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Chapters: Aristarchus of Samos. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 29. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Aristarchus (Greek: , Arístarchos; 310 BC ca. 230 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born on the island of Samos, in Greece. He is the first known person to present a heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe. He was influenced by the Pythagorean Philolaus of Croton, but, in contrast to Philolaus, he had both identified the central fire with the Sun, as well as putting other planets in correct order from the Sun. His astronomical ideas were often rejected in favor of the geocentric theories of Aristotle and Ptolemy until they were successfully revived nearly 1800 years later by Copernicus and extensively developed and built upon by Johannes Kepler and Isaac Newton. The crater Aristarchus on the Moon is named in his honor. The only work usually attributed to Aristarchus which has survived to the present time, On the Sizes and Distances of the Sun and Moon, is based on a geocentric world view. It is peculiar and possibly informative that this work reckons the sun's diameter as 2 degrees, rather than the correct value, 1/2 degree. The latter diameter is known from Archimedes to have been Aristarchus's actual value. Though the original text has been lost, a reference in Archimedes' book The Sand Reckoner (Archimedis Syracusani Arenarius ... Read more

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Chapters: 230 Bc Births, 230 Bc Deaths, Aristarchus of Samos, Cleanthes, Aemilia Tertia, Timon of Phlius, Agron, Ad Herbal, Simuka. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 38. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Aemilia Tertia, better known as Aemilia Paulla (c. 230-163 BC or 162 BC), was the wife of Scipio Africanus (also known as the elder Scipio), Roman general and statesman. She was the daughter, possibly the third surviving daughter, of another Roman general Lucius Aemilius Paullus (consul in 216 BC who was killed at the Battle of Cannae of the Second Punic War) and sister of another famous Roman general Lucius Aemilius Paulus Macedonicus (consul 182 and 168 BC). Her name Aemilia was derived from her gens Aemilius, one of the five most important patrician families of Ancient Rome; Roman women of the Middle Republic were always known by their father's gens (family or clan), and were usually distinguished by their birth order. Aemilia Tertia's marriage to Scipio probably took place sometime between 213 BC and 210 BC (when Scipio went first to Sicily and thence to Spain); it may however have been as late as 206 BC-205 BC. Aemilia Tertia and Scipio Africanus had a fruitful marriage, and according to Livy, Polybius, and other classical historians, were very happily married. They had two sons and two daughters, the younger being the famous Cornelia, Mother of the Gracchi. Aemilia Tertia was allegedly of a very mild disposition, but was fiercely loyal to her husband who upset many Senators by challenging the older leaders in their military strategy, and conservative Romans by his adoption of some parts of Greek lifestyle. The Greek historian Polybius who was living in the household of her brother Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus for some time, and who almost certainly was an eye-witness, w...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=8987425 ... Read more

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Chapters: 310 Bc Births, 316 Bc Births, 318 Bc Births, 319 Bc Births, Aristarchus of Samos, Arsinoe Ii of Egypt, Aratus, Arcesilaus, Antigonus Ii Gonatas, Pyrrhus of Epirus, Poseidippus of Cassandreia, Poseidippus of Pella. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 51. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Antigonus II Gonatas (Greek: B "knock-knees" 319 BC239 BC) was a powerful ruler who firmly established the Antigonid dynasty in Macedonia and acquired fame for his victory over the Gauls who had invaded the Balkans. Antigonus Gonatas was born around 319 BC, probably in Gonnoi in Thessaly or his name is derived from an iron plate protecting the knee (Ancient Greek: gonu-gonatos, English: knee; Modern Greek: epigonatida, English: kneecap). He was related to the most powerful of the Diadochi (the generals of Alexander who divided the empire after his death in 323 BC). Antigonus's father was Demetrius Poliorcetes, who was the son of Antigonus, who then controlled much of Asia. His mother was Phila, the daughter of Antipater. The latter controlled Macedonia and Greece and was recognized as regent of the empire, which in theory remained united. In this year, however, Antipater died, leading to further struggles for territory and dominance. The careers of Antigonus's grandfather and father showed great swings in fortune. After coming closer than anyone to reuniting the empire of Alexander, Antigonus Monophthalmus was defeated and killed in the great battle of Ipsus in 301 BC and the territory he formerly controlled was divided among his enemies, Cassander, Ptolemy, Lysimachus, and Seleucus. The fate of Antigonus Gonatas, now 18, was closely tied with that of his father Demetrius who escaped from the battle with 9,000 troops. Jealousy among the victors eventually allowed Demetrius to regain part of th...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=249552 ... Read more

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Chapters: Pythagoras, Epicurus, Aristarchus of Samos, Conon of Samos, Aesop, Melissus of Samos, Duris of Samos, Telesarchus of Samos, Polycrates, Agatharchus, Agathocles, Choerilus of Samos, Syloson, Semonides of Amorgos, Philaenis, Lynceus of Samos, Theodorus of Samos, Hedylus, Aeaces, Asclepiades of Samos, Creophylus of Samos, Theon of Samos, Rhoecus, Nicaenetus of Samos, Colaeus, Mandrocles. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 114. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Pythagoras of Samos (Greek: , O Pythagoras o Samios, "Pythagoras the Samian", or simply ; c. 570-c. 495 BC) was an Ionian Greek philosopher and founder of the religious movement called Pythagoreanism. Most of our information about Pythagoras was written down centuries after he lived, thus very little reliable information is known about him. He was born on the island of Samos, and may have travelled widely in his youth, visiting Egypt and other places seeking knowledge. Around 530 BC, he moved to Croton, a Greek colony in southern Italy, and there set up a religious sect. His followers pursued the religious rites and practices developed by Pythagoras, and studied his philosophical theories. The society took an active role in the politics of Croton, but this eventually led to their downfall. The Pythagorean meeting-places were burned, and Pythagoras was forced to flee the city. He is said to have ended his days in Metapontum. Pythagoras made influential contributions to philosophy and religious teaching in the late 6th century BC. He is often revered as a great mathematician, mystic and scientist, and he is best known for the Pythagorean theorem which bears his name. However, because legend and obfuscation cloud his work even more than with the other pre-Socratic philosophers, one can say little with confidence about his tea...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=23275 ... Read more

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Chapters: 230 Bc Deaths, 232 Bc Deaths, 233 Bc Deaths, 235 Bc Deaths, 238 Bc Deaths, 239 Bc Deaths, Aristarchus of Samos, Ashoka the Great, Diodotus I, Cleanthes, Antigonus Ii Gonatas, Lü Buwei, Timon of Phlius, Agron, Han Fei, Deidamia Ii of Epirus, Leonidas Ii, Ptolemy of Epirus, Andragoras, Ad Herbal, Autaritus. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 82. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Ashoka (Devangar: , IAST: , IPA: , 304 BC 232 BC), popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from 269 BC to 232 BC. One of India's greatest emperors, Ashoka reigned over most of present-day India after a number of military conquests. His empire stretched from present-day Pakistan, Afghanistan in the west, to the present-day Bangladesh and the Indian state of Assam in the east, and as far south as northern Kerala and Andhra. He conquered the kingdom named Kalinga, which no one in his dynasty had conquered starting from Chandragupta Maurya. His reign was headquartered in Magadha (present-day Bihar, India). He embraced Buddhism from the prevalent Vedic tradition after witnessing the mass deaths of the war of Kalinga, which he himself had waged out of a desire for conquest. He was later dedicated to the propagation of Buddhism across Asia and established monuments marking several significant sites in the life of Gautama Buddha. Ashoka was a devotee of ahimsa (nonviolence), love, truth, tolerance and vegetarianism. Ashoka is remembered in history as a philanthropic administrator. In the history of India Ashoka is referred to as Samraat Chakravartin Ashoka- the Emperor of Emperors Ashoka. His name "" means "without sorrow" in Sanskrit (a= no/without, soka= sorrow or worry). In his edicts, he is referred to as Devnmpriya (Dev...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=1239 ... Read more

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Chapters: 310 Bc Births, 310 Bc Deaths, Pytheas, Aristarchus of Samos, Heraclides Ponticus, Poseidippus of Pella, Battle of Lake Vadimo. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 49. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Pytheas of Massilia (Ancient Greek ), 4th century BC, was a Greek geographer and explorer from the Greek colony, Massilia (modern day Marseille). He made a voyage of exploration to northwestern Europe at about 325 BC. He travelled around and visited a considerable part of Great Britain. Some of his observations may refer to Stonehenge, the earliest report (if true). Pytheas is the first person on record to describe the Midnight Sun, polar ice, and Germanic tribes and the one who introduced the idea of distant "Thule" to the geographic imagination. His account is the earliest to state that the moon is the cause of the tides. Pliny says that Timaeus (born about 350 BC) believed Pytheas' story of the discovery of amber. Strabo says that Dicaearchus (died about 285 BC) did not trust the stories of Pytheas. That is all the information that survives concerning the date of Pytheas' voyage. Presuming that Timaeus would not have written until after he was 20 years old at about 330 BC and Dicaearchus would have needed time to write his most mature work, after 300 BC, there is no reason not to accept Tozer's window of 330 BC 300 BC for the voyage. Some would give Timaeus an extra 5 years, bringing the voyage down to 325 BC at earliest. There is no further evidence. If one presumes that Pytheas would not have written prior to being 20 years old, he would have been a contemporary and competitor of Timaeus and Dicaearchus. As they read his writings he must have written toward the earlier years of the window. 1620 edition of Strabo's Geographica.Pytheas described his travels in a work that has ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=23348 ... Read more

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Chapters: Archimedes, Epicurus, Aristarchus of Samos, Dicaearchus, Theophrastus, Conon of Samos, Philochorus, Menander, Timon of Phlius, Demetrius of Phalerum, Philo of Byzantium, Autolycus of Pitane, Menippus, Polyaenus of Lampsacus, Nicomedes, Philemon, Aristillus. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 106. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: Archimedes of Syracuse (Greek: ; c. 287 BC c. 212 BC) was a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor, and astronomer. Although few details of his life are known, he is regarded as one of the leading scientists in classical antiquity. Among his advances in physics are the foundations of hydrostatics, statics and an explanation of the principle of the lever. He is credited with designing innovative machines, including siege engines and the screw pump that bears his name. Modern experiments have tested claims that Archimedes designed machines capable of lifting attacking ships out of the water and setting ships on fire using an array of mirrors. Archimedes is generally considered to be the greatest mathematician of antiquity and one of the greatest of all time. He used the method of exhaustion to calculate the area under the arc of a parabola with the summation of an infinite series, and gave a remarkably accurate approximation of pi. He also defined the spiral bearing his name, formulae for the volumes of surfaces of revolution and an ingenious system for expressing very large numbers. Archimedes died during the Siege of Syracuse when he was killed by a Roman soldier despite orders that he should not be harmed. Cicero describes visiting the tomb of Archimedes, which was surmounted by a sphere inscribed within a cylinder. Archimedes had proven that the sphere has two thirds of the volume and surface area of the cylinder (including the bases of ...More: http://booksllc.net/?id=1844 ... Read more

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This digital document is an article from Science and Its Times, brought to you by Gale®, a part of Cengage Learning, a world leader in e-research and educational publishing for libraries, schools and businesses.The length of the article is 590 words.The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase.You can view it with any web browser.The histories of science, technology, and mathematics merge with the study of humanities and social science in this interdisciplinary reference work. Essays on people, theories, discoveries, and concepts are combined with overviews, bibliographies of primary documents, and chronological elements to offer students a fascinating way to understand the impact of science on the course of human history and how science affects everyday life. Entries represent people and developments throughout the world, from about 2000 B.C. through the end of the twentieth century. ... Read more

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Solar System - Discovery and exploration of the SolarSystem, Planetary system, Star system, Aryabhata,Aristarchus of Samos, Nicolaus Copernicus, Kepler'slaws ofplanetary motion, Apsis, Dwarf planet, Ceres (dwarfplanet),Pluto, Haumea (dwarf planet), Makemake (dwarfplanet), Eris(dwarf planet), 90377 Sedna, 90482 Orcus, 50000 Quaoar,Small Solar System body, Sun, G V star,Hertzsprung?Russelldiagram, Metallicity, Universe, Interplanetary medium,Geomagnetic storm, Earth's magnetic field, Terrestrialplanet, Asteroid belt, Mars, Asteroid, Gas giant, Comet,Formation and evolution of the Solar System,Scattered disc,Oort cloud, Vulcanoid asteroid, Planets beyond Neptune,Nemesis (star), Kuiper belt ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Just go straight to Wikipedia and bypass the overpriced middleman
Save the outrageous $155 you'd spend here and just read its content directly on Wikipedia, which is where it was lifted. There's no actual editing here, despite the listing of three editors, since the artifacts of the cut-and-paste from the Wikipedia web pages (like link symbols) are still there. There are many good books out there about astronomy and planetary science: this ain't one of them.

However, if you insist on having something printed from Wikipedia, they have a "Create a book" feature, which allows to create your OWN (free) print-ready books in PDF form -- where you know EXACTLY what you're getting, since you're the one compiling its content. Include Pluto as a planet, if you like, since you can arrange the chapters and such any way you like. Look for the "Create a book" link on the left-hand side of each page on Wikipedia.

If you insist on having something professionally printed and bound from Wikipedia -- actually, it might make a convenient format for a school library or homeschooling class -- that same collection of articles you compiled above can be converted into a physical book by a service called Pedia Press -- and it'll only run you about eight-to-twenty bucks plus shipping, depending on how many pages you want. I'd give direct links to Wikipedia, but the Amazon review system chokes on links, no matter how relevant or useful. Use a search engine, or look for "Help:Books" at Wikipedia. ... Read more

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Heliocentrism. Universe, Geocentric model, Nicolaus Copernicus, Johannes Kepler, Indian astronomy, Greek astronomy, Babylonian astronomy, Astronomy in medieval Islam, Copernican heliocentrism, Aristarchus of Samos, Seleucus of Seleucia ... Read more