Newborn Electron Good For?, examines how scientists used the new entity in physical and chemical investigations. The third part, Electrons Applied and Appropriated, explores the accommodation, or lack thereof, of the electron in nuclear physics, chemistry, and electrical science. It follows the electron's gradual progress from cathode ray to ubiquitous subatomic particle and eponymous entity in one of the world's most successful industries -- electronics. The fourth part, Philosophical Electrons, considers the role of the electron in issues of instrumentalism, epistemology, and realism. The electron, it turns out, can tell us a great deal about how science works. ... Read more