Geometry.Net - Science: Radioactive Waste

Radiation Waste Management @ EHRS
radioactive waste PROGRAM, ANNOUNCEMENTS The radioactive waste PickupProgram now uses the Routine RAM Waste Pickup Request Form
http://www.ehrs.upenn.edu/resources/waste/rad/default.html

Extractions: We collect according to rotation, giving each laboratory an opportunity for waste pickup once each month. Laboratories wishing to have waste collection can request pickup by filling out the Routine RAM Waste Pickup Request Form on or before the Monday of their collection week. Non-routine waste pickups can be requested using the Special RAM Waste Pickup Request Form. Waste containing short-lived isotopes are held on campus until decay is complete, then disposed as ordinary waste. Long-lived waste is packaged, then manifests are completed according to regulations. The waste is then is shipped to a waste processor to reduce the volume, prior to disposal in a low-level radioactive waste site.
Andra - Quality And Environment : Storage Of Radioactive Waste
Andra is a state agency responsible for the management of radioactivewaste produced in France. It has a threefold task store short
http://www.andra.fr/eng/landra/aq.htm

Extractions: waste management agency The Andra : Quality and Environment General Agency Policy T he Agency benefits from a solid legal and statutory framework, which defines its missions and expected results: article 13 of the law of December 30th, 1991 lays down the Agency's main guidelines. This law stipulates in particular that Andra is responsible for long-term radioactive waste management, and for contributing to national policy with regards to radioactive waste management. Our vocation is to provide efficient radioactive waste management and put forward management solutions, while continuing to serve the public and ensure public and environmental protection in compliance with legal provisions. A ndra's actions and proposals systematically take into account scientific, environmental and social aspects. The Agency uses state-of-the-art scientific expertise to warrant the quality of its research and projects, and gives top priority to protecting populations and the environment. Its transparent and rigorous management policies are intended to provide authorities and the public with detailed information on the issue of radioactive waste management.
Radiation Effects And Radioactive Waste Management Group
Radiation Effects and radioactive waste Management Research Group. Collegeof Engineering Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Science.
http://www-ners.engin.umich.edu/relw/
Radiation Safety Manual 1997
Part III radioactive waste. Introduction, Safe disposal of radioactivewaste is expensive. When designing a laboratory procedure, minimize
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/researchlab/radlaser/manual/part3/waste.ht

Extractions: Response to spills, losses, and other incidents Part III: Radioactive Waste Introduction Safe disposal of radioactive waste is expensive. When designing a laboratory procedure, minimize waste generation and mixed waste streams as much as practicable. Definition Radioactive waste includes any items that contain radioactivity that is distinguishable above background levels using an instrument that is sensitive for the nuclide, and that is set on its most sensitive scale, and with no interposed shielding. Detecting low energy radionuclides Many radioactive wastes, such as H-3, C-14, S-35, and I-125 are not readily detectable with GM survey instruments. Hence, items that are in the work area where these or similar unsealed materials are present must be assumed to have been contaminated unless they are surveyed by an acceptable alternative method. For waste contaminated with low energy beta emitters, make smear surveys and measure them with a liquid scintillation counter. For I-125, use a NaI scintillation detector to survey potentially contaminated items. If this is impractical, our policy is to assume that the surface is contaminated and discard it as radioactive waste.
Radioactive Waste Program
radioactive waste Program. The radioactive waste Program is just oneof the many service oriented programs here at EH S. In addition
http://www.stanford.edu/dept/EHS/prod/enviro/Radioactive_Waste.html

Extractions: There are numerous government regulations that govern how to identify, minimize, contain and dispose of radioactive waste. Stanford has an obligation to explain to you all the rules and regulations that come with working with radioactive materials. With the campus and the community in mind we are here to facilitate compliance. We will help in any way that we can. Radioactive Waste Management Procedures and Guidelines
CHAPTER VII-DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE
CHAPTER VIIDISPOSAL OF radioactive waste. 7.1 Solid radioactive waste Polyethylenecubitainers are available for disposal of liquid radioactive waste.
http://radiationsafety.asu.edu/radio_active/ractive_manual/chap_7.html

Extractions: Notice to Employees CHAPTER VII-DISPOSAL OF RADIOACTIVE WASTE Liquid Radioactive Waste Polyethylene cubitainers are available for disposal of liquid radioactive waste. These containers should be placed in an outer container such as a plastic dish pan marked with a radioactive warning label with the words "Radioactive Material" or " Radioactive Waste". Care must be taken when disposing of radioactive liquid not to contaminate the side of the containers. Users must not dispose of radioactive waste in sinks.
CIC Home Page
Minutes, newsletters, contact information, and other records of the Commission (includes Nebraska, Category Regional North America OrganizationsCentral Interstate LowLevel radioactive waste Commission.Public Information. Last Updated 03/14/2003
http://www.cillrwcc.org/

Extractions: Central Interstate Low-Level Radioactive Waste Commission Public Information Last Updated 03/14/2003 Contact Information Commissioners CIC Staff Host State Announcements IN THE NEWS link to recent news articles) Special Teleconference Meeting scheduled for March 14, 2003, Lincoln, Nebraska Special Meeting tentatively scheduled for April 10, 2003 Lincoln, Nebraska Annual Meeting tentatively scheduled for June 12, 2003, Lincoln, Nebraska DATE CHANGED Special Teleconference Meeting tentatively scheduled for July 9, 2003, Lincoln, Nebraska (Export Applications for Fiscal Year 2003-2004) Agenda Special Teleconference Meeting - March 14, 2003 Generators of LLRW Export Applications for FY01-02 Export Applications for FY02-03 Generators of LLRW - please complete 2002 Waste Survey Approved Generators Export Authorizations for Fiscal Year 2001 Export Authorizations for Fiscal Year 2002 Export Authorizations for Fiscal Year 2003 Minutes June 4, 2002 Minutes - Annual Meeting July 2, 2002 Minutes - Special Teleconference July 26, 2002 Minutes - Emergency Teleconference October 23, 2002 Minutes - Special Teleconference ... March 14, 2003 Minutes - Special Teleconference Reference Documents ARCHIVE Rules of the Central Interstate Low Level Radioactive Waste Commission Federal Litigation Decision Received September 30, 2002
Radioactive Waste Section
radioactive waste SECTION. The radioactive waste Section of the RadiationControl Program was formed in September 1994. The section
http://www.state.me.us/dhs/eng/rad/hp_waste.htm

Extractions: RCP Home Bureau of Health Health Engineering RADIOACTIVE WASTE SECTION The Radioactive Waste Section of the Radiation Control Program was formed in September 1994. The section is responsible for the implementation and enforcement of rules complying with the provisions of the Texas Compact and provide staff support to the Advisory Commission on Radioactive Waste and Decommissioning . This section is staffed by Thomas Hillman , who can be reached at (207)287-8401. What is the Texas Compact? The Texas Compact is an agreement between the states of Maine, Texas and Vermont regarding the disposal of commercial low-level radioactive waste. As a compact, these States require only one disposal facility for the compact region (rather than one in each State) and have the authority to deny out-of-compact wastes access to regional disposal facilities. The formation of each Compact requires the approval of the federal government through Congressional consent legislation. Thus far ten Compacts have received the approval of Congress. The Texas Compact has been approved by all three party states and has received Congressional approval. Under the Texas Compact agreement, the States of Maine and Vermont each contribute $25 million to the State of Texas, in exchange for 50 years of access to the proposed Texas low-level radioactive waste disposal facility. Maine and Vermont benefit under this arrangement by being ensured access to a low-level radioactive waste disposal facility, avoiding a far more expensive in-state siting process. The benefits for Texas are two fold. Firstly, as a Compact, Texas may exclude the importation of any out of Compact low-level radioactive wastes, as provided by the 1980 Low-Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act and its 1985 amendment. Secondly, Texas will use the majority of the $50 million towards construction costs of a facility. (Ten percent of the $50 million will be paid to the host county.) Notwithstanding the costs described above, Maine generators will be assesed disposal fees at the same rate as Texas generators.
RADIOACTIVE WASTE; The Truth, Not The Spin
radioactive waste The truth, not the spin. The sheets focus on what the Governmentcalls the National radioactive waste Repository . What is a repository?
http://www.ccsa.asn.au/nic/NucWaste/factorfiction2.htm

Extractions: THE NATIONAL REPOSITORY The sheets focus on what the Government calls the "National Radioactive Waste Repository" What is a repository? It is a shallow burial pit, commonly known as a dump. What radioactive waste is to be buried in the dump? Well you might ask. On the cover of the folder containing the sheets is a sticker. This sticker makes the point that the National Repository is "a facility for disposal of low level-radioactive waste". It takes pains to point out that this is seperate (sic) to the National Store, which is for intermediate level waste. On page 1 of sheet 1 we find that the repository "will be used for the disposal of low level and short-lived radioactive waste" What is the difference between "low level" and "short-lived"? What the Government means is "short-lived intermediate level".
GoldSim Solutions - Radioactive Waste Management
radioactive waste Management. Why has the United States Department of Energyselected GoldSim to address the challenge of radioactive waste disposal?
http://www.goldsim.com/Solutions/RadWaste.asp?TopNav=solutions&LeftNav=solutions
AMERICAN BAPTIST RESOLUTION ON HAZARDOUS, TOXIC AND RADIOACTIVE WASTE - 12/92
819612/92 AMERICAN BAPTIST RESOLUTION ON HAZARDOUS, TOXIC AND radioactive waste1The recognition of problems from all forms of hazardous, toxic and
http://www.abc-usa.org/resources/resol/hazmat.htm

Extractions: The recognition of problems from all forms of hazardous, toxic and radioactive waste is of comparatively recent origin. Since the 1940s traditional methods of disposal of chemical waste underground, on the land, in the air, in the rivers or in the seas were followed and considered satisfactory. Even from the beginning of the nuclear age, plans once considered adequate for disposal of high level radioactive waste are questionable. The Bible provides us with a framework for analyzing the sinful nature of things and activities which pollute creation (Isaiah 24:5-6). Wholeness cannot come to creation unless we repent and turn away from wasteful lifestyles. The sinful state is not cause for hopeless despair. Jesus Christ redeemed us, and calls us to choose life as God's stewards (Romans 5:1-11; Romans 8:12-23; Luke 12:42-48). Through the power of God's spirit each person's life make a difference for good. We claim our responsibility, therefore, to participate in making decisions which affect the well-being of ourselves, our families, and the created order itself.
6th Transportation Of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste
SHIPMENT ALERT 6th Transportation of Japanese HighLevel radioactive waste. On 6Dec. 2000, the Japan Nuclear Fuel Ltd. and the Nuclear Fuel Transport Co., Ltd.
http://www.cnic.or.jp/english/news/misc/cask-trans6.html

Extractions: UP Request to abandon the plan to host ITER project in Japan a suit for the injunction to shut down Hamaoka nuclear plants CNIC Letter to The Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency ... 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste by the route around Cape Horn [ 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste ] Major Withdrawal of Licenses for Japanese Nuclear Transport Casks Cooling Pumps Stop Simultaneously at Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant Inside Information revealed that development of the equipment for inspection of Monju's steam generator is facing difficulty Caribbean Nations Oppose Transportation of Japanese Spent Fuel ... Japan Resumes Reprocessing of Spent Fuel SHIPMENT ALERT 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste On 6 Dec. 2000, the Japan Nuclear Fuel Ltd. and the Nuclear Fuel Transport Co., Ltd. announced that the 6th shipment of Japanese high level radioactive waste from Europe back to Japan will take place early next year. According to the Electric Newspaper, the companies plan to have the ship leave Europe by mid-January, and arrive in Rokkasho, Aomori Prefecture around February 2001. The short transport period involved in this plan most likely means that the route will be through Panama Canal. The high level waste was treated at UP3 Plant of COGEMA in La Hauge, France and will be carried by Pacific Nuclear Transport Ltd. (PNTL) owned by British Nuclear Fuels plc. (BNFL), COGEMA, and the Federation of Electric Power Companies (FEPCO). JNFL applied to have 8 casks containing 192 canisters transported to its high level waste storage facility in Aomori Prefecture.
6th Transportation Of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste
SHIPMENT ALERT. 21 December 2000. 6th Transportation of Japanese HighLevelradioactive waste to go around Cape Horn, South America.
http://www.cnic.or.jp/english/news/misc/cask-trans6(2).html

Extractions: UP Request to abandon the plan to host ITER project in Japan a suit for the injunction to shut down Hamaoka nuclear plants CNIC Letter to The Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency ... Proposal for Referendum on MOX Plan Fails Upon Reexamination [ 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste by the route around Cape Horn ] 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste Major Withdrawal of Licenses for Japanese Nuclear Transport Casks Cooling Pumps Stop Simultaneously at Rokkasho Reprocessing Plant Inside Information revealed that development of the equipment for inspection of Monju's steam generator is facing difficulty ... Japan Resumes Reprocessing of Spent Fuel 21 December 2000 6th Transportation of Japanese High-Level Radioactive Waste to go around Cape Horn, South America The ship "Pacific Swan" carrying 192 canisters (8 casks) of Japanese high-level radioactive waste left France on 19 December 8 p.m. French Time (20 Dec. 4 a.m. Japanese Time) and is headed to the high-level waste storage facility located in Rokkasho, Aomori Prefecture. This is the 6th international marine transportation of Japanese high-level radioactive waste. According to Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO)'s press release issued on 20 December 2000, the ship will take the route around Cape Horn, South America.
UCSD/EHS -Hazardous Waste Guide-Radioactive Waste
Hazardous Waste Guide radioactive waste. Read Waste Generator Number (WGN) Overview.Safely Accumulating and Storing radioactive waste.
http://www-ehs.ucsd.edu/hazwaste/hazbk/rad_waste.htm
Section 9: Radioactive Waste Disposal
Section 7 radioactive waste Disposal. The radioactive waste ManagementProgram. Chart Summary of radioactive waste Disposal Options.
http://www.princeton.edu/~ehs/radman/Section7.html

Extractions: Certain liquid wastes are disposed of through the Sanitary Sewer Disposal Program managed by EHS. All liquid scintillation wastes are disposed of through a contracted radioactive waste disposal services broker as part of the Off-Site Radioactive Waste Disposal Program managed by EHS. Waste Disposal Procedures The flow chart on page 25 will allow a user to determine the basic disposal route for any waste form and will either refer the user to detailed disposal procedures or to EHS for further help.
UW EH&S Radioactive Waste
radioactive waste. 14. If you are not sure how to package your radioactivewaste please call Radiation Safety at 206.543.6328 to
http://www.ehs.washington.edu/waste/rad_waste.htm

Extractions: Other Links Radioactive Materials Main Rad Waste Disposal Fees Labeling RAM Waste Sanitary Sewer Disposal of RAM ... Notes on RAM Waste Packaging waste is a topic that is addressed both in the Radiation Safety Training Class and the Radiation Safety Manual, Chapter 14 . If you are not sure how to package your radioactive waste please call Radiation Safety at 206.543.6328 to: Ask for advice or for the answers to related questions Request that a copy of the Radiation Safety Manual, Chapter 14 be sent to you. or consult: Radiation Safety Manual, Chapter 14 Properly packaging radioactive waste is very important for safety, regulatory reasons, and to maintain a healthy, worry-free working environment for everyone at the UW. Radiation Safety exists primarily to address these kinds of issues, so please call if you need help or advice. See Notes on RAM Waste for a printable list of radioactive waste packaging tips.
NJ LLRW Disposal Facility Siting Board
The Siting Board web page has been moved to the following locations For informationon lowlevel radioactive waste http//www.nj.gov/dep/rpp/llrw;
http://www.state.nj.us/llrwsb/
Radioactive Waste - Environmental Audit 1999-2000 - CSU Chico
radioactive waste. 34) What departments and activities on your campusgenerate radioactive waste and use radioactive substances?
http://www.csuchico.edu/eac/enviroaudit/ra_wst.html

Extractions: Microbiology, Physics, and Chemistry all generate radioactive waste. Microbiology and Physics also use radioactive waste. Radiation is also present on campus due to the X-ray machines that are located at the Student Health Center, and the Anthropology and Physics Departments. This radiation is not characteristic of waste, but is a radioactive producer. What are the quantities of radioactive substances used and wastes generated on campus annually?
ENERGY FACTS: RADIOACTIVE WASTES
radioactive. radioactive waste differs from chemical waste in its uniqueproperty of emitting radioactive ionization. This ionization
http://www.iclei.org/efacts/radioact.htm

Extractions: Initially developed for use in weapons, in the past 30 years nuclear fission has been harnessed to produce electricity. In many ways these nuclear power plants can be seen as a 'clean' source of electricity because they do not emit the atmospheric pollutants given off by fossil fuel fired power plants. The nuclear industry has also spawned many different technologies used in medical procedures and industrial applications. Although the benefits from the nuclear industry are great they are not without their risks, for any use of nuclear energy produces some waste that is radioactive. Radioactive waste differs from chemical waste in its unique property of emitting radioactive ionization. This ionization comes in the form of Alpha particles, nuclei of Helium-4 with 2 protons and 2 neutrons and a +2 charge, Beta particles (electrons with a -1 charge), and Gamma Rays, electromagnetic radiation similar to X-rays which has shorter wavelengths and is more penetrating. These radioisotopes can strip electrons from atoms or split molecules into pieces and can be very harmful to living creatures. Beta and gamma radiation are the most dangerous to living creatures. The damage to living tissue caused by radiation depends on which parts of an organism are exposed and the intensity and duration of the radiation. Radioactive waste is also different from chemical waste in that it cannot be changed with a chemical reaction to form a non-radioactive product. No matter how it is treated or with what it is mixed, it still emits radiation until it naturally decays. The rate of decay of a radioactive isotope is called its half life, the time in which half the initial amount of atoms present takes to decay (Figure 1). The half life for different isotopes can range from several minutes to millions of years. For example, the half life of Uranium-238 is 3.5 billion years, the half life for Carbon-14 is 5730 years, and the half life of radon-222 is 3.82 days. The purpose in understanding the theory behind half life is to realize that radioactive waste stays radioactive until all the atoms have decayed.
ENGnetBASE: Engineering Handbooks Online
Hazardous and radioactive waste Treatment Technologies Handbook. Chang H. Oh.
http://www.engnetbase.com/ejournals/books/book_summary/summary.asp?id=450

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