Book Description

In 1937, Harvard University built its first cyclotron, which was subsequently requisitioned by the U.S. Army and taken to Los Alamos in 1943. The second cyclotron, one of the world's longest-running accelerators, was finished in 1949 and operated until 2002. In its first 20 years, the cyclotron's primary use was for nuclear physics, particularly for understanding the interaction between two nucleons. During the next 30 years, the emphasis switched to treating patients with proton radiotherapy. A total of 9,115 patients were treated by this method and the treatment has been copied all over the world. This book describes the work of the Harvard cyclotron during its 50 years of operation and includes references to about 500 publications and 40 student theses from the work.

Book Description

Customer Reviews (3)

Ok sourcebook
This is a haphazard sourcebook with mediocre, short introductions to each paper that are almost entirely biographical. Some of the selections are not really experiments at all, e.g. the usual excerpts from Galileo and Newton on mechanics and most of the 80-page appendices (Maxwell, Einstein, Bohr, etc.). Others are more measurements than "great experiments", e.g. Boyle, Coulomb, Cavendish. Isolated but interesting selections are Young and Fresnel on light (no Newton here), Röntgen on x-rays, Becquerel on radioactivity. The only reasonably coherent thread that one can follow through the book is electromagnetism. I shall summarise the main points briefly. Coulomb (1785) discovered his "fundamental law by which electrified bodies repel each other", namely that the repulsive force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance, as is the attractive force between opposite charges. But this is the same law as for magnets. Thus "The magnetic fluid seems to have, if not by its nature, at least by its properties an analogy with the electric fluid. Based on this analogy it can be assumed that the two fluid obey the same laws. In all other phenomena of attractions or repulsion that nature presents to us, for instance elasticity and chemical affinity, the forces seem to be exerted only at very small distances, and it seems, therefore, that they are nothing but the same laws of electricity and magnetism." The link between electricity and magnetism was further strengthened when Oersted (1820) discovered that a current can influence a magnetic needle. Apparently the current generates some sort of "electric conflict" which "is not enclosed in the conductor, but ... is at the same time dispersed in the surrounding space, and that somewhat widely". "All nonmagnetic bodies seem seem to be penetrable through electric conflict; but magnetic bodies, or rather their magnetic particles, seem to resist the passage of this conflict, whence it is that they can be moved by the impulse of contending forces." Faraday (1832) discovered further that currents can induce currents (albeit weak ones: "I could obtain no evidence by the tongue") and that magnets can induce currents. As for the nature of this electromagnetic business, Faraday (1834) made some discoveries on electrolysis. Water can be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen by sticking two metal plates in it and connecting them with a current, and Faraday discovered that "when subjected to the influence of the electric current, a quantity of it is decomposed exactly proportionate to the quantity of electricity which has passed" and thus "it seems probable, and almost a natural consequence, that the quantity which passes is the equivalent of, and therefore equal to, that of the particles separated; i.e., that if the electrical power which... makes a grain of oxygen and hydrogen in the right proportions unite into water ... could be thrown into the condition of a current, it would exactly equal the current required for the separation of that grain of water into its elements again." So electricity seems to be of a material nature. Other experiments (and the theory of Maxwell (1865)), however, makes electricity seem like a wave phenomena, as represented here by Hertz (1888): "the action of an electric oscillation spreads out as a wave into space" so "I planned experiments with the object of concentrating this action ... by putting the primary conductor in the focal line of a large concave parabolic mirror" and indeed "I have succeeded in producing distinct rays of electric force, and in carrying out with them the elementary experiments which are commonly performed with light and radiant heat". If such rays were material it ought to be possible to deflect them by magnetic fields, which could at first not be effected. Then Thomson (1897) finally managed to set up an experiment where "cathode rays [that] carry a charge of negative electricity, are deflected by an electrostatic force as if they were negatively electrified, and are acted on by a magnetic force in just the way in which the force would act on a negatively electrified body moving along the path of these rays." Consequently, "I can see no escape from the conclusion that they are charges of negative electricity carried by particles of matter. The question next arises, what are these particles? are they atoms, or molecules, or matter in a still finer state of subdivision? To throw some light on this point, I have made a series of measurements of the ratio of the mass of these particles to the charges carried by it." Basically, one measures the total amount of electricity in the ray by putting a sensor at the end of it, and the total kinetic energy by having the ray bump into an obstacle and measuring the increase in temperature; knowing the magnetic field, one can figure out the ratio mass/charge from these values. We find that this ratio is about 10^-7 which is "very small compared with the value 10^-4, which is the smallest value of this quantity previously known, and which is the value for the hydrogen ion in electrolysis."

Excellent starter volume
Ok, so, this is a good book.If you are interested in the history of science or just physics, and you want to break into primary sources but feel a little overwhelmed, then I recommend going ahead and buying this book, because it's cheap, and flipping to the first chapter that catches your eye.You will probably like what you see: English translation of texts by Galileo, Boyle, Cavendish, etc., which are short excerpts of the "good part".In the margins, there are commentaries to help you out with archaic language and "weirder" aspects.Now you're cooking!You can go on to other reading if you want.

Essential !!!
I strongly recommend this book for everyone interested in physics. Professor Shamos did a fantastic job in collecting in one single book the experiments and original works of the main geniuses of the history ofphysics. It's so much more interesting and easy to understand theprinciples when you visualize the context in which they were developed.Such literature must be obrigatory for every student of physics !! ... Read more

Book Description
"An elegant read for anyone interested in understanding modern physics. Tavel has a genuine knack for making the difficult and obscure clear and exciting." --Joseph C. Pitt, author of Thinking about Technology"You will never look at scientific theories in the same way again." --John Hubiscz, North Carolina State UniversityIntroductory physics is not often a popular class among liberal arts majors. With its lively prose and analogies from the arts, humanities, and social sciences, however, Contemporary Physics and the Limits of Knowledge is guaranteed to enlighten and delight nonscience majors.Morton Tavel contends that every one of the six topics that he explores--symmetry, special and general relativity, statistical physics, quantum mechanics, and chaos--has played a role in telling us what we are unable to know about the physical world. He explains what each of the topics reveals about our attempts to pinpoint reality, and how each scientific revelation forces us to acknowledge a narrowing rather than a broadening of our knowledge. Chaos theory, for example, reveals a way to understand the randomness that seems so prevalent in natural phenomena such as weather. This development unifies our understanding of many phenomena that had been previously thought unrelated. Yet, chaos represents a significant diminution in what we can hope to predict about the course of natural events. It has increased our knowledge or understanding of a phenomena, but has seriously eroded our long-held, Newtonian vision of prediction and control.Tavel emphasizes the features of physics that make it a very human endeavor and serve to build bridges to all other intellectual disciplicnes. Morton Tavel is a professor of physics at Vassar College. ... Read more

Book Description
Fifteen years on from the highly praised The New Physics, new scientific advances have led to a dramatic reappraisal of our understanding of the world around us, and made a significant impact on our lifestyle. Underpinning all the other branches of science, physics affects the way we live our lives and ultimately how life itself functions. This fully rewritten new edition investigates key frontiers in modern physics. Exploring our universe, from the particles within atoms to the stars making up galaxies, it reveals the vital role invisible mechanisms play in the world around us, and explains new techniques, from nano-engineering and brain research to the latest advances in high-speed data networks and custom-built materials. Written by leading international experts in a lively and accessible style, each of the nineteen self-contained chapters will fascinate scientists of all disciplines, and anyone wanting to know more about the world of physics.- Lively and accessible account of the hottest topics in physics- Written by leading international experts including Nobel prize winners- Builds on the highly successful first edition, with a completely new range of subjects ... Read more

Customer Reviews (4)

Nice extension of Davies' book
This book nicely extends Davies' 'New Physics'.

Here we have reviews of the leading physics topics of the last few years that are all well worth reading.

Advances in physics clearly explained
This is a great book on advances in physics that have occurred over the last few years that lies between overly simplistic popular science books and research papers where you become quickly lost in terse language and layers of equations. You do need to have some prior background in physics. Ideally you should have the background of a year of general university level physics and a course in modern physics, or the equivalent of that. Some knowledge of general chemistry would come in handy too. Otherwise, there are enough equations and an assumption of basic physics knowledge on the part of the reader that you'll get lost quickly.

Basically, the book shows you physics in action solving the problems of today using great illusrations and a clear and accessible writing style that holds your interest. The chapters don't build on one another and you can pick and choose what you're interested in. Remember that this is not a textbook, so there are no problem sets. The final strong point of the book is the price. At under forty dollars it's a very reasonable purchase for the casual learner. My favorite sections were part 1 on Matter and the Universe and part 4 on Calculation and Computation. I thought the chapter on superstring theory was particularly well done and clear. I highly recommend this book for getting a good big picture of physics at work.

The New Physics for the Twenty First Century
Very comprehensive coverage of the new world of Physics presenteted by the various leading practicioners in the field today.Difficult reading for anyone with no more than High School Physics.

The Latest Physics Information
This book is a great source for the latest developements in physics.I particularly found the info on quantum computers to be facinating. ... Read more

Book Description

The Life and Times of W.K.H. Panofsky is not only an autobiography of the respected physicist and director of the Stanford Linear Accelorator Center, but a discussion and analysis of issues critical to the relationship between independent academic inquiry and imposed government orthodoxy. The major phases of Dr. Panofsky's life are discussed chronologically, from his early research at the beginning of World War II, to his work as director of the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center to his recent efforts towards arms control and the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons.

Book Description
Physics deals with energy like heat and sound, forces such as gravity, what's in a lightning flash - and why planes crash.Physicists risked their lives with dangerous experiments and some blew themselves to pieces.In this book, read about the monk who tried to fly like a bird, how bath time proved a gold crown was fake, and why electric shocks were measured by how high they made people jump. ... Read more

Book Description
Alsos was a scientific intelligence mission launched by the Allies in the autumn of 1943 to determine the progress of German research on the atom bomb. With the suspense of a thriller, Goudsmit recounts the circumstances leading up to the mission, the methods its participants used to do their scientific sleuthing, and the reaction of the German scientists on the day the atom bomb fell on Hiroshima. With a new introduction by David Cassidy About the Author: Samuel Goudsmit was born in The Netherlands and in 1925 he and fellow student George Uhlenbeck discovered electron spin. In 1927 he emigrated to the U.S., working at the University of Michigan and later at MIT until being detailed to the War Department to participate in the Alsos Mission. He served as a senior scientist at Brookhaven National Laboratory from 1954 to 1970 and was the founder of Physical Review Letters. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (4)

A unique view of the intelligence analysis process
I purchased this book as a supplemental reference to other reading (The Farmhall Transcripts, Stan Ulam's Memoir, Larry Badash's reading list) and had already read Goudsmit's before this purchase.

Basically, the current value of this book is how intelligence officers not schooled in nuclear weapons learn about why some of this technology is not easily found in a garage (unlike portions of the computer industry).The writing style is 1st person and fun, and not intended to be any sort of historic analysis.Some people might find running around France looking for radioactive wine a waste, but some people can't take a joke.The book humanizes Boris Pash more than other books.

The book is only intended as a account, not the final word.The latter editions of this book may include photographs, diagrams, and other media not found in earlier editions and can resolve some of the thinking about German atomic piles which the text alone can't convey.It's not a book for every one, it's very context sensitive and other historic reading could put some of this into context (usually Richard Rhoades Atomic Bomb history or equivalent {R. Jungk would work}).

Enjoy yourself.

ALSOS
I heard Goudsmit speak on this (and read the book - library copy) when I was at Brookhaven in the 1950's. I found it an interesting tale. ALSOS was the code name of the scientific mission that Goudsmit led to see how far the Nazi scientists had gotten on the atom bomb (without tipping our hand on how far the Americans had gotten!) Goudsmit was able to sift through German scientists because he knew personally everyphysicist in Germany capable of making an atom bomb.

By the way, the subtitle (History of Modern Physics and Astronomy, Vol 1) is erronious, the book is the same ALSOS I read in the 50's and has no such subtitle.

Fascinating piece of WWII history
I am in no way disappointed with Dr. Goudsmit's account of the Alsos project, especially after reading the truly tedious account written by Boris Pash.For those who do not know the story, Dr. Goudsmit was the foremost nuclear physicist that was not attached to one of the three Manhattan Project labs.He was sent into Nazi Germany with what amounted to a small special forces team to seekout the German atomic bomb project and to achieve three goals - report on the progress of the German scientists, bring as many of their physicists and their materials into Allied hands as possible, and discourage the remainder from going over to the Soviets.There is a mix of humor (radioactive wine!) and deep tragedy (Dr. Goudsmit's parent's house) that make for enthralling reading.This book, along with "Assault in Norway" and "The Farm Hall Reports" give a first hand account of the threat of atomic energy had it been achieved by the Nazis.Highly recommended.

A Tiny Bit Disappointing
Supposedly about the scientific intelligence teams that wandered through post-war (just) Germany trying to locate the Reich's scientific secrets...

When I first ordered this book, I assumed that it would be anexciting blend of adventure and science. Ah, no. Rather, the writer spendsan inordinate amount of time telling us about himself, Atomic Theory,pre-war Germany, his role in winning the war and so on. As it turns out,he's had a fairly interesting life, so the book isn't a total bust, but Iwould have liked to have learned more about the grunts in the field and therisks they took. ... Read more

Book Description

Customer Reviews (2)

Over My Head
I have read several dozen books on the subject of Cosmology and related topics. This is a technically oriented book filled with intricate mathematical formulas and is clearly geared for advanced students. I am not shy about mathematics or formulas as a rule and have handled other books on Quantum mechanics, relativity and physics but this book was just over my head.

If you really want to understand Quantum Mechanics...
...you're probably out of luck, because no seems to really understandQuantum Mechanics! However, understanding how these very strange conceptsarose while physics was "under construction" in the early 20thCentury is probably the best way to come to terms with it. This book seemsto be the best thing to a "blow by blow" account of how differentideas emerged, were discussed, and were modified or rejected. It containstranslations of many of the original (mostly German) key papers, along witha prefatory essay that places them in context. Reading these papers is muchpreferable to reading the typical brief history of QM presented in mosttext books: you can see what the pioneers were really thinking about, intheir own words, as opposed to a retrospective point of view that ignoresthe ambiguities they actually faced.

It begins with Einstein'sderivation of the Planck spectral distribution law; includes Ehrenfest'sdiscussion of adiabatic invariants; Bohr's final presentation of the oldQuantum Theory; several papers on the theory of dispersion; and on to thedevelopment of matrix mechanics by Heisenberg, Born and Jordan; and Dirac'sreformulation.

It does not cover Schroedinger's development of wavemechanics, nor the derivation of the Dirac equation for the relativisticelectron, nor quantum field theory. However, the period covered was themost paradigm-shattering part of the development of QM.

Perhapsunfortunately, it is unlikely that the typical student of Physics will havethe time to study this book. However, for those who really love Physics andwant to understand it, this book is essential. With 17 major papers, it hasenough material to occupy months of personal study.

nealjking@hotmail.com ... Read more

Book Description
Transmuted Past follows the development of theories of stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis in the twentieth century and describes radiometric methods for estimating the age of the Earth. Professor Brush also offers perspectives on the changing reputation of planetary science relative to the "pure" sciences, such as physics, anda comparison of history and geology as ways of studying the past. ... Read more

Book Description
During the past 200 years, astronomers and geologists have developed and tested several different theories about the origin of the solar system and the nature of the Earth. Together, the three volumes that comprise A History of Modern Planetary Physics present a survey of these theories. Nebulous Earth follows the development of Laplace's Nebular Hypothesis, its connection with ideas about the interior of the Earth, and its role in the establishment of the "evolutionary" worldview that dominated science in the latter part of the nineteenth century.Brush also explores Saturn's rings, Poincaré's contributions to ideas about cosmic evolution, the use of seismology to probe the earth's core, and explanations of the Earth's magnetic field. This series will interest historians and philosophers of science as well as earth scientists and geologists. ... Read more

Book Description
The early twentieth century saw the replacement of the Nebular Hypothesis with the Chamberlin-Moulton theory that the solar system resulted from the encounter of the Sun with a passing star. Fruitful Encounters follows the eventual refutation of the encounter theory and the subsequent revival of a modernized Nebular Hypothesis. Professor Brush also discusses the role of findings from the Apollo space program, especially the analysis of lunar samples, culminating in the establishment of the "giant impact" theory of the Moon's origin in the 1980s. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Masterful Volume in a Trilogy on Modern Physics
This is an outstanding volume by a superb historian of science. Is is the third volume in a trilogy entitled, "A History of Modern Planetary Physics." While there is considerably more in "Fruitful Encounters: The Origins of the Solar System and of the Moon from Chamberlin to Apollo" than the science accruing from Project Apollo, that was my major interest in reading the book. In "Fruitful Encounters" Stephen G. Brush of the University of Maryland spends considerable effort discussing the scientific return from Apollo during the 1960s and 1970s. Placing the history of lunar science into a broad continuum from the eighteenth to the twentieth century he explores the evolution of scientific thinking about the origins of the solar system and the evolution of its bodies. As historian Ronald E. Doel commented, "one of Brush's pursuits over the years has been to employ the history of nineteenth and twentieth century physical science to assess the adequacy of Kuhnian, Popperian, Lakatosian theories of science to evaluate the production of scientific knowledge, and Brush turns to these issues again here. He is particularly effective in pointing to historical example that refute Lakatos's claims that scientists never falsify a theory before the emergence of a better theoretical alternative" (Ronald E. Doel, "Theories and Origins of Planetary Physics," Isis 90 (September 1999): 563-68).

Brush's arguments focus on the longterm development of theory and its interaction with scientific inquiry. As such, it is a model of how such issues as lunar science accomplished with Apollo missions might be incorporated into larger history of science.

This is an outstanding work for anyone seeking to understand the evolution of scientific understanding about the Solar System, and the place of the Moon landing program in the larger research setting. Highly recommended. ... Read more

Book Description

Customer Reviews (1)

A detailed and stimulating analysis
Crosbie Smith charts the rise of the concept of energy through the 19th century to its installation as the most important concept in science. His analysis is probably designed to upset some in that he frequently givesevidence that progress in science is as much to do with power-politics asit is to do with new and important scientific results. But most experiencedscientists will know that, sadly, this analysis is accurate. Crosbie'sanalysis is detailed and stimulating because he is not afraid to putforward potentially controversial ideas. The book focuses on the endeavoursof a North British group of scientists including Maxwell, Joule, WilliamThomson (Lord Kelvin) and Tait. It is strongly recommended for anyoneinterested in the history of thermodynamics. ... Read more

Book Description
Stephen Hawking’s worldwide bestseller, A Brief History of Time, has been a landmark volume in scientific writing. Its author’s engaging voice is one reason, and the compelling subjects he addresses is another: the nature of space and time, the role of God in creation, the history and future of the universe. But it is also true that in the years since its publication, readers have repeatedly told Professor Hawking of their great difficulty in understanding some of the book’s most important concepts.

This is the origin of and the reason for A Briefer History of Time: its author’s wish to make its content more accessible to readers—as well as to bring it up-to-date with the latest scientific observations and findings.

Although this book is literally somewhat “briefer,” it actually expands on the great subjects of the original. Purely technical concepts, such as the mathematics of chaotic boundary conditions, are gone. Conversely, subjects of wide interest that were difficult to follow because they were interspersed throughout the book have now been given entire chapters of their own, including relativity, curved space, and quantum theory.

This reorganization has allowed the authors to expand areas of special interest and recent progress, from the latest developments in string theory to exciting developments in the search for a complete unified theory of all the forces of physics. Like prior editions of the book—but even more so—A Briefer History of Time will guide nonscientists everywhere in the ongoing search for the tantalizing secrets at the heart of time and space. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (46)

Interesting yet comprehensive for laymen ...
I understand some of the concepts presented but was disappointed that the time wasn't taken to explain the minor details of some of the theories. What is a blackbody? The term wasn't in the glossary or fully explained in the body of the text. The example of interference was, on the other hand, too simple and explained a two-slit experiment that a 4th grader would understand. Einsten's theory of relativity is only cursorily explained.

"A Short History of Sometimes Useful Theories"
There are a lot of theories in this book and no imagination. Because Mr. Hawking has a lot of complex math equations that make little sense to any one but his fellow math buddies why dose that make him an authority on anything.
Secondly I would argue that black holes are givers of life not takers they make room in the limited amount of space in the galaxy for other solar systems to exist. The ultimate predator, scavenger they kill indiscriminately just like any lion or wolf and slowly evaporate that energy back into the universe. Think about it for a second most of your really big black holes are in the center of the galaxy and that is where all the action in the galaxy is. Without Black holes the galaxy would be nothing but big bodies slamming into each other even all the way out here on the edge of the galaxy where we are. Not only that but it has been proven for a long time that if your at a correct angle you can easily survive very close to a black hole. This would be a huge benefit for any solar system you would not have to worry about stray comets and asteroids like we do. But it takes imagination to see things like this something Mr. Hawking and his math club lack.
There are other, how in the world would he know these things in this book. For instance the theory that man can not travel faster than the speed of light if Mr. Hawking was as much a student of history as he claims. He would know that in the history of automobile travel it was once believed that of you went too fast in a car you would die. And this was a widely accepted scientific theory at the time. Theoretical Physics and Math will only get you so far the only way to find out is to do. This book should have been called "A Short History of Sometimes Useful Theories" sense that is what it is and these theories hold no more weight than anyone else's theories including yours.

Eric

A great overview!
Stephen Hawking is one of the few truly brilliant men who also has the ability to speak in a concise and meaningful way to people who are not experts. The book offers the absolute best overview of modern physics covering theories of both the past and present. Specifically, Hawking provides one of the best overviews of modern quantum theory that I have read.

A Great Book
I think this book is as close as anyone will come to make quantum mechanics an easy subject. That is why I gave it 5 stars.

That being said, I only have a marginal increase of my understanding of the subject after reading the book.

I guess it is true that : "If you say that you understand quantum mechanics, and if you are NOT surprised, then you really did not understand quantum mechanics" !

Half confused, half amazed
For as simple as Hawking was supposed to present the complicated theoretical physics concepts, at times I still found myself as confused as Adam on Mother's Day.Dr. Hawking's work is caught between a rock and a hard place in "A Brief History of Time" and the subsequent "The Universe in a Nutshell"; he provides neither the technical language to satisfy the experienced readers, nor the sufficiently simplified rhetoric to appeal to the uninitiated.Not to worry as the theories and supporting arguments in both books can still satisfy the curiosity of the inexperienced, and his celebrity status in the world of physics keeps the experienced audience engaged.

There is one update to this book not mentioned, and that is, Hawking eventually admits that he was wrong about his theory of loss of information in black holes.This idea of his had put him at odds with many theoretical physicists.Instead, he puts forth the unproven theory that information in a black hole is transferred to a parallel universe.Unfortunately, time may not permit Hawking to complete his work on the proof or supporting evidence of this important theory.His terminal illness appears to be finally catching up to him.I wish him well and thank him for his important contributions to the science of understanding the universe.

Despite its shortcomings, A Brief History of Time succeeds in shedding light on the mysteries of the creation of the universe at the point of singularity, what happened subsequently, and what may or may not transpire in the future.Hawking discusses in length Einstein's general theory of relativity, quantum mechanics and the attempt to combine these into a grand unified theory, a lofty goal that has eluded theoretical physicists to date. ... Read more

Book Description
"His experience and insight, combined with a great honesty and clarity of vision, placed him among the most authoritative commentators in his field." Brian Cathcart, Deputy Editor, The Independent and author of Test of Greatness: Britain's Struggle for the Atom Bomb Highly respected physicist Rudolf Peierls offers an enlightening collection of essays, book reviews, and candid profiles of some of the most famous scientists of the 20th century. Many of the essays are concerned with the nuclear arms race, which Dr. Peierls has consistently opposed. The book reviews are most revealing and reflect Peierls's position on the Strategic Defense Initiative and his views on energy policy. Peierls also writes about mentor Wolfgang Pauli, the controversial figure of Werner Heisenberg, J. Robert Oppenheimer as a troubled young man, and personal friends Herbert Skinner, Niels Bohr, Max Planck, and others. About the Author In 1940, Rudolph Peierls, together with Otto Frisch, put forth the theory that if U-235 could be separated from U-238, an 11 pound bomb could be produced with the equivalent power of several tons of dynamite. Educated in Germany, Dr. Peierls went to Zurich in 1929 to assist the pioneering physicist Wolfgang Pauli. In 1932 he became a Rockefeller Fellow and went to England as a researcher. He remained in England after Hitler came to power and following World War II he taught at the University of Birmingham and later at Oxford. ... Read more

Book Description

This book is written in Chinese.

In this book, Miao Kecheng looks at the history and development of physics in ancient China and the Modern Western world. He examines the most valuable thinking and achievements in physics in ancient China including the evolution of ancient Chinese physics, metrology, mechanics, acoustics, electronics, magnetics, and optics. He also studies Modern Western classical mechanics, thermodynamics, electronics, magnetics, optics, and kinetic molecular theory. ... Read more