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Archaeomagnetic dating—dating archaeological and geological materials by comparing their magnetic data with known changes in the earth's magnetic field—has proved to be of increasing reliability in establishing behavioral and social referents of archaeological data.Now this volume presents the first book-length treatment of its theory and methodology in North American archaeology. The sixteen original papers in many cases represent the work of individuals who have been intimately involved with the development and refinement of archaeomagnetic dating techniques.They discuss the geophysical underpinnings of archaeomagnetism; general methodological problems associated with present archaeomagnetic studies, such as sample collection, data measurement and analysis, and experimental control; and advances in experimental archaeology.Case histories consider both successful and unsuccessful applications of the technique in New World fieldwork.Raw data is provided in an appendix. While the volume deals specifically with problems of archaeomagnetic direction dating in the Americas, it should prove useful in constructing exact chronologies in other archaeological sites as well and in the geologic record at large.As the only single volume devoted to the subject, it will serve as the standard reference in the field. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Archaeological Science, published by Elsevier in 2007. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Radiocarbon and U-series methods (^2^3^0Th/U and ^2^3^1Pa/^2^3^5U) for absolute age determination have been applied to some fossil samples from Grotta Juntu, in North Eastern Sardinia (Italy). The remains belong to the endemic deer species Praemegaceros cazioti, which is here represented by an almost complete skeleton. The three dating methods lead to concordant ages of about 7500years BP, indicating that the skeleton was maintained as closed system after burial. Taking into consideration these results, Praemegaceros cazioti from Grotta Juntu is now the youngest representative of this species in Sardinia. ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Science News, published by Thomson Gale on December 1, 2007. The length of the article is 2097 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Rolling back the years: radiocarbon dating gets a remake.(Neandertals )
Author: Carolyn Barry
Publication: Science News (Magazine/Journal)
Date: December 1, 2007
Publisher: Thomson Gale
Volume: 172Issue: 22Page: 344(2)

Distributed by Thomson Gale ... Read more

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Chapters: Marie Curie, Nuclear Fission, Radionuclide, Half-Life, Fallout Shelter, Henri Becquerel, Radiocarbon Dating, Pierre Curie, Nuclear Fallout, Beta Decay, Beta Particle, Particle Radiation, Alpha Decay, Radiation Therapy, Radiological Weapon, Mutagen, Electron Capture, Island of Stability, Background Radiation, Radiation Poisoning, Sievert, Trace Radioisotope, Radiogenic, Nuclear and Radiation Accidents, List of Military Nuclear Accidents, Ionizing Radiation, Radioactive Decay, Decay Chain, List of Civilian Radiation Accidents, Environmental Radioactivity, List of Isotopes, List of Crimes Involving Radioactive Substances, Radiation Burn, Gamma Ray, Uranium in the Environment, Critical Mass, Criticality Accident, Dyatlov Pass Incident, Alpha Particle, Gamma Spectroscopy, Nuclear Transmutation, Radiochemistry, Radioactive Scrap Metal, Civil Defense Geiger Counters, Radioanalytical Chemistry, Radium and Radon in the Environment, Cargo Scanning, Double Beta Decay, Actinides in the Environment, Internal Conversion, Non-Ionizing Radiation, Cloud Chamber, Formation Evaluation Gamma Ray, Radiographic Equipment, United States Radium Corporation, Change of Decay Rate, Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material, Radioactivity in Biological Research, Magic Number, Spontaneous Fission, Cluster Decay, Decay Correct, Formation Evaluation Neutron Porosity, Gray, Commonly-Used Gamma Emitting Isotopes, Double Electron Capture, European Committee on Radiation Risk, Orphan Source, Synthetic Radioisotope, Positron Emission, 5 Yen Coin, Decay Scheme, Technetium-99m Generator, Rainout, Table of Radioactive Decay, Common Beta Emitters, Radiosensitivity, Kerma, Proton Emission, Induced Radioactivity, Delta Ray, Secular Equilibrium, Spinthariscope, Four Factor Formula, Irradiated Mail, Electron Irradiation, Ekanite, Neutron Emission, Delayed Nuclear Radiation, Radium Dial Company, Radiological Warfare, Annihilation Radiation, Lists of Nuclear D...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=2468942 ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, published by Elsevier in . The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Sambaqui means, in the Tupi language, a hill of shells. The sambaquis are archaeological sites with remains of pre-historical Brazilian occupation. Since the sambaqui sites in the Rio de Janeiro state region are older than 10,000 years, the applicability of CO"2 absorption on Carbo-sorb^(R) and ^1^4C determination by counting on a low background liquid scintillation counter was tested. In the present work, sambaqui shells were treated with H"3PO"4 in a closed vessel in order to generate CO"2. The produced CO"2 was absorbed on Carbo-sorb^(R). On saturation about 0.6g of carbon, as CO"2, was mixed with commercial liquid scintillation cocktail (Permafluor^(R)), and the ^1^4C activity determined by counting on a low background counter, Packard Tricarb 3170 TR/SL, for a period of 1000mins to enable detection of a radiocarbon age of 22,400 BP. But only samples with ages up to 3500 BP were submitted to the method because the samples had been collected in the municipality of Guapimirim, in archaeological sambaqui-type sites belonging to this age range. The same samples were sent to the ^1^4C Laboratory of the Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura (CENA/USP) where similar results were obtained.were obtained. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Quaternary Science Reviews, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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In 1995, an unexpected reservoir effect was reported in sequences of bulk ^1^4C dates of raised bog peat. In most peat studies bulk ^1^4C dates are used for obtaining chronologies. Therefore it is important to confirm and quantify such a ^1^4C reservoir effect. Five bulk peat samples from the raised bog Engbertsdijksveen were conventionally ^1^4C dated. The same core had previously been precisely dated by ^1^4C AMS dates of carefully selected above-ground plant remains. The existence of a reservoir effect in bulk peat ^1^4C samples could not be confirmed. Other explanations for the reported reservoir effect are discussed. ... Read more

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Archaeological Science, published by Elsevier in 2004. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

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Users in the Quaternary and Archaeological Sciences have expressed a general desire for significant improvements in the accuracy and precision of radiocarbon dating results in general but also allied to the measurement of small samples. The accuracy and precision of measurement has also been the focus of some attention within the ^1^4C community. As a result, the ^1^4C community has undertaken a wide-scale, far-reaching and evolving programme of inter-comparisons, to the benefit of laboratories and users alike, the most recent being completed in 2001. The information arising from the studies is important for the appropriate interpretation of the scientific evidence provided by ^1^4C analyses in calibration and construction of chronologies where assemblages of dates are frequently assessed. In this paper, some preliminary findings from the Fourth International Radiocarbon Inter-comparison, completed in 2001, will be reviewed and some conclusions drawn with regard to accuracy and precision of ^1^4C dates. ... Read more

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RADIO CARBON DATING, [SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN] ... Read more

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Chapters: Radiocarbon Dating, Rubidium-Strontium Dating, Radiocarbon 14 Dating of the Shroud of Turin, Environmental Radioactivity, K-ar Dating, Radioanalytical Chemistry, Isotopic Signature, Fission Track Dating, Oldest Dated Rocks, Samarium-Neodymium Dating, Before Present, Uranium-Lead Dating, Lead-Lead Dating, Isochron Dating, Argon-argon Dating, Optical Dating, Carbon Dating the Dead Sea Scrolls, Uranium-Uranium Dating, Closure Temperature, Rhenium-Osmium Dating, Uranium-Thorium Dating, Paul Renne, Helium Dating. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 141. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Radiocarbon dating, or carbon dating, is a radiometric dating method that uses the naturally occurring radioisotope carbon-14 (C) to determine the age of carbonaceous materials up to about 58,000 to 62,000 years. Raw, i.e. uncalibrated, radiocarbon ages are usually reported in radiocarbon years "Before Present" (BP), "Present" being defined as AD 1950. Such raw ages can be calibrated to give calendar dates. One of the most frequent uses of radiocarbon dating is to estimate the age of organic remains from archaeological sites. When plants fix atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) into organic material during photosynthesis they incorporate a quantity of C that approximately matches the level of this isotope in the atmosphere (a small difference occurs because of isotope fractionation, but this is corrected after laboratory analysis). After plants die or they are consumed by other organisms (for example, by humans or other animals) the C fraction of this organic material declines at a fixed exponential rate due to the radioactive decay of C. Comparing the remaining C fraction of a sample to that expected from atmospheric C allows the age of the sample to be estimated. The technique of radiocarbon dating wa...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=26197 ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Dictionary of American History, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 311 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.Focuses on cultures and countries around the world, specifically what is and is not shared culturally by the people who live in a particular country. Entries contain descriptive summaries of the country in question, including demographic, historical, cultural, economic, religious, and political information. ... Read more