1. MEDLINEplus Medical Encyclopedia: Pellagra O PPl Pm-Pz Q R S-Sh Si-Sp Sq-Sz T-Tn To-Tz U V W X Y Z 0-9. pellagra. Contents of this page http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000342.htm

Skip navigation Medical Encyclopedia Other encyclopedia topics: A-Ag Ah-Ap Aq-Az B-Bk ... Z Pellagra Contents of this page: Illustrations Alternative names Definition Illustrations Food guide pyramid Alternative names Return to top Vitamin deficiency - niacin; Deficiency - niacin Definition Return to top A disease caused by a deficient diet or failure of the body to absorb niacin (one of the B complex vitamins ) or an amino acid ( tryptophan ). Common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn), the disease is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea , mucosal changes, and mental symptoms (especially a schizophrenia-like dementia ). It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism Update Date: 10/4/2001 Updated by: Victoria Kennedy, RN, A.D.A.M. editorial. Health Topics Drug Information Encyclopedia Dictionary ... National Institutes of Health Page last updated: 10 January 2003

2. Full Text - No Breaks - Dr. Joseph Goldberger And The War On Pellagra 1996 Stetten Museum Senior Visiting Fellow. pellagra no longer stalks the nation as it once did. http://www.nih.gov/od/museum/exhibits/goldberger/full-text.html

Dr. Joseph Goldberger Photo: Reproduced with permission of the Joseph Goldberger family. the War on Pellagra By Alan Kraut, Ph.D. Professor of History, American University 1996 Stetten Museum Senior Visiting Fellow Pellagra no longer stalks the nation as it once did. But during the early part of the 20th-century, pellagra, a disease that results from a diet deficient in vitamin B, killed many poor Southerners. Dr. Joseph Goldberger, a physician in the U.S. government's Hygienic Laboratory, the predecessor of the National Institutes of Health, discovered the cause of pellagra and stepped on a number of medical toes when his research experiments showed that diet and not germs (the currently held medical theory) caused the disease. He also stepped on Southern pride when he condemned the sharecropper systems as being a significant factor in the cause of pellagra. Man and small boy with pellagra. Photos: Small boy, courtesy of the National Library of Medicine; Man, reproduced with permission of the Waring Historical Library of the Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.

3. Medic-Planet Pellagra A definition of this disease, causes, incidence, symptoms, progression, treatment and prevention.Category Health Conditions and Diseases pellagra......pellagra Advertisement WebVitamins Why Pay More? See also Diet irrationalbehavior. Advanced pellagra can cause death. Prevention http://www.medic-planet.com/MP_article/article_num/454/6

4. Main - Dr. Joseph Goldberger And The War On Pellagra Informative article on the history of this disorder. http://www.nih.gov/od/museum/exhibits/goldberger/main.html

page 1 Dr. Joseph Goldberger Photo: Reproduced with permission of the Joseph Goldberger family. the War on Pellagra By Alan Kraut, Ph.D. Professor of History, American University 1996 Stetten Museum Senior Visiting Fellow Pellagra no longer stalks the nation as it once did. But during the early part of the 20th-century, pellagra, a disease that results from a diet deficient in vitamin B, killed many poor Southerners. Dr. Joseph Goldberger, a physician in the U.S. government's Hygienic Laboratory, the predecessor of the National Institutes of Health, discovered the cause of pellagra and stepped on a number of medical toes when his research experiments showed that diet and not germs (the currently held medical theory) caused the disease. He also stepped on Southern pride when he condemned the sharecropper systems as being a significant factor in the cause of pellagra. Additional Formats: Full-text, No Page Breaks Please Note: Home National Institutes of Health

5. Pellagra A brief description of this disease and its symptoms and treatment.Category Health Conditions and Diseases pellagra......pellagra. pellagra (p* lag r*) is a vitamin deficiency disease causedby a lack of niacin, an element found in the Bcomplex vitamins. http://www.rush.edu/worldbook/articles/016000a/016000085.html

6. NIACIN Pellagra Dementia A discussion on niacin and how its absorbed, deficiencies, diet recommendations, food sources and toxicity. http://www.eagle-min.com/faq/faq100.htm

COLLOIDAL MINERALS NIACIN Niacin (nicotinic acid or nicotinamide) is essential in the form of the coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and NAD phosphate (NADP) in which the nicotinamide moiety acts as an electron acceptor or hydrogen donor in many biological redox reactions. NAD functions as an electron carrier for intracellular respiration, as well as a codehydrogenase with enzymes involved in the oxidation of fuel molecules. NADP functions as a hydrogen donor in reductive biosyntheses such as in fatty acid and steroid syntheses and, like NAD, as a codehydrogenase. Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide are rapidly absorbed from the stomach or the intestine. Nicotinamide, the major form in the bloodstream, arises from enzymatic hydrolysis of NADP in the intestinal mucosa and liver. It is transported to tissues that synthesize their own NAD as needed. Niacin and NAD are biosynthesized from dietary tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway and quinolinic acid. Excess niacin is excreted in the urine primarily as N -methylnicotinamide and N -methyl-2-pyridone-5-carboxamide.

7. A Science Odyssey: People And Discoveries: Pellagra Shown To Be Dietary Disease pellagra shown to be dietary disease Photo Man with pellagra on arms By 1912, Joseph Goldberger had been a member of the U.S. Public Health Service for 13 years. In 1914, the surgeon general appointed him to tackle the crisis of pellagra. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dm15pa.html

Pellagra shown to be dietary disease Photo: Man with Pellagra on arms By 1912, Joseph Goldberger had been a member of the U.S. Public Health Service for 13 years. In 1914, the surgeon general appointed him to tackle the crisis of pellagra. Pellagra had been a low-level problem throughout the South for years, but crop failures and an economic downturn had raised it to epidemic proportions. The disease causes skin rashes, mouth sores, diarrhea, and if untreated, mental deterioration. Goldberger's first step was to simply observe. He traveled tirelessly through the South, taking notes, asking questions, and watching. He noticed that the diet of poor people in the region consisted of cornbread, molasses, and a little pork fat. It seemed that the poorer people were, the more likely they were to get pellagra. Institutions such as prisons, asylums, and orphanages also had a limited diet and a great deal of pellagra among inmates. Goldberger gradually concluded that the disease was not infectious at all, but strictly a matter of diet. In 1915, he conducted experiments on inmates at a Mississippi prison, who volunteered for the study in exchange for a pardon. Because it was a farm prison, its inmates had a fairly balanced diet. Goldberger's volunteers were given the poor Southern diet he had seen associated with pellagra. That was the only difference. The other inmates ate the usual farm fare. Every effort was made to prevent and rule out infectious transmission. And within months, the volunteers came down with pellagra. Then the researchers

8. Pellagra pellagra , deficiency disease due to a lack of niacin (nicotinic acid), one of the components of the B complex vitamins http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/sci/A0838092.html

Reduce your family medical costs by up to 60% now! Oral health..Save up to 60% on dental care. Easy Medical Diagnosis..stop smoking! All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Encyclopedia pellagra [p u u Pronunciation Key pellagra , deficiency disease due to a lack of niacin (nicotinic acid), one of the components of the B complex vitamins in the diet. Niacin is plentiful in yeast, organ meats, peanuts, and wheat germ. The disease manifests itself in lesions of the skin and mucous membrane, diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms, neurological derangement, and mental confusion. It is most common in areas where the diet consists mainly of corn, which, unlike other grains, lacks niacin as well as the amino acid tryptophan, which the body uses to synthesize the vitamin. Treatment includes large doses of niacin and the institution of a proper diet to prevent recurrences. See D. A. Roe

9. Pellagra Background pellagra defines the systemic disease resulting from niacin deficiency. http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/biolib/hc/nh7.html

Special Collections Picture List Previous Picture Next Picture Pellagra Pellagra Goldberger, Joseph and G.A. Wheeler. The Experimental Production of Pellagra in Human Subjects by Means of Diet . Washington: Government Printing Office, 1920. (Hygienic Laboratory Bulletin) Next Title VUMC Home About VUMC Health Care Services ... Search URL: http://www.mc.Vanderbilt.Edu/biolib/hc/nh7.html Last Modified: Tuesday, 28 October 1997 Contact: Mary.Teloh@mcmail.Vanderbilt.edu webmaster@www.mc.vanderbilt.edu

10. Medic-Planet Pellagra pellagra Advertisement WebVitamins Why Pay More? See also Diet irrationalbehavior. Advanced pellagra can cause death. Prevention http://www.medic-planet.com/MP_article/internal_reference/pellagra

11. Pellagra Mylifepath.com A definition, description, causes and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, prevention and further reading. http://www.mylifepath.com/article/gale/100265326

12. Www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Pellagra http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2K/MB_cgi?term=Pellagra

13. EMedicine - Pellagra : Article By Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD pellagra pellagra defines the systemic disease resulting from niacin deficiency.Don Gasper Casal, a Spanish court physician, first described pellagra. http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic1755.htm

(advertisement) Home Specialties CME PDA ... Patient Education Articles Images CME Patient Education Advanced Search Link to this site Back to: eMedicine Specialties Pediatrics Nutrition Pellagra Last Updated: March 5, 2002 Rate this Article Email to a Colleague Synonyms and related keywords: niacin deficiency, Alpine scurvy, maidism, mal de la rosa, mal rosso, mayidism, psychoneurosis maidica, Saint Ignatius itch, Saint Ignatius' itch, maize, corn AUTHOR INFORMATION Section 1 of 10 Author Information Introduction Clinical Differentials ... Bibliography Author: Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD , Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Kumaravel Rajakumar, MD, is a member of the following medical societies: Ambulatory Pediatric Association , and American Academy of Pediatrics Editor(s): Steven Schwarz, MD , Chairman, Department of Pediatrics, Long Island College Hospital; Professor of Pediatrics, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center; Robert Konop, PharmD

14. EMedicine - Pellagra Article By Vladimir Hegyi, MD pellagra pellagra is clinically manifested by the 4 D's photosensitivedermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death. The full tetrad http://www.emedicine.com/derm/topic621.htm

15. PELLAGRA pellagra A niacin deficiency disease (pellagra) caused by improper diet and characterizedby skin lesions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and nervousness. http://www.medhelp.org/glossary/new/gls_3271.htm

Welcome to .... Advertisement PELLAGRA - A niacin deficiency disease ( pellagra ) caused by improper diet and characterized by skin lesions gastrointestinal disturbances, and nervousness. Depression, dermatitis dementia , and diarrhea are common symptoms Med Help International Search Ask the Doctor Forums ... Patient Network The medical glossary has been made possible by a generous donation from: (revised: 1996) Advertisement

16. 1Up Health > Pellagra (Deficiency - Niacin, Vitamin Deficiency - Niacin) Comprehesive information on pellagra (Deficiency niacin, Vitamin deficiency -niacin). {alldisplaynames1}. - Diseases Conditions . pellagra Information. http://www.1uphealth.com/health/pellagra_info.html

1Up Health Alternative Medicine Clinical Trials Health News ... Health Topics A-Z Search 1Up Health Pellagra Information Alternative names : Deficiency - niacin, Vitamin deficiency - niacin Definition : A disease caused by a deficient diet or failure of the body to absorb niacin (one of the B complex vitamins ) or an amino acid ( tryptophan ). Common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn), the disease is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea , mucosal changes, and mental symptoms (especially a schizophrenia-like dementia ). It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism Related Tools and Utilities Search Books on Amazon: Read Articles on eLibrary: Health Products on drugstore.com: Review Date Reviewed By : Victoria Kennedy, RN, A.D.A.M. editorial. A B C D ... Z Search 1Up Health A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is the first of its kind, requiring compliance with 53 standards of quality and accountability, verified by independent audit. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial reviewers . A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics (www.hiethics.com) and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch). Home Contact Us Privacy Links Directory

17. Pellagra Drawings pellagra Drawings. Drawing 1 pellagra Patient, Georgia State Sanitarium, 1919. Drawing2 pellagra Patient, pellagra Hospital, Spartanburg, South Carolina, 1919. http://www.mc.vanderbilt.edu/biolib/hc/pellagra.html

Eskind Biomedical Library Historical Collection Introduction Access and Use Collections ... Acorn Pellagra Drawings D uring the summer of 1919, a talented young artist, John Carroll was assigned to Dr. Joseph Goldberger's pellagra study , sponsored by the U.S. Department of Public Health. Mr. Carroll produced forty-one drawings of patients in pellagra hospitals in Spartanburg, South Carolina and Milledgeville, Georgia. The drawings are mixed media, watercolor, pen-and ink, and pencil and are on Bristol board, 14 1/2 by 19 inches. The dates of the drawings cover the relatively short period from May 18 to August 7, 1919. Clinical notes written by Dr. William F. Tanner, Dr. Goldberger's associate, accompany each painting and include the patient's name, case number and description of his or her condition. The artist, John Carroll (1892-1959), began painting when he was eleven years old, studying at the Mark Hopkins Institute in San Francisco and later with Frank Duveneck in Cincinnati. During World War I, Carroll joined the Navy and was sent to France to make lithographs for the Navy Department. Being in his own words, "stone broke" at the time of his discharge from the Navy, he took the temporary position with Dr. Goldberger in Spartanburg and Milledgeville. John Carroll was not a career medical illustrator. He made no other such drawings but quickly gained a reputation as a talented young artist and portrait painter. Drawing 1: Pellagra Patient, Georgia State Sanitarium, 1919

18. MotherNature.com - Prevention's Healing With Vitamins Pellagra Ch.93, Parkinsons Disease. Ch.94, pellagra. Ch.95, Phlebitis. Ch.96, PremenstrualSyndrome. Click Here To Learn More! pellagra. Decoding a Turnof-the-Century Mystery. http://market.mothernature.com/Library/bookshelf/Books/10/94.cfm

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19. Pelagra-Pellagra pellagra (86905 bytes). Back to top There were asylums in the southern US forvictims of central nervous system pellagra/ niacin deficiency. Back to top http://www.geocities.com/cheeaungroup2001/Pela.htm

Pelagra Pellagra Tools Back Forward Printer Friendly Version Navigation Bar Quick Tour Objective Kwashiorkor Pellagra Cretinism Scurvy Beriberi Goiter Osteomalacia Rickets JE Dengue Web Search Web Links About this Project Contents Overview Manifestation Diagnosis Treatment Kwashiorkor Home Cretinism Search Our Site! Find on this page! Overview Alternative names vitamin deficiency - niacin; deficiency - niacin Definition A disease caused by a deficient diet or failure of the body to absorb niacin (one of the B complex vitamins) or an amino acid (tryptophan). Common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn), the disease is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea, mucosal changes, and mental symptoms (especially a schizophrenia-like dementia). It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism. Etiology-severe deficiency of niacin lack of animal protein maize/millet diet, S Africa; Alkali, Mexico Isoniazid/niacin antagonism 1700’s Casal attributed pellagra to diet 1914-1926 Joseph Goldberger, infectious diseases specialists assigned by USPHS, using epidemiology found it to be a nutritional disease, responsive to yeast extract, related to alkaline treated maize diet, hominy and grits

20. Pellagra-Printer Friendly Version pellagra. Overview. Alternative names. There were asylums in the southern USfor victims of central nervous system pellagra/ niacin deficiency Diagnosis. http://www.geocities.com/cheeaungroup2001/print/PelaPrint.htm

URL: http://www.nutrientdiseases.cjb.net/ Email: cheeaungroup@nutrientdiseases.cjb.net webmaster@nutrientdiseases.cjb.net Pellagra Overview Alternative names vitamin deficiency - niacin; deficiency - niacin Definition A disease caused by a deficient diet or failure of the body to absorb niacin (one of the B complex vitamins) or an amino acid (tryptophan). Common in certain parts of the world (in people consuming large quantities of corn), the disease is characterized by scaly skin sores, diarrhea, mucosal changes, and mental symptoms (especially a schizophrenia-like dementia). It may develop after gastrointestinal diseases or alcoholism. Etiology-severe deficiency of niacin lack of animal protein maize/millet diet, S Africa; Alkali, Mexico Isoniazid/niacin antagonism 1700’s Casal attributed pellagra to diet 1914-1926 Joseph Goldberger, infectious diseases specialists assigned by USPHS, using epidemiology found it to be a nutritional disease, responsive to yeast extract, related to alkaline treated maize diet, hominy and grits Distribution-poverty/poor nutrition Clinical presentation Dermatitis confluent over sun exposed areas collar of Casal, dermatosis around neck

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