61. Immune-mediated Hemolytic Anemia related term immunemediated hemolytic anemia. What is autoimmune hemolyticanemia (AIHA)? How is autoimmune hemolytic anemia inherited? http://www.upei.ca/~cidd/Diseases/immune disorders/autoimmune hemolytic anemia.h

related term: immune-mediated hemolytic anemia What is autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)? Normally red blood cells live about 4 months in dogs. As the cells age, they are removed and destroyed by other cells that are part of the immune system. New red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow at a rate that matches the destruction of older cells. In autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the immune system destroys red blood cells prematurely, faster than the rate at which new ones can be produced. The name says it all - anemia (reduced red blood cells) caused by hemolysis (destruction) by the body's own immune system (autoimmune). How is autoimmune hemolytic anemia inherited? Inheritance is unknown, but the condition is more common in certain breeds. What breeds are affected by autoimmune hemolytic anemia The old English sheep dog, cocker spaniel, and poodle have an increased susceptibility to this disorder, although it occurs in all breeds. It is more common in females than males. For many breeds and many disorders, the studies to determine the mode of inheritance or the frequency in the breed have not been carried out, or are inconclusive. We have listed breeds for which there is a consensus among those investigating in this field and among veterinary practitioners, that the condition is significant in this breed.

62. Hematology & Blood Disorders - Hemolytic Anemia What are the symptoms of hemolytic anemia? The following are the most commonsymptoms of hemolytic anemia. How is hemolytic anemia diagnosed? http://www.sw.org/clinical_content/adult/blood/anehemol.htm

What is anemia? Anemia is a common blood disorder, which is caused when there is a drop in hemoglobin or hematocrit in the blood. Hemoglobin is the part of blood that distributes oxygen from the lungs to tissues in the body. Hematocrit is the measurement of the percentage of red blood cells found in a specific volume of blood. Anemia is usually a symptom of a disease rather than a disease itself. Anemia may be a symptom of another disease. The following are the most common symptoms of anemia. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: abnormal paleness or lack of color of the skin increased heart rate (tachycardia) breathlessness, or difficulty catching a breath (dyspnea) lack of energy, or tiring easily (fatigue) dizziness, or vertigo, especially when standing headache irritability irregular menstruation cycles absent or delayed menstruation (amenorrhea) sore or swollen tongue (glossitis) jaundice, or yellowing of skin, eyes, and mouth

63. Drug Induced Hemolytic Anemia The patient recovered. COMMENT. Dr. Hirose was alert in recognizing thecharacteristic laboratory pattern of a drug induced hemolytic anemia. http://www.thedoctorsdoctor.com/pathologists_making_a_difference/hemolytic_anemi

Background Thomas Hirose, M.D. is a board certified pathologist with subspecialty expertise and board certification in Transfusion Medicine. As director of the Blood Bank in several hospitals, it is his job to oversee all transfusion reactions which may occur from the utilization of blood products. In addition, any patient with a bleeding problem usually comes to his attention because of the therapeutic decisions which need to be made regarding the transfusion of blood products. This is how he made a difference for the patient. Recently I received a call from an Internist regarding a 55 year male patient who was severely anemic (hematocrit 18%) and was found to have a positive DAT. The patient was thought to have a small retroperitoneal hemorrhage . The attending physician was reluctant to transfuse any blood and questioned whether he should premedicate this patient with steroids, aspirin and benadryl because there was a positive direct Coombs assay. The patients serologic evaluation revealed a 2+ reaction with anti-IgG Coombs reagent and 4+ anti-C3d. The indirect Coombs assay was negative. This pattern suggested that the patient may have been exposed to a medication (Cefotetan, Volaren, Unisyn etc.) which could induce a positive direct Coombs and could also be associated with red cell hemolysis.

64. Cancer And Blood Diseases | Other Blood Diseases | Hemolytic Anemia Other Blood Diseases, Print Format. hemolytic anemia. hemolytic anemia is a termused for a variety of anemias characterized by a low count of red blood cells. http://www.ucsfhealth.org/childrens/medical_services/cancer/blood/conditions/h_a

Quick Links... Admissions Appointments Billing Calendar Clinical Trials Clinics Conditions and Treatments Contact a Patient Contact Us Directions and Maps For Health Professionals Jobs Make A Donation Medical Dictionary News Phone Numbers UCSF Medical Center Volunteer Services Cancer and Blood Diseases Topics Other Blood Diseases To Visit Us Our Experts ... Other Resources Request an appointment, get directions and phone numbers, find hospital visiting hours and more Choose a doctor from among the 900 experts on our staff Events calendar, medical dictionary, news, patient education and other online resources Other Blood Diseases Print Format Hemolytic Anemia Signs and Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Signs and Symptoms Hemolytic anemia is a term used for a variety of anemias characterized by a low count of red blood cells. Red blood cells are produced by stem cells in bone marrow. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen in the blood stream throughout the body. Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells have an abnormally short life span. They're destroyed faster than bone marrow can produce them. The term for destruction of red blood cells is "hemolysis." Symptoms of hemolytic anemia may vary with each child. The following are some of the most common symptoms: Abnormally pale skin as well as jaundice or yellowing of skin and eyes Confusion Dark colored urine Dizziness, weakness or intolerance to physical activity

65. Hemolytic Anemia hemolytic anemia. Definition Red blood processes. hemolytic anemia is adisorder in which the red blood cells are destroyed prematurely. The http://www.chclibrary.org/micromed/00050650.html

Main Search Index Definition Description Causes ... Resources Hemolytic anemia Definition Description As a group, anemias (conditions in which the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in them is below normal) are the most common blood disorders. Hemolytic anemias, which result from the increased destruction of red blood cells, are less common than anemias caused by excessive blood loss or by decreased hemoglobin or red cell production. Inherited hemolytic anemias involve conditions that interfere with normal red blood cell production. Disorders that affect the red blood cell membrane include hereditary spherocytosis, in which the normally disk-shaped red cells become spherical, and hereditary elliptocytosis, in which the cells are oval, rather than disk-shaped. Other hereditary conditions that cause hemolytic anemia include disorders of the hemoglobin, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia , and red blood cell enzyme deficiencies, such as G6PD deficiency. hypersplenism , in which a large, overactive spleen rapidly destroys red blood cells. Major symptoms of hemolytic anemias are similar to those for all anemias, including

66. Isoimmune Hemolytic Anemia And Throbocytopenia Isoimmune hemolytic anemia and Thrombocytopenia. I. Rh hemolytic anemiaPathogenesis Preceding lecture; Clinical Presentation Hydrops fetalis; http://www.peds.umn.edu/divisions/neonatology/hgbplt.html

Isoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Thrombocytopenia Catherine M. Bendel, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology I. Rh Hemolytic Anemia Pathogenesis: Preceding lecture Clinical Presentation: Hydrops fetalis Pallor Hepatospenomegaly Petechiae/purpura Early vs Late Laboratory Findings: Increased nucleated RBC on peripheral smear Spherocytes not present Positive direct Coombs' test Indirect hyperbilirubinemia Treatment: PREVENTION!!!!! Immediate assessment of the severity of the disease Exchange transfusion Phototherapy Close follow-up of possible ongoing anemia II. ABO Hemolytic Disease Pathogenesis: Hemolysis secondary to the presence of maternal anti-A or anti-B antibodies. Incidence = 20% of all pregnancies associated with ABO incompatability, but very few infants symtomatic. Fewer A or B antigenic sites are present on neonatal erythrocytes, resulting in: weakly reactive Coombs' less hemolysis Clinical Presentation: Laboratory Findings: Indirect hyperbilirubinemia An A or B baby of an O mother Increased reticulocyte count Spherocytes present Treatment: Phototherapy Hydration Exchange transfusion NEONATAL ALLOIMMUNE/ISOIMMUNE THROMBOCYTOPENIA CASE PRESENTATION: 3100 g, 37 GA, white male infant born by repeat C/S

67. Research In Canine Immune-mediated Hemolytic Anemia RESEARCH IN CANINE IMMUNEMEDIATED hemolytic anemia *J Hemostaticabnormalities in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. J http://www.vet.purdue.edu/depts/vcs/research/scottmondogimmune.html

RESEARCH IN CANINE IMMUNE-MEDIATED HEMOLYTIC ANEMIA *J. Catharine Scott-Moncrieff, MA, VetMB, MS, MRCVS, DACVIM, DECVIM, DSAM (765) 494-1107 *contact person M. Brooks, DVM, PhD A collaboration with The Comparative Coagulation Section, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University. Development of a therapeutic strategy for prevention of thromboembolism in canine immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). A previous study at Purdue University documented a 30% mortality rate for canine IMHA, with thromboembolic events the most common cause of death documented at necropsy. Fifty percent of the dogs in this study had low plasma antithrombin (AT) activity. The most likely cause of low AT in dogs with IMHA is accelerated consumption due to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and DIC was either confirmed or suspected in 75% of the study dogs. A new ongoing study will determine whether replacement of AT and other anti- and pro-coagulant factors found in plasma can decrease the incidence of thromboembolism and improve survival in dogs with IMHA. Relevant publications: Scott-Moncrieff JC, Treadwell NG, Brooks M, McCullough SM. Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia.

68. Hemolytic Anemia Lecture hemolytic anemia Lecture Peggy Gulley, MD Inherited causes of hemolytic anemiaMembrane defects Hereditary spherocytosis; Enzyme defects G6PD deficiency; http://pathology.uthscsa.edu/MSII/Hemo.html

Hemolytic Anemia Lecture Peggy Gulley, MD Learning objectives: To gain an understanding of the causes of hemolytic anemia. To learn which laboratory tests are most useful in diagnosing hemolytic anemia. To learn the clinicopathologic features of the most common forms of hemolytic anemia. Reading: Robbins 5th Edition, 587-595, 601-603. Hemolysis is the destruction of red cells. Normal red cells have a lifespan of 120 days, at which time they are destroyed primarily by the spleen. Hemolytic anemia is defined as the premature destruction of red cells either within the bloodstream or in organs such as the spleen. Mild hemolysis is compensated for by increased production of red cells by the marrow (up to eight-fold). Since it takes several days for the marrow to upregulate production of red cells, sudden, massive hemolysis is life-threatening. Severe chronic hemolysis can outstrip the marrow's ability to compensate, resulting in persistent anemia and even death from cardiac failure or side-effects of repeated transfusion (infections, iron overload). Inherited causes of Hemolytic Anemia Membrane defects: Hereditary spherocytosis Enzyme defects: G6PD deficiency Hb defects: amino acid substitutions (Sickle cell anemia, HbC, HbE)

69. Destruction Of Red Blood Cells - Hemolytic Anemia hemolytic anemia ***. There are a number of specific types of hemolytic anemiawhich are described individually. Alternative names. Anemia hemolytic. http://www.valdezlink.com/inipol/pages/hemolytic_anemia.htm

Yahoo source: http://health.yahoo.com/health/dc/000571/0.html Hemolytic anemia Treatment Images Definition Hemolytic anemia is a condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells ( anemia ), caused by premature destruction of red blood cells. There are a number of specific types of hemolytic anemia which are described individually. Alternative names Anemia - hemolytic Causes, incidences, and risk factors Hemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to compensate for premature destruction of red blood cells by increasing their production. When the marrow is able to compensate, anemia does not occur. There are many types of hemolytic anemia, which are classified by the location of the defect. The defect may be in the red blood cell itself ( intrinsic factor ), or outside the red blood cell (extrinsic factor). Causes of hemolytic anemia include infection, certain medications, autoimmune disorders, and inherited disorders. Types of hemolytic anemia include: Sickle cell anemia Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria Hemoglobin SC disease Hemolytic anemia due to G6PD deficiency Hereditary elliptocytosis Hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary ovalocytosis Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia Non-immune hemolytic anemia caused by chemical or physical agents Secondary immune hemolytic anemia Sickle thalassemia Prevention There is no known prevention for hemolytic anemia.

70. Hemolytic Anemia & Vaccines hemolytic anemia vaccines. Drugs hemolytic anemia citations. Duval D,Giger U.Vaccineassociated immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in the dog. http://www.whale.to/vaccines/hemolytic.html

Hemolytic anemia Drugs "Acute Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Following DTP Vaccination: Report of a Fatal Case and Review of the Literature" Downes KA, Domen RE, McCarron KF, Bringelsen KA. Acute autoimmune hemolytic anemia following DTP vaccination: report of a fatal case and review of the literature. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2001 Jun;40(6):355-8. Review. No abstract available.PMID: 11824181 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Duval D, Giger U. Vaccine-associated immune-mediated hemolytic anemia in the dog. J Vet Intern Med. 1996 Sep-Oct;10(5):290-5. PMID: 8884713 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] This study provides the first clinical evidence for a temporal relationship of vaccine-associated IMHA in the dog. Haneberg B , et al. Acute hemolytic anemia related to diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccination. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1978 May;67(3):345-50. PMID: 654911; UI: 78183820.

71. Drugs & Hemolytic Anemia Drugs hemolytic anemia. Girard D, Damon H, Diday M, Vallas M, Meyer F, SavoyeB. Acute immunoallergic hemolytic anemia induced by sulindacRev Med Interne. http://www.whale.to/a/hemolytic.html

Girard D, Damon H, Diday M, Vallas M, Meyer F, Savoye B. [Acute immunoallergic hemolytic anemia induced by sulindac] Rev Med Interne. 1994 Mar;15(3):217-8. French. No abstract available. PMID: 8059138 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Hirosawa S, Murakami N, Kudo H, Momoi H, Kamiyama R. [Case of autoimmune hemolytic anemia with subsequent development of lymphoma 7 years later] Nippon Naika Gakkai Zasshi. 1983 Sep;72(9):1171-6. Japanese. No abstract available. PMID: 6663187 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Hansen PB. [Fatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia probably induced by treatment with piroxicam] Ugeskr Laeger. 1988 Mar 7;150(10):607-8. Danish. No abstract available. PMID: 3354087 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Haneberg B, Matre R, Winsnes R, Dalen A, Vogt H, Finne PH. Acute hemolytic anemia related to diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccination. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1978 May;67(3):345-50.PMID: 654911 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Inzoli MR, Almici C. [Autoimmune hemolytic anemia during therapy with alpha-methyldopa] Haematologica. 1973;58(3):169-71. Italian. No abstract available. PMID: 4198238 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

72. Hemolytic Anemia ImmuneMediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is a serious and often life threateningdisorder in dogs and cats. What is Immune-Mediated hemolytic anemia? http://www.gcvs.com/internists/imha.htm

Search for: Search Tips Directions What is Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia? Immune-Mediated Hemolytic Anemia (IMHA) is a serious and often life threatening disorder in dogs and cats. IMHA results from an inappropriate immune response to the animals own red blood cells. IMHA can be classified as primary or secondary. With primary IMHA, the immune system malfunctions and begins to treat the red blood cells as if they were foreign invaders and begins to produce antibodies against the red blood cells. This response is similar to what would occur against bacteria. No underlying cause for this inappropriate reaction can be identified. With secondary IMHA, an underlying disease condition such as infection, parasites, cancer or a reaction to a drug or vaccine causes a change in the red blood cells, which in turn stimulates the immune system to attack the cells. Autoagglutination is often associated with clotting disorders including pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), which are blood clots in the lungs. Intravascular hemolysis tends to be more severe and carries a worse prognosis than extravascular hemolysis.

73. Favism And Hemolytic Anemia In North Sardinia Favism and hemolytic anemia in Glucose6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase-Deficient Subjectsin North Sardinia. by. hemolytic anemia exceptionally occurred later. http://www.rialto.com/favism/fav14_en.htm

74. Health Ency.: Disease: Idiopathic Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Alternative names Autoimmune hemolyticanemia; Anemia idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic. Definition http://www.austin360.com/shared/health/adam/ency/article/000579.html

SEARCH: The Web Yellow Pages HOME Illustrated Health Encyclopedia Important notice Ency. home Disease I Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia Overview Symptoms Treatment Prevention Alternative names: Autoimmune hemolytic anemia; Anemia - idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic Definition: A disorder resulting from an abnormality of the immune system that destroys red blood cells prematurely. The cause is unknown. Causes and Risks Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an acquired disease that occurs when antibodies form against the person's own red blood cells. In the idiopathic form of this disease, the cause is unknown. There are other types of immune hemolytic anemias where the cause may result from an underlying disease or medication. Idiopathic autoimmune hemolytic anemia accounts for one-half of all immune hemolytic anemias. The onset of the disease may be quite rapid and very serious. Risk factors are not known. Ency. home Disease I Please read this Important notice Also Check Out Home Autos Classifieds Events ... Our Sponsors By using Austin360 you accept the terms of our Visitor Agreement . Please read it. Privacy statement Registered site users: edit your profile var v=1.0;

75. New Therapy For Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Issue 4, 2002. New Therapy For Cold Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. INTRODUCTION.Clinical Presentation Of Cold Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (CAIHA). http://www.itxm.org/TMU2002/Issue4.htm

Issue #4, 2002 New Therapy For Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Ram Kakaiya, M.D., Medical Director LifeSource Blood Center INTRODUCTION Clinical Presentation Of Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (CAIHA) CAIHA can be either acute or chronic. The acute type occurs after certain infections, such as, M. pneumoniae that reacts with all adult red blood cells bearing carbohydrate antigen I. The antibodies react best at cold temperature (4C) and are generally inactive at 37C. They sensitize red blood cells with complement component C3b. Anemia results from clearance of the complement-sensitized cells in the liver. Conventional Therapy Prednisone is beneficial in patients with IgG cold agglutinins of low titer. However, it is not helpful in the vast majority of cases because cold agglutinins are usually IgM and high titered. Splenectomy is usually ineffective because sensitized red blood cells are generally cleared in the liver. Plasma exchange is helpful only as a temporizing measure in acute situations. B-cell neoplasms that respond to cytotoxic drugs may also have a salutary effect on CAIHA. However, the course of CAIHA waxes and wanes with the activity of the neoplasm. Rituximab therapy Because the response to previous therapies for CAIHA is poor and the fact that the cold hemagglutinins are produced by clonal proliferation of CD20 B-lymphocytes, monoclonal anti-CD20 antibody (rituximab) therapy has been recently tried.

76. Florida State University College Of Medicine Digital Library Nonimmune hemolytic anemia Clinical Resources. hemolytic anemia (Keyword search)List of documents. MD Consult Homepage Medical Library subscription ( INFO ) http://fsumed-dl.slis.ua.edu/clinical/hematology/anemias/hemolytic/acquired/noni

Clinical Resources by Topic: Hematology Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia Clinical Resources Emergency Pediatrics Geriatrics Pathology ... Miscellaneous Resources See also: General Hematology Clinical Resources Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia Patient/Family Resources Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 15th Ed.-2001: Table of contents Medical Library subscription INFO Chapter 61: Anemia and Polycythemia: Table of contents Hematopoiesis and the Physiologic Basis of Red Cell Production: Access document Anemia: Access document Clinical Presentation of Anemia: Access document Signs and Symptoms: Access document Approach to the Patient: Access document Definition and Classification of Anemia: Access document Treatment: Access document Chapter 108: Hemolytic Anemias and Acute Blood Loss: Table of contents Introduction: Access document Hemolytic Anemias: Access document Classification: Access document Acquired Hemolytic Anemias: Access document Introduction: Access document Environmental Alteration of the Red Cell Membrane by "Toxic" Effects: Access document Introduction: Access document Spur Cell Anemia: Access document Clinical Manifestations: Access document Treatment: Access document Prognosis: Access document Hoffman: Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice 3rd Ed.-2000 (MD Consult):

77. Florida State University College Of Medicine Digital Library Hematology. Nonimmune hemolytic anemia Patient/Family Resources. Geriatrics Miscellaneous. Nonimmune hemolytic anemia Clinical Resources. MD http://fsumed-dl.slis.ua.edu/patientinfo/hematology/anemias/hemolytic/acquired/n

Patient/Family Resources by Topic: Hematology Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia Patient/Family Resources Geriatrics Pediatrics Spanish Miscellaneous See also: Malaria Patient/Family Resources General Hematology Patient/Family Resources Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia Clinical Resources MD Consult: Homepage Medical Library subscription INFO Patient Handouts Table of content Anemia (Comphrehensive Version) Access document Anemia Access document MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia caused by Chemical or Physical Agents: English Spanish Hemolytic Anemia: English Spanish Anemia: English Spanish InteliHealth Disease and Condition Guide Table of contents Hemolytic Anemia: Access document Merck Manual Home Edition Table of contents Chapter 154. Anemias: Access document Complete Home Medical Guide: Table of contents Blood Disorders Table of contents Disorders of the Red Blood Cells: Access document Hemolytic Anemia: Access document Geriatrics MD Consult: Homepage Medical Library subscription INFO Patient Handouts Table of content Anemia (Senior Adult Version) Access document Spanish MEDLINE plus Medical Encyclopedia: Table of contents Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemia caused by Chemical or Physical Agents: English Spanish Hemolytic Anemia: English Spanish Anemia: English Spanish Miscellaneous Nonimmune Hemolytic Anemias Patient/Family Resources Healthfinder (US DHHS): Homepage Anemias: List of documents National Library of Medicine MEDLINE plus Health Topics: Index Anemia: List of documents YAHOO - Health:Diseases and Conditions:Anemia Additional Anemia resources (

78. Hemolytic Anemia: A Blood Disorder Lupus and hemolytic anemia Blood Disorder connected to Lupus. There are a numberof specific types of hemolytic anemia which are described individually. http://www.itzarion.com/lupusanemia.html

Lupus and Hemolytic Anemia Blood Disorder connected to Lupus Definition: Hemolytic anemia is a condition of an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells (anemia), caused by premature destruction of red blood cells. There are a number of specific types of hemolytic anemia which are described individually. Alternative names: Anemia - hemolytic Causes, incidences, and risk factors Hemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to compensate for premature destruction of red blood cells by increasing their production. When the marrow is able to compensate, anemia does not occur. There are many types of hemolytic anemia, which are classified by the location of the defect. The defect may be in the red blood cell itself (intrinsic factor), or outside the red blood cell (extrinsic factor). Causes of hemolytic anemia include infection, certain medications, autoimmune disorders (such as Lupus), and inherited disorders. There are several different types of anemia. Prevention There is no known prevention for hemolytic anemia. Symptoms Chills Fatigue Pale color Shortness of breath Rapid heart rate Yellow skin color (jaundice) Dark urine Enlarged spleen Signs and tests These are tests for hemolysis (red blood cell destruction). There are specific tests which identify the specific types of hemolytic anemia. They are performed after hemolysis has been established.

79. Page 5 Home Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an autoimmunedisorder which causes the premature destruction of red blood cells. http://www.aarda.org/page5.html

Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is an autoimmune disorder which causes the premature destruction of red blood cells. There are several related autoimmune blood diseases. A normally red blood cell has a life span of approximately 120 days before the spleen removes it from circulation. Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow and released into circulation. In persons with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, the red blood cells are destroyed prematurely; and bone marrow production of new cells cannot make up for their loss. The severity of this disorder is determined by the length of time the red blood cell survives and by the capability of the bone marrow to continue red blood cell production. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia is a disorder that occurs in persons who have formerly had a normal red blood cell count. The disorder usually occurs in conjunction with some other medical condition, very often another autoimmune disease. It may sometimes occur alone and without a triggering factor. It affects twice as many women as men, specifically women in the childbearing years. Cold antibody hemolytic anemia most commonly affects elderly persons, and warm antibody hemolytic anemia can affect anyone at any age. For more information on autoimmune hemolytic anemia or other autoimmune disorders, or for a free packet of information on autoimmunity, please click on the request information icon below.

80. Diagnosis Of Immune-mediated Hemolytic Anemia Diagnosis of Immunemediated hemolytic anemia. 3,4 Primary IMHA is synonymouswith idiopathic and autoimmune-mediated hemolytic anemia (AIHA). http://www.vet.uga.edu/vpp/CLERK/hiers/

Diagnosis of Immune-mediated Hemolytic Anemia Kristin M. Hiers, BS; Kenneth Latimer, DVM, PhD; Perry J. Bain, DVM, PhD; Paula M. Krimer, DVM, DVSc Class of 2003 (Hiers) and Department of Pathology (Latimer, Bain, Krimer), College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7388 Introduction Immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) is an accelerated destruction of red blood cells due to the attachment of immunoglobulin and/or complement to the erythrocyte membrane. It is a common cause of severe anemia and hemolysis in dogs with a mortality rate of over 40%. IMHA can be classified as primary or secondary depending on the cause of the red cell destruction. Secondary IMHA involves hemolysis due to an immunologic reaction to a "non-self" antigen. Possible causes include infection, chemical agents, drugs, or neoplastic disease. Primary IMHA is synonymous with idiopathic and autoimmune-mediated hemolytic anemia (AIHA). There is a true autoantibody specific for the self-antigen of the red cell membrane. Normally the immune system recognizes self-antigen and does not respond to it. This is the principle of self-tolerance. It is thought that when something triggers a change in immunoregulation, such as infection, there may be a loss of self-tolerance and subsequent autoimmune disease. There is a genetic predisposition for the development of AIHA

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