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In the sixteenth century, a third form of Christianity joined the Orthodox and Roman Catholic Traditions. In the Protestant Reformation, four distinct forms of religious expression emerged: Lutheran, Reformed,, Anglican, and some radical extensions of these movements. Succeeding Protestant developments extended this variety as they also attempted to live out their understanding of Protestant foundational principles. Script by Dr. Dale Johnson. ... Read more

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Gandhi realized that he had first to live the life of a peasant to understand what it is to be an Indian. It will lead him to shed his westerners clothing, and don a simple loincloth, be subjected to racial slurs from none other than Half naked Indian Fakir; Mobilize awareness of local industry and less dependence on imported clothing and material; the historic dandee march for withdrawal of the salt tax; a fast unto death to stop the virtual slaughter of British troops by irate Indian mobs; and be imprisoned several times. Gandhi will soon realize that it is not enough to be just an Indian, for India has many facets - Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Jewish, and Christian. The British relied on these many facets as an excuse for their continuance as they wanted to ensure that the minorities are not oppressed by the Hindu majority. Concerned over the inroads made by Gandhi to unite the Hindus, Muslims, and all others under a common umbrella, the British invited Jinnah for talks, and it is here that a seed was laid for a separate country called Pakistan. When Gandhi came to know about this, he pleaded with Jinnah to unite the Muslims, even take over as the first Prime Minister with his choice of Muslim candidates for Parliament, but separatist Jinnah had already made his mind. The World Wars of 1914 and 1944 having taken it's toll on Europe and Britain in particular, the weary British finally decided to leave India in 1947 - not the India they had conquered - but an India that was ready to be divided in East Pakistan and West Pakistan. Now after the much awaited independence was the real test for Gandhi - a test that will make him or break him - as he started a fast unto death to try and stop the violence that was threatening to break out into a civil war, not realizing that he had indirectly fanned Hindu extremism, which would later be called the Shiv Sena, into taking the matter directly in their hands to ensure that Muslims are kept out of their Hindustan forever. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

A Great Soul's life.
It all began simple enough - with the purchase of a first class train ticket by Mr. Mohandas Gandhi, Esq., recently arrived in South Africa, and unaware that as an Indian, he was required to travel third class and not entitled to such a ticket. Literally thrown off the train for his transgression, the young attorney, embodied to perfection by Ben Kingsley, spent a full night sitting on the platform, musing how best to respond to such discrimination. Shortly thereafter, and after consultations with established members of his community, he wrote his first treatises and organized his first demonstrations. And when participants of a protest assembly stood up and proclaimed their willingness to die in the fight against suppression, Gandhi once and for all formulated his doctrine of nonviolent protest: "They may torture my body, break my bones; even kill me. Then they will have my dead body - not my obedience."

Shot largely on four Indian locations, Richard Attenborough's nine-time Oscar-winning biography of Gandhi is a sweeping epic that takes the viewer back to Britain's colonial past, covering all major events of Gandhi's political career from its beginnings in South Africa to the March to the Sea and India's independence, and contrasting the luxurious lifestyle of the foreign rulers with the poverty of those they governed; that India which, as Gandhi soon realized, not only the British didn't understand, but whose population also could not have cared less about the activities of the Indian Congress Party, at the time little more than a group of well-to-do city dwellers mentally and socially almost as far removed from the rest of their country as the British. Twenty years in the making, the movie is clearly reverential of Gandhi's genius, and of the man whose symbolic growth was reverse parallel to his retreat into simplicity, and who for that very reason, and because of his unfaltering commitment to nonviolence on the one hand and India's independence on the other hand, accomplished what only few people would otherwise have thought possible: to convince the world's biggest colonial power to give up the crown jewel among its colonies; and to do so in a gesture of friendship and without civil war. The one aspect of Gandhi's life that falls a bit short here is the effect that his overbearing symbolic status had on his family life, which necessarily had to suffer as a result (unable to cope with his father's fame and chosen lifestyle, Gandhi's eldest son, for example, threw himself into a life of alcoholism and prostitution). But Gandhi is not depicted as a saint, and particularly during his early years, we learn about the struggle that went into the formation of the man who later earned the title "Great Soul" (Mahatma). Even anticipating that he might be killed by an assassin's bullet, Gandhi once said that he would only deserve that title if he could accept that bullet with Rama's (God's) name on his lips: fittingly, the movie begins with his assassination and comes full circle at the end, affirming that Gandhi truly was a Great Soul throughout.

Attenborough found his perfect Gandhi in Ben Kingsley, who not so much plays but truly is the Mahatma; from his appearance to the inflection of his voice, attitudes and gestures. Over the year-long struggles to finance the movie, Attenborough's first choices for the role had grown too old to convincingly play the young Gandhi in South Africa, but eventually Michael Attenborough pointed his father to Kingsley, then with the Royal Shakespeare Company, who reportedly won the role by meeting Attenborough in full Gandhi makeup at their first get-together, thus instantly convincing him that he had found his man. Yet, despite his gift for mimicry and his part-Indian heritage, Kingsley nevertheless turned to his Indian co-stars, particularly Rohini Hattangadi, who plays Gandhi's wife Kasturba, to fine-tune his portrayal; and he recalls in an interview for the movie's DVD release that the skill he found the most difficult to master was to spin and to talk at the same time. The use of the actual British newsreels covering Gandhi's visit to England adds to the movie's sense of authenticity - and emphasizes yet again Ben Kingsley's achievement in transforming himself into the Mahatma.

In fact, his awardwinning performance so overshadows every other actor in the movie that it would be easy to overlook the fine performances of his costars, all of whom contributed to the movie's unique quality - to name but a few, Sir John Gielgud, whom Kingsley praises as "a national treasure" (British viceroy Lord Irwin), Roshan Seth (Pandit Nehru), Martin Sheen (New York Times reporter Vincent Walker), Candice Bergen (People Magazine's Margaret Bourke-White), Ian Charleson (Gandhi's early friend and colaborator Reverend Andrews), Edward Fox (General Dyer, the man responsible for the massacre at Amritsar, who testified at his court-martial that his intention had been to "teach a lesson that would be heard throughout India"); and Trevor Howard as Judge Broomfield, who had to sentence Gandhi to prison for his outright admission that he was guilty of the charge of advocating sedition because of his belief "that non-cooperation with evil is a duty and British rule in India is evil," and who nevertheless rose at Gandhi's entrance into the courtroom instead of making the prisoner rise for him, and commented on the sentence he had to impose that "if ... his Majesty's government should, at some later date, see fit to reduce the term, no one will be better pleased than I."

The movie ends with Gandhi's affirmation that when he despaired, he remembered that "all through history, the way of truth and love has always won. There have been tyrants and murderers; for a time they can seem invincible, but in the end they always fall. Think of this: Always." Such a belief may be difficult to hold on to, particularly for us who are so much more fallible than the Mahatma. Yet, this movie eloquently pleads that it is, at least, worth our very best effort.

Also recommended:
Gandhi An Autobiography:The Story of My Experiments With Truth
The Essential Gandhi: An Anthology of His Writings on His Life, Work, and Ideas
Gandhi: The Man, His People, and the Empire (Philip E. Lilienthal Book in Asian Studies)
HALFWAY TO FREEDOM In the Words and Pictures of Margaret Bourke-White
The Last Emperor - Criterion Collection
Kundun
Anne Frank - The Whole Story
Henry David Thoreau : Collected Essays and Poems (Library of America) ... Read more

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2 CD set. ... Read more

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Eight audio cassettes of great literature read/performed by famous actors and casts. Includes a folder of "liner notes". ... Read more

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Oscar-winning actor Ben Kingsley brilliantly narrates this traditional Indian folktale about a well-meaning Brahmin priest who makes the unfortunate mistake of freeing a ferocious tiger from his cage. The haunting musical score is by the unquestionable master of the sitar, Ravi Shankar. ... Read more

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Eight audio cassettes of great literature read/performed by famous actors. Includes a folder of "liner notes". ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Perfect for car rides and quiet time (ages 4-8)
My preschooler and I have been working our way through audio CDs, including the Rabbit Ears series. As a former educator (who is taking time off to pursue graduate studies), I find that listening skills are immensely important, especially in ensuring successful outcomes in learning. Cultivating good listening skills is as important in my opinion as building reading skills. In "Rabbit Ears: World Tales Vol. 2", there are two tales - "Rumpelstiltskin" is read by Kathleeen Turner ("Romancing the Stone" and "Moonlighting") with music by Tangerine Dream (also one of my favorites). The length is 23:51 minutes, and the story is one familiar to most people, i.e. of a greedy king who commands a young lass to spin straw into gold. Out of desperation, the lass turns to a mysterious creature for help, but at a high price of course. The narration is excellent, and the music goes along beautifully with the story.

In "The Tiger and the Brahmin" (26:44), Sir Ben Kingsley narrates the story of a naive Brahmin (a holy man) who lets a tiger out of its cage (on the promise that the tiger would not eat him) and is left facing the prospect of death until a jackal comes along. The music is by Ravi Shankar. I loved this story because I happen to also be a fan of Kingsley's work and Shankar's music. My preschooler enjoyed both stories. If you're looking for a good audio CD collection of stories, many of the Rabbit Ears titles are quite engaging. I found many of them at my local library, and have purchased select favorites for repeat listening. ... Read more

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All you need to know about: CATHOLICISM & ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY - These churches have their roots in first century Christianity; their basic doctrines were summarised in the great Councils of the Churches. Religion, Scriptures & Spirituality provides a fascinating exploration of a faith that is a vital force among large bodies of followers. PROTESTANTISM - In the Protestant Reformation, four distant forms of religious expression emerged: Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican and some radical extensions of these initial movements.JUDAISM - Judaism is both a religion and a way of life; it is also the parent religion of both Christianity and Islam. Jewish sacred literature preserves the ancient oral tradition through the Hebrew Bible and other writings. ... Read more

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This series describes the beliefs, practices and commitmets of the world's greatest religions. It examines each religion's scriptures, providing broad introductions to the great spiritual traditions of humankind. 2 cassettes each. ... Read more