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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: In category theory, a branch of mathematics, a Grothendieck topology is a structure on a category C which makes the objects of C act like the open sets of a topological space. A category together with a choice of Grothendieck topology is called a site. Grothendieck topologies axiomatize the notion of an open cover. Using the notion of covering provided by a Grothendieck topology, it becomes possible to define sheaves on a category and their cohomology. This was first done in algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory by Alexander Grothendieck to define the étale cohomology of a scheme. It has been used to define other cohomology theories since then, such as l-adic cohomology, flat cohomology, and crystalline cohomology. While Grothendieck topologies are most often used to define cohomology theories, they have found other applications as well, such as to John Tate's theory of rigid analytic geometry. There is a natural way to associate a site to an ordinary topological space, and Grothendieck's theory is loosely regarded as a generalization of classical topology. Under meager point-set hypotheses, namely sobriety, this is completely accurateit is possible to recover a sober space from its associated site. However simple examples such as the indiscrete topological space show that not all topological spaces can be expressed using Grothendieck topologies. Conversely, there are Grothendieck topologies which do not come from topological spaces. André Weil's famous Weil conjectures proposed that certain properties of equations with integral coefficients should be understood as geometric properties of the algebraic variety that they defined. His conjectures postulated that there should be a cohomology theory of algebraic varieties which gave numbe... More: http://booksllc.net/?id=12910 ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Science and Its Times, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 446 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.The histories of science, technology, and mathematics merge with the study of humanities and social science in this interdisciplinary reference work. Essays on people, theories, discoveries, and concepts are combined with overviews, bibliographies of primary documents, and chronological elements to offer students a fascinating way to understand the impact of science on the course of human history and how science affects everyday life. Entries represent people and developments throughout the world, from about 2000 B.C. through the end of the twentieth century. ... Read more

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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! In mathematics, namely algebraic geometry, the Zariski topology is a particular topology chosen for algebraic varieties that reflects the algebraic nature of their definition. It is due to Oscar Zariski and took a place of particular importance in the field around 1950. Joe Harris says in his introductory lectures that it is "not a real topology" and points out that in the Zariski topology, every two algebraic curves are homeomorphic simply because their underlying sets have equal cardinalities and their topologies are both cofinite. Naturally, such a homeomorphism is not a regular map, but this merely highlights the fact that the deep structure of algebraic varieties is mostly encoded in the choice of functions between them rather than of topologies on them. ... Read more

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Alexander Grothendieck (born March 28, 1928 in Berlin, Germany) is considered one of the greatest mathematicians of the 20th century. He is most famous for his revolutionary advances in algebraic geometry, but he has also made major contributions to algebraic topology, number theory, category theory, Galois theory, descent theory, commutative homological algebra and functional analysis. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1966, and was co-awarded the Crafoord Prize with Pierre Deligne in 1988. He declined the latter prize on ethical grounds in an open letter to the media. He is noted for his mastery of abstract approaches to mathematics, and his perfectionism in matters of formulation and presentation. In particular, he demonstrated the ability to derive concrete results using only very general methods. Relatively little of his work after 1960 was published by the conventional route of the learned journal, circulating initially in duplicated volumes of seminar notes; his influence was to a considerable extent personal, on French mathematics and the Zariski school at Harvard University. ... Read more

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This book is based on lectures given at a summer school on motivic homotopy theory at the Sophus Lie Centre in Nordfjordeid, Norway, in August 2002. Aimed at graduate students in algebraic topology and algebraic geometry, it contains background material from both of these fields, as well as the foundations of motivic homotopy theory.

It will serve as a good introduction as well as a convenient reference for a broad group of mathematicians to this important and fascinating new subject.

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Étale Cohomology is one of the most important methods in modern Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory. It has, in the last decades, brought fundamental new insights in arithmetic and algebraic geometric problems with many applications and many important results. The book gives a short and easy introduction into the world of Abelian Categories, Derived Functors, Grothendieck Topologies, Sheaves, General Étale Cohomology, and Étale Cohomology of Curves. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Terrific companion to the SGA
This book is aimed at readers who want to know etale cohomology--it spends little time on motivation.If you have not already heard of the SGA (Grothendieck's Séminaire de Géométrie Algébrique) then you probably don't want to read this.It is in effect an introduction to the SGA, especially SGA 4 (and 4 1/2). It is very helpful as a concise summary giving an overview in many fewer pages than the SGA do.

A special virtue is the quick introduction to spectral sequences, and the many examples using them. Specialists will note these are all Grothendieck spectral sequences, relating the derived functors of a composite to the derived functors of the composed functors. So in one sense they are a special case more used in algebraic geometry than in topology perhaps. But a widely useful case.

This book does not say a lot about the étale fundamental group of a scheme and in general it does not go far into algebraic geometry. It is a companion to other books that do that.

It is a splendid short peek at Grothendieck's view of cohomology.
... Read more

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The many diverse articles presented in these three volumes, collected on the occasion of Alexander Grothendieck’s sixtieth birthday and originally published in 1990, were offered as a tribute to one of the world’s greatest living mathematicians. Grothendieck changed the very way we think about many branches of mathematics. Many of his ideas, revolutionary when introduced, now seem so natural as to have been inevitable. Indeed, it is difficult to fully grasp the influence his vast contributions to modern mathematics have subsequently had on new generations of mathematicians.

Many of the groundbreaking contributions in these volumes contain material that is now considered foundational to the subject. Topics addressed by these top-notch contributors match the breadth of Grothendieck’s own interests, including: functional analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, number theory, representation theory, K-theory, category theory, and homological algebra.

CONTRIBUTORS to Volume III: A. Lascoux; S. Lichtenbaum; G. Lusztig; Z. Mebkhout; A. Ogus; A.N. Parshin; M. Raynaud; G.B. Shabat; L. Szpiro; R. Thomason; A. Treibich; T.F. Trobaugh; J.-L. Verdier; V.A. Voevodsky; and Y.G. Zarhin.

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Intrinsically noncommutative spaces today are considered from the perspective of several branches of modern physics, including quantum gravity, string theory, and statistical physics. From this point of view, it is ideal to devise a concept of space and its geometry that is fundamentally noncommutative. Providing a clear introduction to noncommutative topology, Virtual Topology and Functor Geometry explores new aspects of these areas as well as more established facets of noncommutative algebra.

Presenting the material in an easy, colloquial style to facilitate understanding, the book begins with an introduction to category theory, followed by a chapter on noncommutative spaces. This chapter examines noncommutative lattices, noncommutative opens, sheaf theory, the generalized Stone space, and Grothendieck topology. The author then studies Grothendieck categorical representations to formulate an abstract notion of "affine open". The final chapter proposes a dynamical version of topology and sheaf theory, providing at least one solution of the problem of sheafification independent of generalizations of topos theory.

By presenting new ideas for the development of an intrinsically noncommutative geometry, this book fosters the further unification of different kinds of noncommutative geometry and the expression of observations that involve natural phenomena. ... Read more

Product Description

The many diverse articles presented in these three volumes, collected on the occasion of Alexander Grothendieck’s sixtieth birthday and originally published in 1990, were offered as a tribute to one of the world’s greatest living mathematicians. Grothendieck changed the very way we think about many branches of mathematics. Many of his ideas, revolutionary when introduced, now seem so natural as to have been inevitable. Indeed, it is difficult to fully grasp the influence his vast contributions to modern mathematics have subsequently had on new generations of mathematicians.

Many of the groundbreaking contributions in these volumes contain material that is now considered foundational to the subject. Topics addressed by these top-notch contributors match the breadth of Grothendieck’s own interests, including: functional analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, number theory, representation theory, K-theory, category theory, and homological algebra.

CONTRIBUTORS to Volume I: A. Altman; M. Artin; V. Balaji; A. Beauville; A.A. Beilinson; P. Berthelot; J.-M. Bismut; S. Bloch; L. Breen; J.-L. Brylinski; J. Dieudonné; H. Gillet; A.B. Goncharov; K. Kato; S. Kleiman; W. Messing; V.V. Schechtman; C.S. Seshadri; C. Soulé; J. Tate; M. van den Bergh; and A.N. Varchenko.

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The focus of this book is on combinatorial objects, dessins d'enfants, which are drawings with vertices and edges on topological surfaces. Their interest lies in their relation with the set of algebraic curves defined over the closure of the rationals, and the corresponding action of the absolute Galois group on them. The articles contained here unite basic elements of the subject with recent advances. Topics covered include: the explicity association of algebraic curves to dessins, the study of the action of the Galois group on the dessins, computation and combinatorics, relations with modular forms, geometry, generating functions, TeichmÜller and moduli spaces.Researchers in number theory, algebraic geometry or related areas of group theory will find much of interest in this book. ... Read more

Product Description

The many diverse articles presented in these three volumes, collected on the occasion of Alexander Grothendieck’s sixtieth birthday and originally published in 1990, were offered as a tribute to one of the world’s greatest living mathematicians. Grothendieck changed the very way we think about many branches of mathematics. Many of his ideas, revolutionary when introduced, now seem so natural as to have been inevitable. Indeed, it is difficult to fully grasp the influence his vast contributions to modern mathematics have subsequently had on new generations of mathematicians.

Many of the groundbreaking contributions in these volumes contain material that is now considered foundational to the subject. Topics addressed by these top-notch contributors match the breadth of Grothendieck’s own interests, including: functional analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, number theory, representation theory, K-theory, category theory, and homological algebra.

CONTRIBUTORS to Volume II: P. Cartier; C. Contou-Carrère; P. Deligne; T. Ekedahl; G. Faltings; J.-M. Fontaine; H. Hamm; Y. Ihara; L. Illusie; M. Kashiwara; V.A. Kolyvagin; R. Langlands; Lé D.T.; D. Shelstad; and A. Voros.

Product Description

The many diverse articles presented in these three volumes, collected on the occasion of Alexander Grothendieck’s sixtieth birthday and originally published in 1990, were offered as a tribute to one of the world’s greatest living mathematicians. Grothendieck changed the very way we think about many branches of mathematics. Many of his ideas, revolutionary when introduced, now seem so natural as to have been inevitable. Indeed, it is difficult to fully grasp the influence his vast contributions to modern mathematics have subsequently had on new generations of mathematicians.

Many of the groundbreaking contributions in these volumes contain material that is now considered foundational to the subject. Topics addressed by these top-notch contributors match the breadth of Grothendieck’s own interests, including: functional analysis, algebraic geometry, algebraic topology, number theory, representation theory, K-theory, category theory, and homological algebra.

CONTRIBUTORS to Volume I: A. Altman; M. Artin; V. Balaji; A. Beauville; A.A. Beilinson; P. Berthelot; J.-M. Bismut; S. Bloch; L. Breen; J.-L. Brylinski; J. Dieudonné; H. Gillet; A.B. Goncharov; K. Kato; S. Kleiman; W. Messing; V.V. Schechtman; C.S. Seshadri; C. Soulé; J. Tate; M. van den Bergh; and A.N. Varchenko.

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This book contributes to important questions in modern representation theory of finite groups. On the one hand, it introduces and develops the abstract setting of the Frobenius categories (also called the Saturated fusion systems in the literature), created by the author fifteen years ago for a better understanding of what was loosely called the local theory either of finite groups or of blocks, and for the purpose of an eventual classification.

On the other hand, it gives the application of the abstract setting to the blocks. In particular, it develops a framework for a deeper understanding of one of the central open problems in representation theory, known as Alperin’s Weight Conjecture (AWC). One of the main results of the book is a reduction theorem of the author’s own form of AWC to quasi-simple groups.

Although it is a research monograph rather than a textbook, all the arguments are widely developed to make it accessible to interested graduate students. A long introduction gives a motivating insight to each chapter and provides a basic guideline.

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This monograph presents a new, systematic treatment of the relation between classifying topoi and classifying spaces of topological categories. Using a new generalized geometric realization which applies to topoi, a weak homotopy equivalence is constructed between the classifying space and the classifying topos of any small (topological) category. Topos theory is then applied to give an answer to the question of what structures are classified by "classifying" spaces. The monograph should be accessible to anyone with basic knowledge of algebraic topology, sheaf theory, and a little topos theory. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

notes on local cohomology leading to etale
Probably Alexandre Groethendieck's [Grothendieck] most accessible work. Crudely put, this is a study beginning at coboundries (etc.) in algebraic topology and the implications of mapping in duality. It expands on scheme and sheaf theory nicely, although I admit this is beyond me, but the implications of infinitesimal information with a function value of one to be able to map or think from poles and groups is helpful.

The big Kahuna here though is the introduction of and expansion of the ideas of the "etale" which is the first [re]connection of algebraic and number theory properties.

Probably not very helpful review, but for non-specialists (and I'm not one) about as much as can be said. ... Read more