Product Description
For two decades, scientists have been warning that chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons (bromine-containing fluorocarbons) may deplete the stratospheric ozone shield that screens out some of the Sun's harmful ultraviolet rays and thus regulates the amounts which reach the Earth's surface. CFCs have been used as refrigerants, solvents, foam blowing agents, and outside the United States, as aerosol propellants; Halons are used primarily as fire-fighting agents. Increased radiation could result in an increase in skin cancers, suppression of the human immune system, and decreased productivity of terrestrial and aquatic organisms, including some commercially important crops. This book deals with implementation, policy issues and phase out of methyl bromide. In September 1987, 47 countries (including the United States) agreed to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, which first required controls on the world's consumption of ozone depleting substances.Over 160 countries have signed on to the Protocol, whose phasedown schedule for developed countries was accelerated twice and completely phased out Halon production at the end of 1994 and CFC production at the end of 1995. The Protocol's coverage has also been extended to include hydrochlorofluorocarbons and other chlorine- and bromine-containing substances such as some solvents and methyl bromide, a widely used soil fumigant. ... Read more

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Discusses the scientific studies of the ozone layer in the Earth's atmosphere, and the causes and effects of depletions of this layer. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (7)

The Ozone Hoax
This very well written book completely shreds the ozone depletion hoax to pieces.The references used to make their case are extensive.The main problem with the ozone hoaxsters, is not what they tell us.It's what they are NOT telling us.For example, they will show you a graph that indicates that the ozone is thinning.But the graph will only cover a small time period.What they don't tell you, is that if you go back a few more years, say, to 1959, the graph will show that the ozone is thickening.This is where Al Gore learned his propaganda techniques.You will learn chapter by chapter, what the ozone hoaxsters DO NOT want you to know.And guess what?Mother Nature turns out to be the biggest chlorine emitter!I love this book.

The Real Facts
Shows how the Business world figured out the profit motive for "Green" largly Smoke & Mirrors. Shows how Easy the Gorites are fooled. Great Read

Yeah, and Elvis is still alive!
This blend of fantasy and fiction presents a carefully woven story created from selected "facts" interconnected with paranoia and hypothesis at a level only a lawyer could appreciate. This is a good read if you think Elvis is still alive or that extraterrestrials live among us. It is unforntunate that I have to award this thing even one star

CFCs:Not Guilty of Destroying Ozone
These authors have done an excellent job of compiling well hidden facts, that if were published in media before 1990 would have nipped the environmental hoax of ozone depletion in the bud.There are literally dozens of natural sources for chlorine, such as vaporizing sea water and bacterial action that create atmospheric ozone.In addition, volcanoes belch thousands of tons of ostensibly ozone depleting chlorine atoms in to the atmosphere every year.One of these, Mt Erebus, is in the Antarctic.Exactly where they took chlorine measurements in the 80s and early 90s. In addition to this freon molecules are 50 times heavier than air.The Enviro-Socialists would have us believe that these heavy freon molecules somehow floated high into the troposphere and began munching on tasty ozone molecules.Problem is:No lab has ever been able to duplicate this remarkable ozone eating processed hypothesized by pseudo-scientists Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina.These two yahoos even made history by being the only two recipients of the Nobel prize ever to be protested by the scientific community. Gee, I wonder why?
The Montreal Protocol outlawing freon ensured monopoly of refrigerant production by the major chemical companies of the world, British Chemical Co. of England and DuPont (under the Jewish Bronfmans) in America.It's very easy to see that the only thing green about the environmental movement is M-O-N-E-Y.And lots of it.

Good Skeptical Science
A very good overview of the scientific arguments agains the ozone depletion scare. Unfortunately the last few chapters are a conspiracy theory that is overstated.

David (dwojick@shentel.net) ... Read more

Product Description
An introduction to ultraviolet radiation and its increased threat due to the shrinking ozone layer examines current controversies that alternately claim that the earth is facing a crisis and the media is overplaying the danger. ... Read more

Product Description
This book offers a principal collection of all of the material necessary to understand the legal debates on climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution within their scientific and policy contexts. The mountain of information coming out of the respective regimes on climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution is monumental. This work attempts to assemble all of the important documents and resolutions generated by the various regimes, analyze them and provide enough background information to understand the issue and its context.

The book provides guidance to those actively involved or interested in the negotiations to come to better regimes for climate change, ozone depletion and air pollution. ... Read more

Product Description
The ozone gas layer in the upper atmosphere is essential for life on earth because it prevents harmful ultraviolet rays from reaching the ground. On Earth, however, ozone can be harmful to living things. The debate over ozone's dual nature is explored as scientists, policy makers, and the public confront ozone smog on earth and the ozone hole in the upper atmosphere. ... Read more

Product Description
How can scientific knowledge be translated into political change?examines the first global environment treaty, the Montreal Protocol and its subsequent revisions, which was a highly effective collaboration among scientists, policymakers and activists.The treaties were the work of a small group of experts who, without conventional political or economic resources, were able to persuade most of the world's nations to agree to reduce and then eliminate chlorofluorocarbons. These experts used their understanding of atmospheric science to supplement the policymakers' short-term perspective with a wider, intergenerational timeframe characteristic of global environmental problems.Litfin argues that the discipline of international relations requires a broader conception of power in order to accomodate the knowledge-based problems such as environmental degradation. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Science and Politics
Ms. Litfun does an outstanding work in pointing to nexus of science and international politics in her book Ozone Discourses. While this book is not for the casual reader, it is an interesting and enlightening book for any person interested in domestic and international environmental policy development and, more specifically, the Montreal Protocol on Ozone Depletion. This author provides an exceedingly well-informed review of science in world politics and the power of science in agenda-setting policy formation and implementation as it relates to the ozone. While the work does focus on the ozone depletion science and how the knowledge brokers (scientists) influence policy decisions on ozone, any personseeking to become better grounded in global climate change politics and policy, must add it to the library. Interesting 200-page read. ... Read more

Product Description
Scientific evidence linking chlorofluorocarbons and other ozone-depleting substances to global ozone depletion led to the initial control of chemicals under the 1987 Montreal Protocol. Since then it has been realized that some actions taken to reduce future depletion of the ozone layer could also influence global warming. When the Kyoto Protocol was negotiated in 1997, countries had new incentives to take account of how choices among substitutes could affect the objectives of both Protocols. This report provides the scientific context required for consideration of these choices; potential methodologies for assessing options; and technical issues relating to greenhouse gas emission reduction opportunities for each of the sectors involved, including refrigeration, air conditioning, foams, aerosols, fire protection and solvents. This IPCC/TEAP Special Report provides invaluable information for researchers in environmental science, climatology, and atmospheric chemistry, policy-makers in governments and environmental organizations, and scientists and engineers in industry. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Good Information on Non-CO2 Greenhouse Gases
"Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System - Issues Related to Hydrofluorocarbons and Perfluorocarbons" is an excellent resource for climate change professionals on ozone-depleting substances (ODS) and their impact on global warming.Although the 1987 Montreal Protocol banned the production of ODS (over a long timeline), it assumed that any existing ODS would simply be emitted into the atmosphere.It turns out that most of the ODS also have a very high global warming potential (GWP), and there are many benefits to climate change mitigation if these high-GWP greenhouse gases can be prevented from entering the atmosphere.

Chapters include refrigeration, residential and commercial air conditioning and heating, mobile air conditioning (A/C in vehicles), insulation foam, medical aerosols, fire protection, solvents, and more.

A very technical reference book written in the IPCC style.Not to be confused with popular reading on global warming.This book has become very handy in the climate change mitigation work I do for the government. ... Read more

Product Description
A guide to technologies, equipment and products that reduce or eliminate ODS in aerosol, sterilants, miscellaneous uses and carbon tetrachloride applications. This is part of a 6-volume sourcebook series designed to help Article 5 countries identify and select appropriate technical options. ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Tea & Coffee Trade Journal, published by Lockwood Trade Journal Co., Inc. on March 1, 1993. The length of the article is 1112 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Incomplete data on ozone layer harming crops. (Coffee Break with Dr. Samuel Lee) (Column)
Author: Samuel Lee
Publication: Tea & Coffee Trade Journal (Magazine/Journal)
Date: March 1, 1993
Publisher: Lockwood Trade Journal Co., Inc.
Volume: v165Issue: n3Page: p7(2)

Article Type: Column

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Product Description
This digital document is an article from The Futurist, published by World Future Society on January 1, 1989. The length of the article is 450 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Economics of preserving the ozone layer.
Publication: The Futurist (Magazine/Journal)
Date: January 1, 1989
Publisher: World Future Society
Volume: v23Issue: n1Page: p40(2)

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Product Description
The deadline for the controlling of Ozone Depleting Substances (ODS), as agreed by the Montreal Protocol, is approaching. It is important that the hotel and tourism industry understand the implications of the Protocol deadlines and take action to manage a smooth transition away from ODS and avoid situations that may adversely affect their operations. This guide aims to help the hotel and tourism industry understand the damage being done to the stratospheric ozone layer by ODS, and outlines the steps to be taken by hotel managers to establish their own ODS management programme to manage the transition away from these chemicals. Hotels and the tourism industry in general use CFCs, halons and other ODS in various applications, such as air conditioning, refrigeration, aerosol sprays, cleaning products, fire protection equipment and so on. Details are given on how businesses have successfully adopted alternatives and chemicals to replace ODS. The information provided is also applicable to shopping centres, visitor centres, office buildings and sports arenas. ... Read more

Product Description
This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

Product Description
This digital document is an article from Social Education, published by National Council for the Social Studies on March 1, 2001. The length of the article is 4448 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Global Warming and Ozone Layer Depletion: STS Issues for Social Studies Classrooms.
Author: James A. Rye
Publication: Social Education (Refereed)
Date: March 1, 2001
Publisher: National Council for the Social Studies
Volume: 65Issue: 2Page: 90

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Product Description
The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since the 2002 Assessment of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, a large number of technical developments have taken place. The Panel's six Technical Options Committees have each issued a 2006 Assessment Report that document these developments. The present publication contains the report on chemicals. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from World of Earth Science, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 539 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.A comprehensive guide to the concepts, theories, discoveries, pioneers, and issues relating to topics in earth science. Its encyclopedic approach offers entries that are written in easy to understand language. ... Read more

Product Description
The UNEP, in co-operation with other international organizations, is acting as an information exchange centre on ozone depletion, and is providing practical advice on all aspects of non-CFC refrigeration and air conditioning systems through its OzonAction Programme. ... Read more