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This book is based on two symposia that were held at theAmerican Chemical Society National Meeting in San Diego, California,in April 2001, where strategies for the utilization of fossil fuels inthe 21st century were presented. The symposia titled "Greenhouse GasControl and Utilization" and "Environmental Challenges for Fossil FuelUtilization" were sponsored by the Division of Fuel Chemistry, and thelatter was also co-sponsored by the Division of EnvironmentalChemistry. International representatives from numerous countriesaround the world, including the USA, Canada, China, Australia, Japan,Italy, Belgium, Netherlands, Spain, India, France and South Korea,presented oral papers and posters that covered recent developments forthe continuous utilization of fossil fuels, especially those relatedto environmental challenges and greenhouse gas control. This bookcontains thirty peer-reviewed chapters that will provide the readerswith updated research progress in the field of environmental chemicalresearch related to fossil fuel utilization. Furthermore, itsinternational flavor will ensure that a worldwide broad cross sectionof scientific and engineering research is covered throughout the book.The book is logically divided into the following six sections: (1)Pollutant Emissions; (2) Carbon Sequestration; (3) Greenhouse GasEmission Control; (4) Utilization of CO2 for Synthesis GasProduction; (5) Utilization of CO2 for Chemical Synthesis; and(6) Combustion Byproducts. ... Read more

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Ethanol production in the United States totalled almost 5 billion gallons in 2006, about 1 billion gallons more than in 2005. While this was a significant increase, further expansion in the industry is continuing, with production expected to exceed 10 billion gallons by 2009. This large and rapid expansion of U.S. ethanol production affects virtually every aspect of the field crops sector, ranging from domestic demand and exports to prices and the allocation of acreage among crops. Many aspects of the livestock sector are affected too. As a consequence of these commodity market impacts, farm income, government payments, and food prices also change. This book examines the economics of ethanol production and its impact on food prices and greenhouse gas emissions. ... Read more

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This study is divided into three main sections: national strategies and programmes; renewable energies for climate protection; and reduction options in the residential section. Topics covered include greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in Germany and the European Community. ... Read more

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Solar Passive Architecure
Any book written by Prof N. K. Bansal is a masterpiece, which is a result of his contributions in research and development and his innovative thinking.

Solar Passive Architecure
Any book written by Prof N. K. Bansal is a masterpiece, which is a result of his contributions in research and development and his innovative thinking. ... Read more

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The issue of sustainability in the developed world is nowhere more critical than in the field of personal travel, which in many countries has become the fastest-growing contributor to global warming. Unless the use of cars can be brought under control, there is little chance of meeting government targets for reducing greenhouse emissions.

Personal Transport and the Greenhouse Effect sets out the steps that could be taken to lessen the conflict between personal mobility and long-term environmental security. It provides a detailed analysis of the policy options available for limiting carbon dioxide emissions, and highlights the limitations of technological measures in solving the problem. Instead, the book's 12-point plan for sustainability shows how a significant reduction in emissions requires the use of all the policy measures available.

This valuable contribution to a crucial area of debate covering energy, transport policy and the environment will be essential reading for policy makers, planners and students alike. ... Read more

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Report by a Working Party of the Watt Committee, comprising professionals from the energy industries, agriculture, forestry and building research and aimed at government and decision makers in industry. ... Read more

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This report assesses the potential of U.S. cropland to sequester carbon, concluding that properly applied soil restorative processes and best management practices can help mitigate the greenhouse effect by decreasing the emissions of greenhouse gases from U.S. agricultural activities and by making U.S. cropland a major sink for carbon sequestration.Topics include:·Describe the greenhouse processes and global tends in emissions as well as the three principal components of anthropogenic global warming potential·Present data on U.S. emissions and agriculture's related role·Examines the soil organic carbon (SOC) pool in soils of the U.S. and its loss due to cultivation·Provides a reference for the magnitude of carbon sequestration potential·Analyzes the primary processes governing greenhouse gas emission from the pedosphere·Establishes a link between SOC content and soil quality·Outlines strategies for mitigating emissions from U.S. cropland·Discusses soil erosion management·Assesses the potential of using cropland to create biomass for direct fuel to produce power·Details the potential for sequestering carbon by intensifying prime agricultural landThe Potential of U.S. Cropland to Sequester Carbon and Mitigate the Greenhouse Effect provides an exceptional framework for the adoption of science-based management methods on U.S. cropland, encouraging appropriate agricultural practices for the sustainable use of our natural resources and the improvement of our nation's environment. ... Read more

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While governments gather to negotiate a legally binding protocol to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), industries start congregating to think collectively about what voluntary actions they need to take in order to fulfill their respective roles in assisting governments to achieve agreed GHG reductions. Reducing GHG emissions will need the partnership of governments and stakeholders and the integration of innovative and cost-effective policies and strategies. Voluntary programmes are also part of this mixture of measures to be taken. They have proven to reduce costs and to enhance productivity, while simultaneously reducing GHG emissions and assisting in meeting other environmental, economic and social goals. Examples of such programmes are presented in this report. It contains 10 case studies on voluntary programmes and 10 case studies on opportunities for industries, coming from both developed and developing countries. The report aims to help governments and industries to identify opportunities for voluntary programmes and to design, structure and monitor such voluntary initiatives. ... Read more

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The proceedings of this workshop provide a valuable review of the methodologies of climate observations during the past 150 years, together with a summary of their findings, and a description of the difficulties inherent in their interpretation. In addition the volume reviews the use of climate model simulations of greenhouse-gas-induced equilibrium and nonequilibrium change. Finally, the contributed papers consider the methodologies of climate change detection by comparison of model simulations and climate observations, a summary of findings, and a description of what should be done to detect GHG-induced climate change. The volume will be of particular interest to researchers and students in the fields of meteorology, atmospheric science, oceanography, global change and climate impact assessement. Scientists in related fields will find much of value also. ... Read more

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International concern for the continued growth of greenhousegas emissions, and the potentially damaging consequences of resultantglobal climate change, led to the signing of the United NationsFramework Convention on Climate Change by 155 nations at the EarthSummit in June 1992. The Convention came into force on 21 March 1994,three months after receiving its 50th ratification. All Parties to theConvention are required to compile, periodically update, and publishnational inventories of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions andsinks using comparable methodologies. In support of this process, theUS Country Studies Program (US CSP) is providing financial andtechnical assistance to 56 developing and transition countries forconducting national inventories. This book presents the results of preliminary national inventoriesprepared by countries participating in the US CSP that are ready toshare their interim findings. In some cases, inventories were preparedwith support from other organizations. Preliminary inventories oftwenty countries in Africa, Asia, Central and Eastern Europe and theNewly Independent States, and Latin America are presented, as well asregional and global syntheses of the national results. The regionaland global syntheses also discuss results of eleven other preliminarynational inventories that have been published elsewhere with theassistance of other programs. Results are discussed in the context ofnational and regional socioeconomic characteristics, and the regionaland global syntheses compare national inventory estimates to otherpublished estimates that are based largely on international databases.Papers also discuss inventory development issues, such as datacollection and emission factor determination, and problems associatedwith applying the IPCC inventory methodologies. The preliminary inventory results reported here represent significantprogress towards meeting country commitments under the FrameworkConvention, and provide useful information for refining internationalgreenhouse gas emission databases and improving inventorymethodologies. As the first book to compile national greenhouse gasemission estimates prepared by national experts in developingcountries and countries with economies in transition, this will be aninvaluable resource to scientists, policymakers, and developmentspecialists in national, regional and global anthropogenic sources andsinks of greenhouse gases. ... Read more

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This up-to-date and comprehensive electronic book on CD-ROM provides vital information about global warming and climate change. Is it a serious threat to humanity, or does the concern over greenhouse gases represent a false alarm? Will ongoing warming cause the sea level to rise, glaciers to melt, coastlines to be destroyed, and ecosystems to be damaged? This collection of important documents, reports, and publications about every facet of the vital issue of global warming and climate change will give you a complete understanding of the issue – and knowledge is power!Topics covered in detail include: greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide), emissions and impacts, the global carbon cycle, land-use and land-cover changes, ecosystems, observation and monitoring, American and international research and cooperation, human contributions and responses, sea level rises, beach erosion, wetlands, global water cycle, climate variability, solar influence, future climate trends and computer models, uncertainties, possible effect on extreme weather and hurricanes, science programs, and ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.There is material for everyone with an interest in this crucial matter: concerned citizens, educators and students, scientific researchers, small business and , industry people, public officials, coastal residents, health professionals, weather experts, and outdoor enthusiasts. There is no better source of up-to-date material on global warming and climate change.According to the National Academy of Sciences, the Earth's surface temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit in the past century, with accelerated warming during the past two decades. There is new and stronger evidence that most of the warming over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities. Human activities have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere through the buildup of greenhouse gases – primarily carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The heat-trapping property of these gases is undisputed although uncertainties exist about exactly how earth’s climate responds to them. Energy from the sun drives the earth’s weather and climate, and heats the earth’s surface; in turn, the earth radiates energy back into space. Atmospheric greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the outgoing energy, retaining heat somewhat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural “greenhouse effect,” temperatures! would be much lower than they are now, and life as known today would not be possible. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth’s average temperature is a more hospitable 60°F. However, problems may arise when the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased nearly 30%, methane concentrations have more than doubled, and nitrous oxide concentrations have risen by about 15%. These increases have enhanced the heat-trapping capability of the earth’s atmosphere. Sulfate aerosols, a common air pollutant, cool the atmosphere by reflecting light back into space; however, sulfates are short-lived in the atmosphere and vary regionally. Scientists generally believe that the combustion of fossil fuels and other human activities are the primary reason for the increased concentration of carbon dioxide. Plant respiration and the decomposition of organic matter release more than 10 times the CO2 released by human activities; but these releases have generally been in balance during the centuries leading up to the industrial revolution with carbon dioxide absorbed by terrestrial vegetation and the oceans. What has changed in the last few hundred years is the additional release of carbon dioxide by human activities.In all, this CD-ROM has over 24,000 pages reproduced using Adobe Acrobat PDF software - allowing direct viewing on Windows and Apple Ma ... Read more

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This comprehensive electronic book on CD-ROM provides an up-to-date review of all aspects of carbon sequestration, carbon capture and storage technologies from the Federal Government! To retain fossil fuels as a viable world energy source, carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies must play a central role. By cost-effectively capturing CO2 before it is emitted to the atmosphere and then permanently storing or sequestering it, fossil fuels can be used in a carbon constrained world and without constraining economic growth. Absent binding constraints, CO2 emissions in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries which include the United States, most of Europe, Australia, Korea, New Zealand and Japan are expected to increase at about 1.1 percent per year through 2030. CO2 emissions in non-OECD countries outside Europe and Eurasia including fossil fuel-rich China and India are expected to grow at 3.0 percent per year, in line with strong economic growth. As a point of reference, the U.S. emitted about 6 billion metric tons of CO2 in 2005, accounting for about 22 percent of total world CO2 emissions. On a global scale, CCS technologies have the potential to reduce overall climate change mitigation costs and increase flexibility in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. According to the 2005 report, Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage, by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the application of CCS technologies in GHG mitigation portfolios could reduce the costs of stabilizing CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere by 30 percent or more compared to scenarios where CCS technologies are not deployed. Furthermore, a particularly beneficial aspect of certain CCS technologies is that their component parts carbon capture, transportation, and storage can utilize technologies adapted from other commercial industries, enhancing the availability and cost competitiveness of CCS technologies as viable mitigation options. The Global Energy Technology Strategy Program (GTSP) a public and private sector research collaboration comprised of scientists from Battelle, the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), and the Joint Global Change Research Institute (a partnership between PNNL and the University of Maryland) has identified nearterm, medium-term, and long-term benefits associated with CCS. In the near term, CCS technologies will allow many industries including electricity generation, refining, chemical production, and steel and cement manufacturing to chart a viable path forward into a carbon-constrained world. In the medium term, CCS technologies will facilitate a smoother transition of the global economy to a low GHG emissions future. CCS will make valuable commodities like electricity and hydrogen cheaper than they would be if such technologies were not available. DOE is taking a leadership role in the development of CCS technologies. The Carbon Sequestration Program (Program) is managed within the Office of Fossil Energy (FE) and implemented by the National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL).There is a complete reproduction of the Department of Energy National Energy Technology Laboratory publication: Carbon Sequestration Technology Roadmap and Program Plan, Ensuring the Future of Fossil Energy Systems through the Successful Deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage Technologies. Contents include 10-year Milestone for the DOE Carbon Sequestration Program * Program Overview * Program Highlights and Accomplishments * Program Structure * Program Role * Program Funding * Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum * Global Climate Change * Cost-effective Capture * Geographical Diversity * Permanence * Monitoring, Mitigation, and Verification * Integration and Long-term Performance * Permitting and Liability * Public Acceptance * Inf ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR), published by Thomson Gale on April 18, 2007. The length of the article is 803 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: UO, city step up to climate challenge.(Environment)(The university joins an effort by colleges to rein in emissions of greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming)
Author: Gale Reference Team
Publication: The Register-Guard (Eugene, OR) (Newspaper)
Date: April 18, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Page: F1

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