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De Fermat Pierre: more detail

The Mathematical Career of Pierre de Fermat, 1601-1665 by Michael Sean Mahoney, 1994-10-17

La Geometria del Azar/ The Geometry of the Chance: La Correspondencia Entre Pierre De Fermat Y Blaise Pascal by Pierre De Fermat, Blaise Pascal, 2007-07-30

The mathematical career of Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) by Michael S Mahoney, 1973

The Mathematical Career of Pierre de Fermat, 1601-1665, 2nd ed.: An article from: Renaissance Quarterly by George Ouwendijk, 1997-03-22

OEuvres de Fermat, publiÃ©es par les soins de MM. Paul Tannery et Charles Henry sous les auspices du MinistÃ¨re de l'instruction publique.Vol. 5 by Pierre de Fermat, 1800-01-01

FermatÂs Last Theorem. The Story of a Riddle that Confounded the WorldÂs Greatest Minds for 358 Years. by Pierre de, 1601-1665] SINGH, Simon. [FERMAT, 1997

Oeuvres de Pierre Fermat (Collection Sciences dans l'histoire) by Pierre de Fermat, 1999

Die Lichtbrechung in den Theorien von Descartes und Fermat (Sudhoffs Archiv) by Klaus Weinrich, 1998

Letters on Probability by Alfred Renyi, 1972-09

Znuz is znees: Memoirs of a magician : Pierre Fermat vindicated by Cecil Frederick Russell, 1982

Fermat's last theorem: A disclosure of techniques in mathematics and computer science by George Robert Talbott, 1991

Per Ferma i Andrei Sakharov: Sbornik (Sviaz vremen) by V. V Kocherbitov, 1992

Precis des euvres mathematiques by E Brassinne, 1989

lists with details

Fermat, Pierre De (1601-1665) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biogr
French lawyer who doodled equations in the margins of his law books helped invent probability and analytic geometry. Read a biography.
http://www.treasure-troves.com/bios/Fermat.html

Extractions: French lawyer who pursued mathematics in his spare time. Although he pursued mathematics as an amateur, his work in number theory was of such exceptional quality and erudition that he is generally regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all times. He had the habit of scribbling notes in the margins of books or in letters to friends rather than publishing them. He discovered analytic geometry independently of Descartes , but did not publish his work. He founded the theory of probability with Pascal and discovered the least time principle which states that light will travel through an optical system in such a way as to pass from starting to ending point in the least amount of time (a concept from calculus of variations ). Fermat solved many fundamental calculus problems, and made important contributions to number theory and optics. He was also fluent in French, Italian, Spanish, Latin, and Greek. He is most famous for scribbling a note in the margin of a book by Diophantus that he had discovered a proof that the equation x n y n z n has no integer solutions for n >2. He stated "I have discovered a truly marvelous proof of this, which however the margin is not large enough to contain." The proposition, which came to be known as
Fermat, Pierre De
fermat, pierre de. Note Wallis. Sources Jean Itard, pierre fermat,Kurze Mathematike Biographien, no. 10, Basel, 1950. QA29 .F35 I8.
http://es.rice.edu/ES/humsoc/Galileo/Catalog/FilesOLD/fermat.html

Extractions: Note: the creators of the Galileo Project and this catalogue cannot answer email on geneological questions. 1. Dates Born: Beaumont; baptised 20 Aug. 1601 Died: Castres (somewhere near Toulouse), 12 Jan. 1665 Dateinfo: Dates Certain Lifespan: 2. Father Occupation: Merchant His father had a prosperous leather business. He was also second consul (whatever that might have been) of Beaumont. Fermat's uncle and godfather was also a merchant. His mother brought the social status of the parliamentary noblesse de la robe to the family. This certainly says at least affluence. 3. Nationality Birth: French Career: French Death: French 4. Education Schooling: Orleans, LD He received a solid classical secondary education, beginning at the convent of the Cordeliers in Beaumont (run by the Franciscans). After studying with the Franciscans, he then studied with the Jesuits. He may have attended the University of Toulouse. He obtained the degree of Bachelor of Civil Laws from the University of Orleans in 1631. I accept this as the equivalent of a B.A., and in accordance with my practice I list also the degree in law. 5. Religion
Fermat, Pierre De (1601-1665) -- From Eric Weisstein's World Of Scientific Biogr
fermat, pierre de (16011665), New York Simon and Schuster, pp. 56-72, 1986. Mahoney,M. S. The Mathematical Career of pierre de fermat, 1601-1665, 2nd rev.
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Fermat.html

Extractions: French lawyer who pursued mathematics in his spare time. Although he pursued mathematics as an amateur, his work in number theory was of such exceptional quality and erudition that he is generally regarded as one of the greatest mathematicians of all times. He had the habit of scribbling notes in the margins of books or in letters to friends rather than publishing them. He discovered analytic geometry independently of Descartes , but did not publish his work. He founded the theory of probability with Pascal and discovered the least time principle which states that light will travel through an optical system in such a way as to pass from starting to ending point in the least amount of time (a concept from calculus of variations ). Fermat solved many fundamental calculus problems, and made important contributions to number theory and optics. He was also fluent in French, Italian, Spanish, Latin, and Greek. He is most famous for scribbling a note in the margin of a book by Diophantus that he had discovered a proof that the equation x n y n z n has no integer solutions for n >2. He stated "I have discovered a truly marvelous proof of this, which however the margin is not large enough to contain." The proposition, which came to be known as
The Prime Glossary: Fermat, Pierre De
This pages contains the entry titled 'fermat, pierre de.' Come explore a new primeterm today! fermat, pierre de (another Prime Pages' Glossary entries).
http://primes.utm.edu/glossary/page.php?sort=Fermat
WIEM: Fermat Pierre
fermat pierre de (16011665), matematyk i prawnik francuski (radca parlamentuw Tuluzie). Autor prac z dziedziny rachunku prawdopodobienstwa description (encyklopedia.pl)Category World Polska Leksykon Encyklopedia encyklopedia.pl F
http://wiem.onet.pl/wiem/001d27.html

Extractions: poka¿ powi±zane Fermat Pierre de (1601-1665), matematyk i prawnik francuski (radca parlamentu w Tuluzie). Autor prac z dziedziny rachunku prawdopodobieñstwa (prace podstawowe), teorii liczb (m.in. wielkie i ma³e twierdzenia Fermata ), analizy matematycznej (metody znajdywania ekstremum funkcji) i geometrii analitycznej (równania krzywych sto¿kowych). W dziedzinie optyki sformu³owa³ zasadê Fermata Powi±zania Analityczna geometria Matematyka Fermata twierdzenia Fermata zasada ... do góry Encyklopedia zosta³a opracowana na podstawie Popularnej Encyklopedii Powszechnej Wydawnictwa Fogra
Fermat Pierre
Translate this page fermat pierre pierre de fermat est né dans une famille de commerçants. Il a exercéla profession d'homme de loi et de conseiller au Parlement de Toulouse.
http://www.lycee-international.com/travaux/HISTMATH/fermat/

Extractions: Liste de Mathématiciens Al Khwarizmi Apollonius de Perge Archimède Argand Jean Bezout Etienne Bombelli Rafaele Boole George Cardano Girolamo Cauchy Augustin Chasles Michel De Moivre Abraham De Morgan Augustus Del Ferro Scipione Descartes René Eratosthene Euclide Fermat Pierre Ferrari Ludovico Fibonacci Leonardo Galois Evariste Gauss Carl Germain Sophie Huygens Christiaan Leibniz Gottfried Pascal Blaise Peano Guiseppe Pythagore Tartaglia Nicolo Viete François Zenon d Elée Fermat Pierre
Fermat, Pierre De. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001
fermat, pierre de. (py rd f rmä´) (KEY) , 160165, French mathematician. 1. SeeMS Mahoney, The Mathematical Career of pierre de fermat 16011665 (2d rev.
http://www.bartleby.com/65/fe/Fermat-P.html

Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Fermat, Pierre de
Fermat, Pierre De. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Language: Fo
fermat, pierre de. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English LanguageFourth Edition. 2000. 2000. fermat, pierre de. SYLLABICATION Fer·mat.
http://www.bartleby.com/61/17/F0081700.html

Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary ferity ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. Fermat, Pierre de
Fermat, Pierre De
fermat, pierre de (16011665) fermat was born to a prosperous family in France.He studied the classics and mastered Latin, Greek, Italian, and Spanish.
http://occawlonline.pearsoned.com/bookbind/pubbooks/thomas_awl/chapter1/medialib

Extractions: Fermat, Pierre de (16011665) Fermat was born to a prosperous family in France. He studied the classics and mastered Latin, Greek, Italian, and Spanish. O ne of the seventeenth centurys greatest mathematicians, Fermat hesitated to publish his work and rarely wrote complete descriptions even for his own use. Most of his work was reported in correspondence with fellow mathematicians, Gassendi, Huygens , and Mersenne. Fermat was one of the co-founders, along with Descartes, of analytic geometry. He benefited from reading Viète's works. Fermat's book Ad locos planos et solidos isagoge Introduction to Plane and Solid Loci ) contained a more direct and clearer system than Descartes La g om trie Fermat is probably most famous for his work in number theory. His famous unproved last theorem (that a n = b n + c n After many talented mathematicians over the period of hundreds of years failed to prove it, t his famous theorem was recently proved by Andrew Wiles of Princeton. Fermat's name slipped into relative obscurity until the late 1800s, and it was from an edition of his works published at the turn of the century that the true importance of his many achievements became clear. Besides his work in physics and number theory, Fermat realized the concept that the area under a curve could be viewed as the limit of sums of rectangle areas (as we do today) and also developed a method for finding the centroids of shapes bounded by curves in the plane.
Fermat, Pierre De
fermat, pierre de .
http://episte.math.ntu.edu.tw/people/p_fermat/

Extractions: ¶Oº¿¡]1601¦~8¤ë20¤é¡ã1665¦~1¤ë12¤é¡^¥X¥Í©ó¤@Ó¥Ö²°Óªº®a®x¡A¦ì¦bªk°êªº Toulouse ªþªñ¡C¥L¦b Toulouse ¤j¾ÇÅªªk«ß¡A²¦·~«áªº¥¿·~¬O«ß®v¡B®c®xÅU°Ý¡A¨Ã¥B¦b1631¦~¦¨¬° Toulouse ¦a°ÏªºÄ³û¡C ¦b¦£¸Lªº¥¿·~¤§¥~¡A¼Æ¾Ç¬O¥Lªº·~¾l¶Ý¦n¡C¥L§Q¥ÎªÅ¶¢ªº®É¶¡¬ã¨s¼Æ¾Ç¡A¨Ã¥B±N©Ò±oªºµ²ªG¡A±Hµ¹ªB¤Í¡A¤¬¬Û°Q½×¡A©Î«O¯dµÛ¨S¦³µoªí¡C¥Lªº½Z¥ó¡A¦b¥L¦º«á¥Ñ¨ä¨à¤l¦b1679¦~¥Xª©¡A³o´N¬O§ÚÌ©Òª¾¹Dªº¶Oº¿ªºµÛ§@¡mVaria Opera¡n¡C ¸ÑªR´X¦ó¡G ·L¿n¤À¡G
Porträt - Fermat
Translate this page Porträt pierre de fermat. Sein Werk, oder besser gesagt, seine Freizeitbeschäftigung,ist seine Mathematik, denn er widmete sich
http://www.zahlenjagd.at/fermat.html

Extractions: Porträt: Pierre de Fermat Sein Werk, oder besser gesagt, seine Freizeitbeschäftigung, ist seine Mathematik, denn er widmete sich ihr aus reiner Liebe zur Sache. Vieles ist sehr einfach, sodaß jeder normalbegabte Schuljunge die Grundgedanken würdigen kann und seine Schönheit versteht. Sein Werk, die Zahlentheorie wie es genannt wird, ist vielleicht heute noch das einzige Gebiet in der Mathematik, auf dem auch heute noch ein begabter Amateur hoffen kann, etwas Interessantes zu finden. Fermat war aber darüberhinaus ein vortrefflicher Linguist, der Latein und Griechisch beherrschte und französische und spanische Verse verfaßte. Fermats Stellung als königlicher Rat war eher eine Hilfe als ein Nachteil für seine geistige Tätigkeit. Fermat befaßte sich viel mit Maxima und Minima. Von seinem Prinzip leitete er die bekannten Reflexions- und Brechungsgesetze ab. Er war es auch, der die analytische Geometrie auf den drei-dimensionalen Raum anwandte. Fermat stellte viele Vermutungen auf und irrte sich auch manchmal (Mersenne'sche Zahlen, Lösung von Diophantischen Gleichungen). x n + y n = z n In eine Neuauflage der Arithmetica von Diophante, das diese Behauptung wiedergab, schrieb er 1637, daß er einen eleganten Beweis dafür gefunden hätte, doch der Rand sei zu schmal um ihn hier niederzuschreiben. Drei Jahrhunderte hielt diese Vermutung allen Versuchen eines Beweises stand. Bis vor wenigen Jahren Andrew Wiles den Beweis liefern konnte. Mehrere Jahre Arbeit und viele mathematische Methoden der Neuzeit waren dazu nötig."Plötzlich, völlig unerwartet, hatte ich diese unglaubliche Offenbarung. Es war so unbeschreiblich schön, es war so einfach und so elegant - So spricht Anrdew von dem Moment, als sich die letzte Lücke in seinem Beweis schloß - nach 357 Jahren vergeblichen Suchens !
Fermat, Pierre De
pierre de fermat. The office he now held entitled him to change his name from pierrefermat to pierre de fermat, as de is the mark of nobility in France.
http://www.math.rutgers.edu/courses/436/436-s00/Papers2000/pellegrino.html

Extractions: Pierre de Fermat Dana Pellegrino, History of Mathematics Research Paper, Spring 2000 Pierre de Fermat was one of the most brilliant and productive mathematicians of his time, making many contributions to the differential and integral calculus, number theory, optics, and analytic geometry, as well as initiating the development of probability theory in correspondence with Pascal. In this paper, we shall examine some of Fermat's contributions to the world of mathematics, paying specific attention to his work in number theory and in optics. Pierre de Fermat was born on August 17, 1601 in Beaumont-de-Lomagne, France, and died on January 12, 1665 in Castres. He was the son of a prosperous leather merchant, and became a lawyer and magistrate (Singh, page 35). While not much is known of this French mathematician's early life and education, it is known that Fermat attended the University of Toulouse before moving to Bordeaux in the second half of the 1620s. He was educated at home and began his first serious mathematical researches in Bordeaux. He was also in contact with Beaugrand, and it was at this time that Fermat produced important work on maxima and minima (World Book). He communicated this work to Etienne d'Espagnet, who shared his mathematical interests. From Bordeaux Fermat went to Orléans, where he studied law at the University. He received a degree in civil law and at the age of thirty was inducted as the "commissioner of requests." By 1631, Fermat was a lawyer and government official in Toulouse, and was promoted to a king's councillorship in the parliament of Toulouse in 1648. "Fermat's offices made him a member of that social class also and entitled him to add the de' to his name, which he did from 1631 on" (Mahoney, page 16). The office he now held entitled him to change his name from Pierre Fermat to Pierre de Fermat, as "de" is the mark of nobility in France.
Fermat, Pierre De
encyclopediaEncyclopedia fermat, pierre de, pyer du fermä' PronunciationKey. fermat, pierre de , 160165, French mathematician.
http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0818496

Extractions: Pronunciation Key Fermat, Pierre de , French mathematician. A magistrate whose avocation was mathematics, Fermat is known as a founder of modern number theory and probability theory. He also did much to establish coordinate geometry (see Cartesian coordinates ) and invented a number of methods for determining maxima and minima that were later of use to Newton in applying the calculus. He noted without proof, although he claimed to have discovered one, the assertion now known as Fermat's Last Theorem, . which states that the equation x n y n z n , where x
Oeuvres De Pierre Fermat La Théorie Des Nombres Fermat Pierre De
Translate this page Oeuvres de pierre fermat La théorie des nombres fermat pierre de. fermatpierre de. Oeuvres de pierre fermat. La théorie des nombres.
http://www.livres-musiquesspectacle.com/Fermat-Pierre-de-Oeuvres-de-Pierre-Ferma
Fermat, Pierre De
fermat, pierre de 160165, French mathematician. A magistrate whose fermat,pierre de. 1601-65, French mathematician. A magistrate whose
http://www.slider.com/enc/19000/Fermat_Pierre_de.htm

Extractions: Fermat, Pierre de 1601-65, French mathematician. A magistrate whose avocation was mathematics, Fermat is known as a founder of modern number theory and probability theory. He also did much to establish coordinate geometry (see Cartesian coordinates ) and invented a number of methods for determining maxima and minima that were later of use to Newton in applying the calculus. He noted without proof, although he claimed to have discovered one, the assertion now known as Fermat's Last Theorem, which states that the equation X n Y n Z n , where X, Y, Z, and n are nonzero integers, has no solutions for n greater than 2. Prizes have been offered for a proof of this theorem, and attempted proofs have resulted in many developments in the theory of numbers. In optics Fermat recognized that of all possible paths, light takes the path that takes the least time; this fundamental rule is known as Fermat's principle. See M.S. Mahoney
FERMAT, PIERRE DE
fermat, pierre de (16011665), French mathematician, P was born on the I 7thof August 1601, atBeaumontde-Lomagne near Montauban. fermat, pierre de.
http://71.1911encyclopedia.org/F/FE/FERMAT_PIERRE_DE.htm

Extractions: FERMAT, PIERRE DE (16011665), French mathematician, Fermat was for some time councillor for the parliament of Toulouse, and in the discharge of the duties of that office he was distinguished both for legal knowledge and for strict integrity of conduct. Though the sciences were the principal objects of his private studies, he was also an accomplished general scholar and an excellent linguist. He died at Toulouse on the 12th of January f 665. He left a son, Samuel de Fermat (163o169o) who published translations of several Greek authOrs and wrote certain books on law in addition to editing his fathers works. The Opera mathematica of Fermat were published at Toulouse, in 2 vois. folio, I670 and 1679. The first contains the Arithmetic of Diophantus, with notes and additions. The second includes a Method for the Quadrature of Parabolas, and a treatise on Maxima and Minima, on Tangents, and on Centres of Gravity, containing the same solutions of a variety of problems as were afterwards incorporated into the more extensive method of fluxions by Newton and Leibnitz. In the same volume are treatises on Geometric Loci, or Spherical Tangencies, and on the Rectification of Curves, besides a restoration of Apolloniuss Plane Loci, together with the authors correspondence addressed to Descartes, Pascal, Roberval, Huygens and others. The fEuvres of Fermat have been re-edited by P. Tannery and C. Henry (Paris, 18911894). See Paul Tannery, Sur Ia date des principales dbcouvertes de Fermat, in the Bulletin Darboux (1883); and Les Manuscrits de Fermat, in the Annales de Ia faculté des lettres de Bordeaux.
FERMAT
Translate this page fermat pierre de (1601-1665). Matemático francés nacido en Beaumontde Lomagne y fellecido en Toulouse. Si descartes tuvo un rival
http://almez.pntic.mec.es/~agos0000/Fermat.html
Fermat, Pierre De
encyclopediaEncyclopedia fermat, pierre de, pyer du fermä' PronunciationKey. fermat, pierre de , 160165, French mathematician.
http://www.factmonster.com/cgi-bin/id/A0818496

Extractions: Pronunciation Key Fermat, Pierre de , French mathematician. A magistrate whose avocation was mathematics, Fermat is known as a founder of modern number theory and probability theory. He also did much to establish coordinate geometry (see Cartesian coordinates ) and invented a number of methods for determining maxima and minima that were later of use to Newton in applying the calculus. He noted without proof, although he claimed to have discovered one, the assertion now known as Fermat's Last Theorem, . which states that the equation x n y n z n , where x, y, z, and n are nonzero integers, has no solutions for n that are greater than 2. Prizes were offered for a proof of this theorem, and attempted proofs resulted in many developments in the theory of numbers. British mathematician Andrew Wiles described a proof of the conjecture in 1993, but a gap in the proof required additional work, which was completed in 1994. However, Wiles's proof involved mathematical concepts that were unknown in Fermat's lifetime, so whether Fermat had a valid proof remains conjecture. In optics Fermat recognized that of all possible paths, light takes the path that takes the least time; this fundamental rule is known as Fermat's principle. See M. S. Mahoney
¶O°¨¡£Fermat, Pierre De, 1601-1665¡¤
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http://www.edp.ust.hk/math/history/3/3_110.htm

Extractions: ¶O°¨¹ï¼Æ½×¤×¨äÁé·R¡A¥Lµý©ú©Î´£¥X²³¦h©RÃD¡A¦p§Î¦p ¤§¯À¼Æ§¡¥i°ß¤@¦aªí¥Ü¨âÓ¥¤è¼Æ¤§©M¡F¶O°¨¤p©w²z¡A§Y¦p p ¬O¯À¼Æ¡A a ¬O¥¿¾ã¼Æ¡A«h p -a) µ¥¡A¨ä¤¤¥H¡u¶O°¨¤j©w²z¡v³Ì¬°µÛ¦W¡A§Y¤£¥i¯à¦³º¡¨¬ x n + y n = z n ¡A¡£ n > 2 ¡¤¤§¥¿¾ã¼Æ¸Ñ¡C³o©RÃD¸ü©ó¥áµf¹Ï¡mºâ³N¡n ¦~¤~¥Ñ^°ê¼Æ¾Ç®aÃhº¸´µ¡£ Andrew Wiles ¡¤¹ý©³ÃÒ©ú¶O°¨¤j©w²z¡A¾ú®É¶W¹L ¦h¦~¡C¦³¿³½ìªºÅªªÌ¥i°Ñ¦Ò¥»ºô¶¸ê·½¤¤¤ß Á¿¸q ¤@Äæ¤º¡u¶O°¨³Ì«á©w²z¡v¤§¸ê®Æ¡C
[FERMAT, Pierre De] DIOPHANTUS Of Alexandria, Arithmeticorum Libri Sex, Et De Li
WP Watson Antiquarian Books. fermat's Last Theorem. fermat, pierre de DIOPHANTUSof Alexandria Arithmeticorum libri sex, et de libris multangulis liber unus.
http://www.polybiblio.com/watbooks/2444.html

Extractions: 2 for which the equation xn + yn = zn holds true for the positive integers x, y, and z. Fermat claimed in his note to have discovered a '"very wonderful demonstration" (demonstratio sane mirabilis) of this theorem that the margin was too narrow to contain, a claim that has tantalized mathematicians ever since. The remainder of Fermat's notes contained a large number of theorems on the theory of numbers, only one of which he himself proved; the rest were proven in the eighteenth century' (Norman catalogue). The collation of this copy agrees with Norman and several other copies recorded. However, a very few copies contain a portrait, and occasionally an errata leaf, both of which appear to have been issued later as witnessed by the number of copies in their original bindings, as this one, with no evidence of removal.

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