61. Edward King - Anti-HIV Drugs And Dementia - 12/07/97 The effects of the latest therapies at treating orpreventing aids dementia complex (12/07/97). http://www.users.dircon.co.uk/~eking/features/dementia.htm

Anti-HIV drugs and dementia Dateline: 12/07/97 (Updated and expanded: 12/31/97) Early in the AIDS epidemic, there were fears that as many as 40% of HIV-infected people might develop neurological problems due to HIV's effects on the brain. In practice, the true figure has been very much lower. One possibility is that anti-HIV drugs have helped to prevent these problems. Background on dementia As summarized in NAM's short factsheet on dementia, HIV-related brain impairment has been given several different names, including AIDS dementia complex or ADC. Last week the American Medical Association published a detailed overview of current thinking on how HIV affects the central nervous system. And of course, apart from HIV's direct effects, opportunistic infections such as toxoplasmosis and cryptococcal meningitis can also affect the brain. The CDC has just published a new brochure on avoiding toxoplasmosis. More information is also contained in Project Inform's factsheet on dementia. The effects of AZT Studies in the late 1980s, including two placebo-controlled trials conducted by the

62. Speakeasy Guide - A ADC See aids dementia complex. The exact cause of aids dementia complexis unknown but it is associated with an HIV infection of the brain. http://www.quac.org.au/qpp/services/speakeasy/speaka.htm

A B C D E ... X Y Z ABACAVIR An antiretroviral drug of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor class (trade name Ziagen). ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (AIDS) A disorder of the immune system characterised by advanced immune deficiency due to HIV infection. A diagnosis of AIDS is made based on the onset of any one of a number of conditions referred to as AIDS-defining conditions and a positive HIV test. ACTIVITY The measure of a drugs ability to control or inhibit a pathogen. ACUTE The term used to describe a condition or stage in a condition that has intense short-term symptoms. Acute conditions have the potential to develop into chronic conditions. ADC See AIDS Dementia Complex ADHERANCE The degree to which a person follows a drug regime. Adherance is a synonym for compliance. AFAO Australian Federation of AIDS Organisations. AIDS See Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS-DEFINING CONDITIONS (AIDS-DEFINING EVENT) Any one of a number of serious illnesses that occur in HIV infection as a result of advanced immune deficiency. AIDS defining conditions include, MAC, PCP, AIDS dementia complex, AIDS-related wasting syndrome, toxoplasmosis, CMV retinitis, invasive cervical cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma.

63. ClinicalTrials.gov - Linking Patients To Medical Research: Study Details A Multicenter PlaceboControlled Double-Blind Trial to Evaluate Azidothymidine(AZT) Treatment of the aids dementia complex and Central Nervous System (CNS http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/gui/show/NCT00000702?order=29

64. Diagnostic Medical Testing In Psychiatric Disorders - Dementia - HIV-Associated Neurosyphilis CNS lymphoma; The direct effect HIV1 virus encephalopathy has beentermed the aids dementia complex with synonyms of HIV-associated dementia http://www.upcmd.com/dot/diseases/01080/disinfo_hiv.html

UPCMD Home DTP Home DTP Authors-Editors Disorder information ... Controversy Search Testing in Psychiatry Dementia Mild Cognitive Impairment Synonyms-Specific Diseases DSM-IV and ICD9 Coding HIV-Associated Dementia Introduction/Terminology Prevalence Diagnostic Criteria Introduction/Terminology ref Neurologic complications of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) occur via 2 basic pathogenic mechanisms: Direct effect HIV-1 virus on nervous system tissue Peripheral neuropathy Myelopathy Encephalopathy Secondary to the effect of opportunistic infections of the CNS Cryptococcal meningitis Toxoplasma encephalitis Cytomegalovirus (CMV) encephalitis Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy Neurosyphilis CNS lymphoma The direct effect HIV-1 virus encephalopathy has been termed the "AIDS dementia complex" with synonyms of HIV-associated dementia and HIV-associated cognitive motor complex. The Working Group of the American Academy of Neurology AIDS Task Force proposed the term "HIV-1-associated cognitive/motor complex" for the AIDS dementia complex & subdivided associated conditions [ ref Severe manifestations HIV-1-associated dementia complex HIV-1-associated myelopathy Mild manifestations HIV-1-associated minor cognitive/motor disorder Prevalence: Prior to availability of antiviral therapy for HIV, ~60% of HIV-1 infected patients developed HIV-1-associated dementia [

65. ASHM What is aids dementia complex? There is a care guide available AIDS DementiaComplex. A Guide to Management and Care at Home, van Reyke P, May 1997. http://www.ashm.org.au/index.php?&PageCode=106

66. University Of Sydney Medical Library. Medline Guide. AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System, 0, aids dementia complex, 1905, AIDSArteritis, Central Nervous System, 0, aids dementia complex, 1905, http://www.library.usyd.edu.au/subjects/medicine/medltree.html

Medical subject home Ovid Medline Guide Guide Index or SiteMap Introduction Subject search ... Medical Library home Subject Searching Mapping Tree Display Explode Focus ... Interactive Tutorial Tree Display The tree can be displayed, from the mapping screen, by clicking on the hypertext link for the relevant subject heading. The tree display allows the searcher to: View subject headings in their hierarchical context. View surrounding headings, ensuring that the best term or terms may be chosen. Display subject headings in all contexts. The tree is arranged conceptually with broader and narrower branches relating to each specific term. The broader term is always at the left of the screen and narrower terms are indented. Some headings are found in more than one branch of the tree structure. To view other branches click on the Contexts button located at the top left of the screen. The image below is of Contexts screen for the subject heading HIV Infections. Select Subject Heading Hits Explode Focus Scope Note Lentivirus Infections HIV Infections Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS-Associated Nephropathy AIDS Arteritis, Central Nervous System

67. Protease Inhibitors May Reverse AIDS Dementia In the United States, about one third of the adults and half of the children withAIDS eventually develop aids dementia complex, with symptoms that range from http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v279n6/ffull/jmn0211-3.html

68. AIDS Dementia Complex. The American Heritage® Dictionary Of The English Languag aids dementia complex. The American Heritage® Dictionary of the EnglishLanguage Fourth Edition. 2000. 2000. aids dementia complex. http://www.bartleby.com/61/45/A0154550.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference American Heritage Dictionary AIDS ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. AIDS dementia complex NOUN: The neurological disease complex that is sometimes experienced by AIDS patients, caused by neuron injury and death and characterized by cognitive impairment.

69. MGH Neuroradiology Research Programs - Molecular Neuroimaging Of AIDS Dementia for the noninvasive quantification of neuronal loss, neuronal dysfunction and brainmetabolic abnormalities in a simian model of the aids dementia complex (ADC http://www.mghneuroradiology.org/NewFiles/aidsdementia.html

Molecular Neuroimaging of AIDS Dementia - Animal Models Investigators: R. Gilberto Gonzalez, MD, PhD Ken Sakaie, MD Lani Lee, MD A) To non-invasively quantify by proton MR spectroscopic imaging, the regional distribution, pattern and extent of changes in NAA and other metabolites in the SIV infected macaque in vivo at different stages of infection. B) To verify the in vivo measurements by high resolution in vitro spectroscopy of brain extracts from the same animal. C) To determine the cellular pathology that underlies these metabolic alterations by quantitative studies of neuronal content, synaptic and dendritic density, and astrocytosis. D) To determine the relationship of viral localization to the metabolic and pathological abnormalities observed. View Other Research Topics MR Guided Stroke Therapy MRS of SIV Brain Injury Pain Neuroimaging and Therapy Research Predicting Brain Tumor Sensitivity ... Radiology

70. Publications Trypsin inhibition a potential cause of cobalamin deficiency common to thepathogenesis of Alzheimertype dementia and aids dementia complex?. http://www.mccaddon.demon.co.uk/cobalz/publics.htm

A list of COBALZ publications: Title - (click to go to abstract) Journal Authors Analogues, Ageing and Aberrant Assimilation of Vitamin B12 in Alzheimer's Disease Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 12:2:2001, 133-137 McCaddon A Hudson P Abrahamsson L Olofsson H Regland B Homocysteine and Cognitive decline in healthy elderly Dementia and Geriatric Cognitve Disorders in press McCaddon A et al Total serum homocysteine in senile dementia of Alzheimer type. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 13(4):235-9, 1998 Apr. McCaddon A Davies G. Hudson P. Tandy S. Cattell H. Trypsin inhibition: a potential cause of cobalamin deficiency common to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer-type dementia and AIDS dementia complex? Medical Hypotheses. 45(2):200-4, 1995 Aug McCaddon A. Regland B. Fear CF. Familial Alzheimer's disease and vitamin B12 deficiency. McCaddon A. Kelly CL. Familial Alzheimer's disease. A pedigree with a mis-sense mutation in the amyloid precursor protein gene (amyloid precursor protein 717 Brain. 116 ( Pt 2):309-24, 1993 Apr. Kennedy AM.

71. Types Of Dementia Also, the increased incidence of aids dementia complex, which results from HIVinfection, helps account for the increased dementia in recent history. http://www.cchs.net/health/health-info/docs/2300/2340.asp?index=9170

72. Harvard AIDS Institute The AIDS Report-Fall 1993 Diagnosing aids dementia complex Accurate diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychiatricproblems can make a dramatic difference in quality of life for people http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/hai/news_publications/tar/fall93/fall93-3.html

73. Searchalot Directory For AIDS Dementia Complex Related Web Sites. aids dementia complex This article is from theDec. MedicineNet - A brief article about aids dementia complex. http://www.searchalot.com/Top/Health/ConditionsandDiseases/NeurologicalDisorders

Home Search News Email Greetings Weather ... Global All the Internet About AltaVista AOL Search Ask Jeeves BBC Search BBC News Business Dictionary Discovery Health Dogpile CheckDomain CNN Corbis eBay Education World Employment Encyclopedia Encarta Excite Fast Search FindLaw FirstGov Google Google Groups Infomine iWon Librarians Index Looksmart Lycos Metacrawler Microsoft Northern Light Open Directory SearchEdu SearchGov Shareware Teoma Thesaurus Thunderstone WayBackMachine Webshots WiseNut Yahoo! Yahoo! Auctions Yahoo! News Yahooligans Zeal Sponsored Links Top Health Conditions and Diseases Neurological Disorders ... Dementia : AIDS Dementia Complex Related Web Sites AIDS Dementia Complex - This article is from the Dec. 96 Bulletin of Experimental Treatments for AIDS. In depth and covers the symptoms, classifications, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. AIDS Knowledge Base - AIDS Dementia Complex: An introduction, definitions and terminology, incidence and natural history, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, differential diagnosis, diagnostic studies and treatment. AIDS Dementia Complex - A comprehensive guide to this condition called ADC, dementia, sub acute encephalitis or HIV encephalitis from AEGIS.

74. Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 And Interferon-alpha In The Aids Dementia Comp Transforming growth factor beta1 and interferon-alpha in the aids dementia complexpossible relationship with cerebral viral load? European Cytokine Network. http://www.john-libbey-eurotext.fr/articles/ecn/12/1/51-5/en-resum.htm

European Cytokine Network. Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2001 Transforming growth factor beta-1 and interferon-alpha in the aids dementia complex: possible relationship with cerebral viral load? European Cytokine Network. Vol. 12, Issue 1, March 2001: 51-5, Original articles Summary: Author(s): O. Perrella, P.B. Carreiri, A. Perrella, C. Sbreglia, F. Gorga, D. Guarnaccia, G. Tarantino Keywords: transforming growth factor-beta1, HIV-RNA, AIDS-dementia complex, interferon-alpha. © John Libbey Eurotext

75. KlinPsy - Neuropsychologie AidsDementie. Organisaties Ziekte Tom Peters Aids and the nervous systema focus on the aids dementia complex . Bowers Mark aids dementia complex . http://users.glo.be/allemeesch/KlinPsy/Neuropsy.htm

Home KlinPsy - Neuropsychologie Wegwijzer Indicateur Pointer Zeiger ... Webmaster’s Corner Klinische Psychologie Clinique www.klinpsy.com België - Belgique Tijdschriften - Journaux - Journals - Zeitschrifte Mental Health Net: Neurosciences and Neuropsychology Neuropsychology Behavioral and Brain Sciences brain.com ... Menu Overzichtssites - Répertoires - Directories – Übersichtsseiten Organisaties - Organisations - Organizations - Organisationen International Brain Research Association International Neuropsychological Society Federation of European Neuroscience Societies European Brain and Behaviour Society ... Société de Neuropsychologie de Langue Française Wetenschap - Science - Wissenschaft Mental Health Net: Neuropsychology Neuropsychology Central Neurosciences on the Internet Dana Brain Web ... National Organization of Rare Disorders Wetenschappers - Scientifiques - Scientists - Wissenschaftlers Psych-Index Zoeken - Chercher - Search - Suchen Search.com Alta Vista Google Menu OnLine handboeken en leerboeken - Manuels - Handbooks - Handbücher - Tutorials The Brain Neuroscience Tutorial Braincampus The Whole Brain Atlas ... Menu Neuropsychologische functies - Fonctions - Functions - Funktionen Bewustzijn - Conscience - Consciousness - Bewußtsein The concept of Consciousness Consciousness and Content The function of consciousness Consciousness and Neuroscience ... Neurology in practice: Sleep and coma Aandacht - Attention - Aufmerksamheit David LaBerge's Triangular Circuit Of Attention part 2 Inattentional Blindness Geheugen - Mémoire - Memory - Gedächtnis

76. NPEL: Neuropathology Of AIDS intracellulare Cytomegalovirus Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy HerpesSimplex Virus Varicella Zoster Virus aids dementia complex Vacuolar myelopathy http://www.uvm.edu/~jkessler/NP/neuAIDS.htm

NEUROPATHOLOGY OF AIDS CATS Home About CATS CATS Teaching Modules Course Outline ... VI. PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INVOLVEMENT VOCABULARY TERMS Terms you should be familiar with: AIDS Primary brain lymphoma Kaposi sarcoma Human immune deficiency virus Tropism Toxoplasma gondii Cryptococcus Candidiasis Coccidioidomycosis Histoplasmosis Escherichia coli Mycobacterium tuberculosis M. avium intracellulare Cytomegalovirus Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Herpes Simplex Virus Varicella Zoster Virus AIDS dementia complex Vacuolar myelopathy OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this hour are to recognize the central and peripheral nervous systems as primary targets of the infectious agent of AIDS, to be aware of some of the opportunistic infections and neoplasms of the CNS that affect AIDS patients, and to become familiar with the most frequent neuropathologic lesion of AIDS, the AIDS Dementia Complex. I. SUMMARY The nervous system is involved in 75% of cases of AIDS examined postmortem. The most significant pathologic processes are related to direct infection by HIV. Other lesions include primary brain lymphoma, opportunistic infections, and a variety of peripheral neuropathies and myopathies. II. INTRODUCTION

77. Opioid Analogue May Slow Spread Of HIV In Brain In some HIVinfected patients, HIV-1 infection in the brain leads to a disease syndromecalled aids dementia complex, which results in apathy, difficulties http://www.drugabuse.gov/NIDA_Notes/NNVol11N4/Opioid.html

Research Advances Volume 11, Number 4 September/October 1996 Opioid Analogue May Slow Spread of HIV in Brain By Neil Swan , NIDA NOTES Staff Writer Synthetic compounds, or analogues, related to the opiates morphine and heroin can limit the growth of HIV - the virus that causes AIDS - in the brain, according to NIDA-funded research findings. The study with human cell culture suggests that a synthetic compound that binds to the brain's kappa opioid receptors (KOR) may curtail a virus subtype called HIV-1 from spreading in the brains of people infected with the AIDS virus. A drug analogue is a chemical compound that differs slightly from another drug. Although the study was performed in cell culture, the results suggest the possibility that a medication could be developed to prevent a particularly destructive aspect of AIDS - the loss of intellectual capacity. This research is part of a broad range of NIDA-supported studies of the complex relationship between drugs of abuse and AIDS, including studies of the effects of drug use on the body's immune system and, subsequently, on infection and disease progression. The study also provides an example of how research on drugs of abuse can have benefits in other areas of medicine. In some HIV-infected patients, HIV-1 infection in the brain leads to a disease syndrome called "AIDS dementia complex," which results in apathy, difficulties in muscle control and movement, and problems in performing complex tasks. The mental capacity of patients with dementia complex may deteriorate until they are incapable of voluntary acts.

78. AIDS Fact Sheet: Dementia And Central Nervous System Problems At first, these were all called aids dementia complex . However, thereis a wide range of AIDSrelated nerve troubles. AIDS Dementia http://www.aids.org/FactSheets/504-dementia.html

Educating - Raising Awareness - Building Community Donate Online Now Information Fact Sheets Dementia and Central Nervous System Problems WHAT ARE NERVOUS SYSTEM PROBLEMS? HOW ARE NEUROLOGIC PROBLEMS DIAGNOSED? HOW ARE NERVE PROBLEMS TREATED? THE BOTTOM LINE WHAT ARE NERVOUS SYSTEM PROBLEMS? The nervous system has two parts. The brain and spinal cord are the central nervous system (CNS). The nerves and muscles are the peripheral nervous system. Peripheral means around the outside. People with HIV disease can have several nerve problems. A common problem is peripheral neuropathy. This causes nerve and muscle pain, especially in the feet, legs, and hands. See Fact Sheet 555 for more information. CNS problems include depression and problems with sleeping, balance, walking, thinking and memory. At first, these were all called "AIDS Dementia Complex". However, there is a wide range of AIDS-related nerve troubles. AIDS Dementia means ongoing major problems with thinking, memory, and usually also with controlling the legs and arms. Before combination antiviral therapy was available, about 20% of people with AIDS developed dementia. There are many fewer cases now. The exact rate is not known.

79. UBC SON: Faculty And Staff (1997). Nursing care guidelines for people with aids dementia complex. Wyness, MA(1994). aids dementia complex Guidelines for nursing care. Axon 16, 3746. http://www.school.nursing.ubc.ca/faculty/facultydir/wyness_Anne.asp

home site map contact M. Anne Wyness, RN, MN Associate Professor School of Nursing, University of British Columbia T201-2211 Wesbrook Mall Vancouver, British Columbia CANADA V6T 2B5 Phone: (604) 822-7485 Fax: (604) 822-7466 E-Mail: wyness@interchange.ubc.ca Educational Background MN, University of Washington, Seattle BSN, University of British Columbia Current Teaching Current Professional Practice and Service Archivist and Board Member, Canadian Association of Neuroscience Nurses. Member, Editorial Board, Axon, Journal of the Canadian Association of Neuroscience Nurses. Education Committee Member, Association of Nurses in AIDS Care Conference Planning Committee Member, Canadian Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, Nursing Council, St. Paul's Hospital Member, Nursing Advisory Committee, Trinity Western University Current Research and Scholarship Recent Funded Projects Preoperative Education and Information Needs of Patients and Key Family Members Related to Surgical Management of Skull Base Neoplasms, (Principle Investigator, M. Borozny). World Federation of Neurosciences Nurses, Agnes Marshall Research Award, $3000 (U.S.), 1997 - 2001 Outcome Evaluation of N. 409D - HIV/AIDS: The Challenge of Caring, Health Canada, $4,863, 1998.

80. MSN Health - What Is Dementia, From The Cleveland Clinic Also, the increased incidence of aids dementia complex, which results from HIV infection,helps account for the increased dementia in recent history, although http://content.health.msn.com/content/article/45/1626_50487

MARCH 30, 2003 Join Sign In Search Health: Health Home Condition Centers All Conditions ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's ... Women's Conditions Fitness Staying Well Clinical Trials Medical Library [sponsored] Children's Growth Heart Failure? Insulin-dependent? [sponsored] Parkinson's Help Home Defibrillator Trouble Focusing? For the latest MSNBC Health News, click here. Condition Centers Alzheimer's Guide Get the Facts Prevention Tests You Take ... Caregiving What is Dementia? Dementia is the loss of mental functions such as thinking, memory, and reasoning that is severe enough to interfere with a person's daily functioning. Dementia is not a disease itself, but rather a group of symptoms that are caused by various diseases or conditions. Symptoms can also include changes in personality, mood, and behavior. In some cases, the dementia can be treated and cured because the cause is treatable. Examples of this include dementia caused by drugs or alcohol, or hormone or vitamin imbalances. In some cases, although the person may appear to have dementia, a severe depression can be causing the symptoms. This is known as pseudo-dementia (false dementia) and is highly treatable. In most cases, however, dementia cannot be cured. Dementia develops when the parts of the brain that are involved with learning, memory, decision-making, and language are affected by one or more of a variety of infections or diseases. The most common cause of dementia is Alzheimer's disease, but there are as many as 50 other known causes. Most of these causes are very rare.

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