81. Dysphagia - Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Digestive and Liver Disorders. dysphagia What is dysphagia? What causes dysphagia?To understand dysphagia, we must first understand how we swallow. http://www.lpch.org/DiseaseHealthInfo/HealthLibrary/digest/dysphagi.html

Clinical Nutrition Gastroenterology, Nutrition, and Hepatology Liver Transplantation Gastroenterologists ... Healthy Eating In A Fast Food World: Tips for Parents and Children Digestive and Liver Disorders Dysphagia What is dysphagia? Dysphagia is a term that means "difficulty swallowing." It is the inability of food or liquids to pass easily from the mouth, into the throat, and down into the esophagus to the stomach during the process of swallowing. What causes dysphagia? To understand dysphagia, we must first understand how we swallow. Swallowing involves three stages. These three stages are controlled by nerves that connect the digestive tract to the brain: oral preparation stage Food is chewed and moistened by saliva. The tongue pushes food and liquids to the back of the mouth towards the throat. (This phase is voluntary: we have control over chewing and beginning to swallow.) pharyngeal stage Food enters the pharynx (throat). A flap called the epiglottis closes off the passage to the windpipe so food cannot get into the lungs. The muscles in the throat relax. Food and liquid are quickly passed down the pharynx (throat) into the esophagus. The epiglottis opens again so we can breathe. (This phase starts under voluntary control, but then becomes an involuntary phase that we cannot consciously control.) esophageal stage Liquids fall through the esophagus into the stomach by gravity. Muscles in the esophagus push food toward the stomach in wave-like movements known as peristalsis. A muscular band between the end of the esophagus and the upper portion of the esophagus (known as the lower esophageal sphincter) relaxes in response to swallowing, allowing food and liquids to enter the stomach. (The events in this phase are involuntary.)

82. Dysphagia In A Patient With RA And Iron Deficiency Anemia This 63year-old woman from Mexico had a 6-year history of progressive dysphagia.Focus On The patient developed dysphagia approximately 6 years ago. http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/439884

83. NeLH Toolkit - Care Pathways - Pathway - Dysphagia Assessment Pathway Details Topic, dysphagia Assessment. Stage of Development, InUse. CareSetting, Trans-sectoral. Pathway Title, dysphagia Assessment. Pathway summary, http://www.nelh.shef.ac.uk/nelh/kit/cps/paths.nsf/e82f2762d99cb78a80256bf4004f42

NHS Direct Online nhs.uk Department of Health Electronic Library for Social Care 31st Mar. 2003 NeLH Homepage Branch Libraries (kit based) Care Pathways Library Welcome List by title List by topic List on-line List by source List by user List by editor Search Knowledge View Pathways by.. Title Topic Available On-line Source Organisation User Organisation Editor Development Stage Jump to Topics Search Return to Welcome Back Organisational Details Organisation name United Bristol Healthcare NHS Trust Details Organisation Region/ Health Board England/ South West Pathway Details Topic Dysphagia Assessment Stage of Development In-Use Care Setting Trans-sectoral Pathway Title Dysphagia Assessment Pathway summary Appraisal/ review This Record creator - organisation RCN The URL for the attachment is: www.nelh.shef.ac.uk/nelh/kit/cps/paths.nsf/Lookup/Dysphagia+assess/$file/Dysphagia+assess.rtf Click here to download the attachment now. Top (Go to ) Form: Pathways Dysphagia assess.rtf

84. Posttraumatic Cervical Osteophytosis Causing Progressive Dysphagia Posttraumatic Cervical Osteophytosis Causing Progressive dysphagia. ABSTRACTdysphagia is a commonly encountered patient complaint. http://www.sma.org/smj/97aug20.htm

Posttraumatic Cervical Osteophytosis Causing Progressive Dysphagia PAMELA D. MCGARRAH, MD, and DAVID TELLER, MD, Fort Sam Houston, Tex ABSTRACT: Dysphagia is a commonly encountered patient complaint. The differential diagnosis for dysphagia is extensive. One long-recognized etiology of dysphagia is cervical osteophytosis. Degenerative joint disease, ankylosing spondylosis, and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) can all cause cervical osteophyte formation. We describe a patient with dysphagia and a large cervical osteophyte. Our case illustrates cervical osteophytosis associated with a history of previous cervical spine trauma. Evaluation and management strategies are discussed. PHYSICIANS are frequently presented with the complaint of dysphagia. The differential diagnosis for dysphagia is extensive. The establishment of a correct diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan can be difficult. Dysphagia due to cervical osteophytosis has long been recognized and may be caused by diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH), ankylosing spondylosis, or degenerative joint disease.1 CASE REPORT A 68-year-old man had a 2-year history of progressive dysphagia with solids. At examination, he could tolerate only soft foods and liquids, but his weight was stable. He was unable to swallow pills without crushing them. The patient was a non-smoker and a non-drinker. His only medication was Zantac for a history of peptic ulcer disease. He had no history of gastroesophageal reflux symptoms. He complained of occasional stiffness and pain in the neck and lower back for which he took over-the-counter pain relievers.

85. Dysphagia Program - St. Martha's R. H. dysphagia PROGRAM. ST. MARTHA'S REGIONAL HOSPITAL. Patients with dysphagiafollowing stroke are at high risk for complications of aspiration. http://www.theberries.ns.ca/Archives/Dysphagia.html

DYSPHAGIA PROGRAM ST. MARTHA'S REGIONAL HOSPITAL ASSESSMENT THROUGH CLINICAL OBSERVATION AND MODIFIED BARIUM SWALLOW STUDY Patients with dysphagia following stroke are at high risk for complications of aspiration. In our hospital when a referral for a patient with dysphagia is received, a Dysphagia Team member (Speech-Language Pathologist and/or Dietitian) will review the chart, complete a bedside clinical assessment of the patient's level of alertness, oral motor skill, complete test swallows with a variety of food consistencies and determine if further investigation with a modified barium swallow study is indicated. Note that observation of presence or absence of the gag reflex is not used as part of the clinical assessment. TO GAG OR NOT TO GAG Traditionally, presence or absence of a gag reflex has been used as a clinical indicator in determining the patient's readiness and safety in accepting food orally however. THE GAG REFLEX is not elicited during a normal swallow is not protective for the swallow. The protective reflex for swallowing is the cough, which should be triggered when food enters the larynx. The cough reflex is frequently not elicited in dysphagic patients. (See UNRELIABLE COUGH REFLEX below is not elicited when food falls into the pharynx or airway prematurely or in an uncontrolled way [from Logemann, J., (1985) The Diagnosis and Treatment of Dysphagia. Evanston, Ill.]

86. Nursing Home Medicine: The Annals Of Long-Term Care Online Appropriate dysphagia Evaluation and Management of the Nursing Home Patient WithDementia Osteophytes of the cervical spine may be a rare cause of dysphagia. http://www.mmhc.com/nhm/articles/NHM9912/cefalu.html

Appropriate Dysphagia Evaluation and Management of the Nursing Home Patient With Dementia By Charles A. Cefalu, MD, MS Dysphagia is particularly common in the elderly nursing home patient and is associated with an increased frequency of degenerative neurologic processes, such as stroke and dementia. The signs and symptoms are often subtle and sometimes elude recognition in the early stages of disease, leading to malnutrition. Evaluation and treatment should be performed in a multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary team setting. In patients with signs and symptoms suggestive of dysphagia, a bedside swallowing evaluation should be performed by a speech pathologist, followed by a modified barium swallowing examination, if indicated. Treatment involves a variety of options, depending on the severity of dysphagia and the nutritional status of the patient. Annals of Long-Term Care D ysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, in the elderly patient is often unnoticed initially and is associated with delayed diagnosis and death, usually as a result of aspiration pneumonia. To some extent, in mild cases this delay in diagnosis is due to subtle symptomatology, and to some extent it is associated with the high (60%) frequency of asymptomatic impairment of food moving from the oral cavity to the pharynx that comes with aging.

87. Dysphagia Research Society Home Page Select Page. http://white.shs.uiuc.edu:8080/drs/

Select Page DRS Homepage Mission Society Officers Membership Info Society Meeting: Abstract Submission Registration Journal Related Links: Other Links Members ** To be reactivated when the submission details for 2003 are announced. ** ** To be reactivated when the submission details for 2003 are announced. ** Photos from DRS 2002, Miami. ** New ** If you don't see the messages above, please make sure to put a slash ('/') after the webpage, i.e., http://white.shs.uiuc.edu:8080/drs/ Questions/suggestions? Please e-mail at aperlman@uiuc.edu This page is still under contruction. Please check again soon!

88. Electronic Journals - Dysphagia Comments or Problems?dysphagia. Publisher Springer. ISSN 0179051X.E-ISSN 1432-0460. This title is available to current University http://library.usask.ca/ejournals/full.phtml?issn=0179-051X

89. Dysphagia Restrictions Available to the University of Arizona and UMC communityonly. Accessible from machines located on the campus network http://www.ahsl.arizona.edu/journals/ejrnl_gateway.cfm?name=Dysphagia

90. Return To Medformation Welcome Page Return To Medformation Home dysphagia is the medical term for difficulty swallowing, or the feelingthat food is sticking in your throat or chest. The feeling http://www.medformation.com/mf/CAM.nsf/consconditions/Dysphagiacc.html

Advanced Search [Pick a topic] Adult Medications Patient Educ. Pediatric Sports Med. Women class clinic doctor hospital job pharmacy support group Which power plant pollutant is not designated as hazardous to human health by the EPA? carbon dioxide carbon monoxide lead nitrogen oxide sulfer oxide We subscribe to the HONcode principles. Verify here Alternative Medicine Indexes: Conditions Herbs Supplements Drugs ... Send to a Friend Dysphagia Also Listed As: Signs and Symptoms What Causes It? What to Expect at Your Provider's Office Treatment Options ... Supporting Research Dysphagia is the medical term for difficulty swallowing, or the feeling that food is "sticking" in your throat or chest. The feeling is actually in your esophagus, the tube that carries food from your mouth to your stomach. You may experience dysphagia when swallowing solid foods, liquids, or both. Oropharyngeal dysphagia involves difficulty moving food from your mouth into your upper esophagus. Esophageal dysphagia involves difficulty moving food through your esophagus to your stomach. Dysphagia can affect you at any age, although the likelihood increases as you grow older. Signs and Symptoms The following are symptoms of oropharyngeal dysphagia.

91. Special Education Disabilities Dysphagia Home Teacher Resources Special Education Disabilities Aphasia,dysphagia A medical case history An elderly woman with dysphagia. http://www.teach-nology.com/teachers/special_ed/disabilities/dysphagia/

Best Sites Downloads eReports Free Sites ... Professional Development Enter your email address for FREE weekly teaching tips! Home Teacher Resources Special Education Disabilities ... A medical case history - An elderly woman with dysphagia. Dysphagia-Diet - Uses email as a method to ask questions or provide information concerning dysphagia. Dysphagia Resource Center - Offers useful articles and tutorials. Participate in the discussions on our message board Teaching K-6 Teaching Middle Level Teaching High School ... Link To Us Teach-nology - The Art and Science of Teaching with Technology is a registered trademark.

92. Pediatric Dysphagia Specialists in pediatric dysphagia must have the highest skill and knowledge levelspossible for their own protection and that of the children they serve. http://www.speechpaths.com/PMS/pms12.htm

Pediatric Feeding and Swallowing: From the NICU to School Settings October 13-14, 2003 - Dublin, Ireland Course Description Infants and children with complex neurologic, airway, gastrointestinal, and nutrition issues have multiple needs related to feeding and swallowing. Extensive knowledge and experience are critical for professionals working with these high risk children and their families, whether they are working in the NICU, EI, or other medical and school based settings, an integrated team approach is necessary and sometimes difficult for school based, as well as medically based, clinicians to establish and maintain. This course is designed to assist allied health personnel to increase their knowledge regarding the complicated decision making required when infants and children demonstrate feeding and swallowing problems. Implications for respiratory compromise in the presence of gastroesophageal reflux and neurologic deficits must be considered in respect to overall health and well being. Speech-language pathologists and other allied health professionals must consider outcomes and how outcomes can be measured, ethical decision making, scope of practice, practice patterns, and clinical competencies in their respective disciplines. Specialists in pediatric dysphagia must have the highest skill and knowledge levels possible for their own protection and that of the children they serve. FACULTY: JOAN ARVEDSON, PH.D.

93. Dysphagia And Nutrition dysphagia and Nutrition Joanne Robbins, PhD. dysphagia, or swallowingdifficulty, is associated with numerous neurologic conditions. http://www.vard.org/va/99/DYSPHAGIA.HTM

Dysphagia and Nutrition: Joanne Robbins, PhD Dysphagia, or swallowing difficulty, is associated with numerous neurologic conditions. Swallowing disorders resulting from stroke, Parkinson's disease, and other neurogenic processes have received a lot of research attention in recent years. The burgeoning efforts to identify the presence of dysphagia, and to understand the natural history of it in numerous disease processes, are most likely related to the hope of preventing the life-threatening and costly medical outcomes that are brought upon by dysphagia. These include malnutrition, dehydration, weight loss, aspiration pneumonia, and reflux. A major focus of research in the University of Wisconsin/VA Swallowing Laboratory has been the study of biomechanical and physiological changes in swallowing with aging. Not only have we been studying dysphagia secondary to age-related disease but also swallowing as a function of the aging process in the absence of identifiable disease entities. What we call our "reserve'' level, that is, our anatomic/physiologic stores that provide our ability to adapt to stress, is reduced as we get older putting older individuals more at risk for dysphagia. In fact, we notice ourselves coughing a little more as we're either drinking quickly or speaking and eating at the same time. In the frail elderly, this "reserve" is reduced even more. Thus, it is a logical speculation that older individuals with neurodegenerative conditions are extremely susceptible to dysphagia and its secondary deleterious medical outcomes.

94. Dysphagia (Swallowing Difficulties) dysphagia (Swallowing Difficulties). Children and adults with disabilitiesmay have swallowing difficulties. Swallowing is a very complex activity. http://www.duit.uwa.edu.au/web/inclusion/disability/Dysphagia.html

Dysphagia (Swallowing Difficulties) Poor weight gain Inadequate oral intake Refusal of food types/drinks Chest infections/problems Coughing/gagging on fluids or solids Gastro-oesophageal reflux Gurgly voice quality during feeding/drinking Nasal regurgitation Noisy breathing Excessive dribbling/drooling If you are concerned about the safety of an individual's swallow, please refer them to the Speech Pathologist for urgent assessment. There should be a Meal Time Management (MTM) Plan for individuals with swallowing disorders. This plan will detail the specific safety programme for that individual. It will list the type of utensils used, the positioning for feeding, the role of the support person, how to support the individual, the type of food and drink (the consistency of foods and drinks), and the signs of difficulty to look out for and what to do if there is a problem. If you are taking these individuals out over a mealtime, make sure you (or someone with you) have been trained in their specific MTM Plan. The following is only a sample of the sorts of information and format involved in a MTM Plan. Photos of the individual feeding and drinking can help prompt application of a MTM Plan.

95. Dysphagia dysphagia. dysphagia is the perception of difficulty with swallowing foods. dysphagiais an alarm symptom, and warrants a visit to a physician. http://www.webgerd.com/Dysphagia.htm

Dysphagia Dysphagia is the perception of difficulty with swallowing foods. This may be secondary to a stricture (a narrowing of the esophagus) or due to a cancer. Dysphagia is an alarm symptom, and warrants a visit to a physician. If dysphagia is due to a stricture, it may be treated with dilatation by a gastroenterologist. This is an educational site created by M.Farivar M.D. The information provided is the author's opinion based on years of clinical experience and research. You are advised to consult your own physician about the applicability of this information to your particular needs. Also, keep in mind that symptom response to therapy does not preclude the presence of more serious conditions.

96. Seniors Wellness - Medical Index - Dysphagia This Seniors Wellness Medical Index page provides information on and discussespossible treatment options of dysphagia. dysphagia. What is it? http://www.seniorswellness.com/main/medicalindex/dysphagia.htm

SENIORS WELLNESS Tip of the Week Helpful Hints Medical Index Community Board ... Site Map Dysphagia What is it? Oropharyngeal dysphagia is the medical term for a sometimes painful condition in which swallowing, especially of food, is difficult. Dysphagia can be caused by: disruption of the natural movement of chewed food from the mouth to the esophagus, or malfunction of the automatic mechanisms designed to close the airways during swallowing. About 10% of the general population has problems with swallowing, although as many as half of the people living in nursing homes have this difficulty. About 80% of cases are caused by disease or injury affecting the nerves and/or muscles of the throat (such as stroke), or by nervous system disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. Most of the remainder are caused by structural problems in the upper airway or digestive tract. Some prescription drugs can actually cause dysphagia, as well. Here are some of the symptoms of dysphagia: difficulty in moving chewed food (the “bolus”) to the back of the tongue trouble with swallowing solids the sensation that there is food stuck in the throat hesitation in getting a swallow started coughing before, during or after swallowing

97. Non-pharmacological Therapies For Dysphagia In Parkinson’s Disease (Cochrane Re Click here to order the full review. Nonpharmacological therapiesfor dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease (Cochrane Review). Deane http://www.cochrane.org/cochrane/revabstr/ab002816.htm

Abstract from The Cochrane Library , Issue 1, 2003 Click here to order the full review Non-pharmacological therapies for dysphagia in Parkinson’s disease (Cochrane Review) Deane K H O, Whurr R, Clarke C E, Playford E D, Ben-Shlomo Y. ABSTRACT A substantive amendment to this systematic review was last made on 22 November 2000. Cochrane reviews are regularly checked and updated if necessary. Background: Dysphagia occurs frequently in Parkinson's disease although patients themselves may be unaware of swallowing difficulties. Speech and language therapists in conjunction with nurses and dietitians use techniques that aim to improve swallowing and reduce the risk of choking, aspiration and chest infections. Objectives: ~bullet~To compare the efficacy and effectiveness of non-pharmacological swallowing therapy for dysphagia versus placebo or no intervention in patients with Parkinson's disease. ~bullet~To compare one form of non-pharmacological swallowing therapy for dysphagia with another in patients with Parkinson's disease. Search strategy: Relevant trials were identified by electronic searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, ISI-SCI, AMED, MANTIS, REHABDATA, REHADAT, GEROLIT, Pascal, LILACS, MedCarib, JICST-EPlus, AIM, IMEMR, SIGLE, ISI-ISTP, DISSABS, Conference Papers Index, Aslib Index to Theses, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, the CentreWatch Clinical Trials listing service, the metaRegister of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, CRISP, PEDro, NIDRR and NRR; and examination of the reference lists of identified studies and other reviews.

98. Dysphagia dysphagia. (Swallowing Dysfunction). What is dysphagia? dysphagia refersto any disorder that makes it difficult to chew or swallow http://www.riverviewhealth.org/services/rehab/speech/spdysphagia.html

99. Swallowing Disorders, Dysphagia, Sw Allowing Disorders Center, Back to top. Who Has dysphagia? dysphagia can occur in both children and adults. Complications from surgery. Back to top. How Do I Know If I Have dysphagia? http://www.ruskinstitute.org/ri/rusk/rusk_swallowing.jsp

100. Your Page Is Missing The page you requested is not available. We apologize for the inconvenience. The address of the page you requested looks as if you were trying to find a page from our old website. http://www.nmss.org/cmsi/cmsi210.html

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