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The UNEP, in co-operation with other international organizations, is acting as an information exchange centre on ozone depletion, and is providing practical advice on all aspects of non-CFC refrigeration and air conditioning systems through its OzonAction Programme. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from UN Chronicle, published by United Nations Publications on September 1, 1989. The length of the article is 954 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Total ban asked on ozone-killing chemicals; international action on environment accelerates. (Helsinki Declaration on the Protection of the Ozone Layer)
Publication: UN Chronicle (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 1, 1989
Publisher: United Nations Publications
Volume: v26Issue: n3Page: p56(2)

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This digital document is an article from World of Earth Science, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 893 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.A comprehensive guide to the concepts, theories, discoveries, pioneers, and issues relating to topics in earth science. Its encyclopedic approach offers entries that are written in easy to understand language. ... Read more

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This volume is produced from digital images created through the University of Michigan University Library's large-scale digitization efforts. The Library seeks to preserve the intellectual content of items in a manner that facilitates and promotes a variety of uses. The digital reformatting process results in an electronic version of the original text that can be both accessed online and used to create new print copies. The Library also understands and values the usefulness of print and makes reprints available to the public whenever possible. This book and hundreds of thousands of others can be found in the HathiTrust, an archive of the digitized collections of many great research libraries. For access to the University of Michigan Library's digital collections, please see http://www.lib.umich.edu and for information about the HathiTrust, please visit http://www.hathitrust.org ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Atmospheric Environment, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
Ozone (O"3) concentrations in East Asia were simulated using the Community Multi-scale Air Quality model and their reproducibility was confirmed by comparing with observation data at Japanese monitoring sites. The model can reproduce the seasonal variation of surface O"3 over Japan. In particular, for the southern parts of Japan, simulated surface O"3 concentrations are strongly correlated with observations. Surface O"3 distribution over East Asia varies dynamically from season to season according to the meteorological condition. In May and June, 2-month average O"3 concentrations in the boundary layer are highest, 55-70ppbv over East China and Japan at 35-40^oN. We estimated the seasonal variation of the contribution of chemically produced O"3 by east Asian regional emissions. In the summertime, the contribution of the regional Asian emissions to O"3 concentrations is around 40-70% over most of China, and the highest is 60-70% (<35ppbv) at the mouth area of Yantze River. This suggests that O"3 concentrations over East Asia are strongly influenced by the chemical production by regional emissions during summer season. However, the inflow from outside of this model domain also contributes substantial O"3 concentration over East Asia and its contribution is predominant in winter and early spring. The seasonal change of O"3 concentrations over Japan is characterized by two peaks in spring and autumn and summer minimum. The spring peak event in 2002 consists of split peaks: the first peak in Mar-Apr is mainly influenced by the inflow from outside of this model domain, the second spring peak between May and June is mainly influenced by chemically produced O"3 by regional emissions. During the summer season, O"3 concentrations are the lowest over year because of the weak Asian outflow and northward penetration of the marine air mass. ... Read more

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The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since the 2002 Assessment of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, a large number of technical developments have taken place. The present publication reports on and responds to various requests of the Parties. ... Read more

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The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was designed so that the phase out schedules could be revised on the basis of periodic scientific and technological assessments. Since the 2002 Assessment of the Technology and Economic Assessment Panel, a large number of technical developments have taken place. The Panel's six Technical Options Committees have each issued a 2006 Assessment Report that document these developments. The present publication contains the report on medical uses. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Finance & Development, published by International Monetary Fund on June 1, 1992. The length of the article is 1697 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the supplier: The stratospheric ozone layer acts to shield the earth and everything on it from the harmful solar ultraviolet radiation UV-B. There is mounting scientific evidence showing that the ozone layer is being severely depleted by the excessive emission of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons. This could result in numerous health problems for people, such as skin problem, cataracts and immune system impairement. A depleted ozone layer could also lead to more crop damage and to the destruction of vital food chains on land and sea. The severity of the ozone problem is now recognized worldwide. One of the most notable international efforts being made to protect the ozone layer was the creation of the Montreal Protocol (MP). The MP aims to reduce the consumption of ozone-depleting substances. It is suggested that financial incentives may expedite the implementation of the MP in developing countries.

Citation Details
Title: Protecting the ozone layer. (The Global Environment)
Author: Mohan Munasinghe
Publication: Finance & Development (Magazine/Journal)
Date: June 1, 1992
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Volume: v29Issue: n2Page: p24(2)

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Warm wet summers in Britain, drought in North America, the advance of the Sahara Desert - many strange climatic events around the world are now known to be the result of exhaust cases expelled into the earth's atmosphere. The alarming "hole" in the ozone layer over Antarctica has been caused by the release of gases used in aerosols and refrigerators. Has humanity pushed nature too far? In this researched and up-to-date investigation of the linked problems of the Greenhouse Effect and the ozone layer, Philip Neal gives readers a clear, practical, grasp of these much-discussed but often misunderstood issues. ... Read more

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What is ozone and why is it essential to us in the ozone layer, but lethally dangerous when encountered at ground level? Philip Neal explains how we can protect ourselves from the effects of ozone depletion and suggests ways in which we can halt the destruction of the earth's atmosphere. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from World Watch, published by Worldwatch Institute on September 1, 1997. The length of the article is 530 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

From the supplier: The Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer has some valuable lessons for humanity. The Montreal Protocol showed that North-South environmental partnerships can work. It showed the importance of the precautionary principle, stressing the need to take action even before complete proof of the links between substances, activities, climate change, species loss and other environmental problems are available. It also showed the role of industry and business in environmental protection.

Citation Details
Title: The lessons of Montreal. (Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer)
Author: Hilary F. French
Publication: World Watch (Magazine/Journal)
Date: September 1, 1997
Publisher: Worldwatch Institute
Volume: v10Issue: n5Page: p2(1)

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