1. Thyroid Disorders Including euthyroid goiter and thyroid cancers from The Merck Manual. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section2/chapter8/8a.htm

2. Thyroid Disorders Your thyroid gland is a small, butterflyshaped gland located just below your Adam's apple. The thyroid produces hormones that affect your body's metabolism and energy level. http://www.endocrinologist.com/thyroid.htm

THYROID DISORDERS Your thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located just below your Adam's apple. The thyroid produces hormones that affect your body's metabolism and energy level. Thyroid problems are among the most common medical conditions but, because their symptoms often appear gradually, they are commonly misdiagnosed. The three most common thyroid problems are the underactive thyroid , the overactive thyroid and thyroid nodules HYPOTHYROIDISM (Underactive thyroid) The most common cause of hypothyroidism is Hashimoto's thyroiditis. In this condition, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. Common symptoms of hypothyroidism are: Fatigue or lack of energy Weight gain Feeling cold Dry skin and hair Heavy menstrual periods Constipation Slowed thinking D IAGNOSIS of hypothyroidism is usually straightforward, once it is suspected. Patients with hypothyroidism due to Hashimoto's thyroiditis have an elevated level of serum TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone). However, the rare patient with hypothyroidism due to a pituitary or hypothalamic condition may have a normal or low serum TSH. T REATMENT of hypothyroidism consists of taking thyroid hormone in pill form on a daily basis. Symptoms of hypothyroidism should clear up within a few months of starting treatment. Adjustment of the dose of thyroid pills is based upon measurements of serum TSH. Most patients need to take thyroid hormone for life.

3. Thyroid Disorders Diagnosing thyroid disorders. by David W. Gardner M.D. http://www.hsc.missouri.edu/~daveg/thyroid/thyindex.html

Diagnosing Thyroid Disorders by David W. Gardner M.D. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism University of Missouri Health Sciences Center Columbia, Missouri Main Menu: Thyroid Pathology Thyroid Disorders Thyroid Function Tests Thyroid Quiz Thyroid Links Created and maintained by David W. Gardner M.D. URL: http://www.hsc.missouri.edu/~daveg/thyroid/thyindex.html Last update: 01/07/02

4. Thyroid Disorders Primary, secondary and juvenile hypothyroidism. Includes photo illustrations. Division of Endocrinology Category Health Conditions and Diseases Thyroid Hypothyroid......thyroid disorders. http://www.hsc.missouri.edu/~daveg/thyroid/thy_dis.html

Thyroid Disorders Thyroid Disorders Menu: Primary Hypothyroid Seconday Hypothyroid (Hypopituitarism) "Subclinical" Hypothyroidism Juvenile Hypothyroid ... Return to Thyroid Home Page Primary Hypothyroid Primary hypothyroidism occurs when disease of the thyroid gland prevents it from producing adequate amounts of thyroid hormone. Symptoms may vary from mild to severe and from nonspecific to very specific. In general, all metabolic processes slow down. Patients are often fatigued, and may also have depression, decreased intellectual function, and, rarely, overt psychosis. Patients frequently complain of cold intolerance, dry skin, and constipation. The heart rate is often slowed, as is the relaxation phase of deep tendon reflexes. There may be high cholesterol, mild anemia, and high serum enzymes, including CPK. The T4 and Free T4 is low and the TSH is always high (usually greater than 20 mU/L) . T3 may be normal. Primary Hypothyroid: Typical History 43 y/o patient with the chief complaint of "decreased energy." She complains of fatigue, inability to finish tasks, sleeping more, yet always being tired. She has also noticed a decreased cold tolerance, constipation, and dryness of the skin. She comments that she is always cold, even in the summer. She has a positive family history for thyroid problems, but does not know the details Return to Menu Seconday Hypothyroid (Hypopituitarism) Secondary hypothyroidism is defined as the failure of the thyroid gland due to the inadequate production of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). This can occur due to primary failure of the pituitary or as the result of hypothalamic dysfunction (tertiary hypothyroidism). Pituitary failure can result from destruction by pituitary and non-pituitary tumors, head trauma, radiation, postpartum infarction (Sheehan’s syndrome) or unknown causes (idiopathic). Generally the symptoms of hypothyroidism are less severe than in primary hypothyroidism and are often complicated by deficiencies of other pituitary hormones, as well as the mass effects of the intracranial tumor. Patients with secondary hypothyroidism must be evaluated for pituitary tumors and other hormone deficiencies.

5. Thyroid Disorders, University Of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA A comprehensive resource about the diagnosis and treatment of different thyroid disorders from the health care experts at UPMC Health System thyroid gland covers the windpipe just below the Adam's apple and is part of the endocrine system. Thyroid hormones regulate http://thyroid.upmc.com/

The thyroid gland covers the windpipe just below the Adam's apple and is part of the endocrine system. Thyroid hormones regulate cell metabolism (energy production). When the gland releases fewer hormones than the body needs, the result is hypothyroidism , but when excess hormones are released, the result is hyperthyroidism UPMC University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences Contact UPMC Supplemental content provided by HealthGate Data Corp

6. Thyroid Disorders Diabetes and Other Endocrine Disorders. thyroid disorders. The thyroid is a small, butterflyshaped gland that lies over http://www.familyvillage.wisc.edu/lib_thyr.htm

Thyroid Disorders Who to Contact Where to Go to Chat with Others Learn More About It Web Sites ... Search AltaVista for "Thyroid Disorders" Who to Contact Thyroid Foundation of Canada (TFC) 1040 Gardeners Road Kingston, Ontario K7P 1R7 Canada (800) 267-8822 (Canada Only) Fax: (613) 634-3483 e-mail: thyroid@limestone.kosone.com The Thyroid Foundation of Canada's mission is to increase public awareness of thyroid disease, to offer support to thyroid patients and their families, and to raise funds for research. They have local chapters and a directory is available through the national office. They will provide assistance to individuals who wish to start a support group in their locality. TFC publishes a quarterly newsletter, Thyrobulletin , that is included in membership fees, and a number of brochures including "Thyroid Disease is real Know the Facts," "The Thyroid Gland: A General Introduction," "Hypothyroidism," "Graves' Eye Disease," and "Thyroid Disease in Childhood." They have a bibliography of articles and books that are available to members. Call or write to the above address or telephone number for order form and price list. The Foundation collect information on Physicians and researchers who treat/study the condition and disseminate this information to their members. Additionally, they host an annual general meeting which will be held on June 7-9, 1996 in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Call for further information.

7. HealthCentral.com - Centers - - Thyroid Disorders Illustrations, definitions, causes, risk factors, symptoms, tests, and treatment, from HealthCentral.com. http://www.healthcentral.com/centers/OneCenter.cfm?center=Thyroid_Disorders

8. THE MERCK MANUAL OF GERIATRICS, Sec. 8, Ch. 65, Thyroid Disorders Chapter 65. thyroid disorders. Contributor David Solomon The prevalence of hypothyroidismand thyroid nodules increases dramatically in elderly persons. http://www.merck.com/pubs/mm_geriatrics/sec8/ch65.htm

Section 8. Metabolic and Endocrine Disorders this section includes Chapter 57. Disorders of Water and Electrolyte Balance Chapter 58. Disorders of Mineral Metabolism Chapter 59. Disorders of Acid-Base Metabolism Chapter 60. Vitamin and Trace Mineral Disorders ... Chapter 67. Hyperthermia and Hypothermia Chapter 65. Thyroid Disorders Contributor: David Solomon The prevalence of hypothyroidism and thyroid nodules increases dramatically in elderly persons. Although the prevalence of hyperthyroidism is similar for younger and elderly patients, its presentation in elderly patients may be nonspecific and it may be difficult to diagnose. Thyroid Function in Normal Aging The thyroid gland produces thyroxine (T ) and triiodothyronine (T ). With age, the thyroid gland undergoes moderate atrophy and develops nonspecific histopathologic abnormalities: fibrosis, increasing numbers of colloid nodules, and some lymphocytic infiltration. Production of T decreases by about 30% between young adulthood and advanced age. However, because serum T levels remain unchanged with age, the decrease in T

9. Vitiligo Society Uk - Loss Of Skin Colour Vitiligo results in a loss of skin color. Vitiligo usually occurs in families, and may sometimes also involve diabetes, thyroid disorders, and some other conditions. http://www.vitiligosociety.org.uk/

Promoting a positive approach to living with vitiligo We recommend that new visitors follow through the 'About Vitiligo' section (3 pages) that starts below and which takes a question and answer format. This may answer many of your queries. Other areas of this site deal with such things as events research grants membership etc. Vitiligo is quite a common skin condition which can cause extreme distress to sufferers because of its unusual appearance. It affects at least one in every hundred people in countries throughout the world including the UK. It affects people of both sexes equally, and it affects all races. It can begin at any age, though about fifty percent of people with vitiligo develop it before the age of twenty five. You cannot catch vitiligo. It is not infectious. Alternative text navigation Intro Genes Treatment Camouflage ... Enquiries Site design and maintenance by YellowRed

10. Major Aspects Of Growth In Children (MAGIC) An organization providing support and education regarding growth disorders in children and related adult disorders. Includes Growth Hormone Deficiency, Barth Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Precocious Puberty, RussellSilver Syndrome, Turner Syndrome, thyroid disorders Septo Optic Dysplasia, McCune-Albright Syndrome, and Rare Disorder/Hypophosphatasia. http://www.magicfoundation.org/

11. Endocrinology And Thyroid Disorders Endocrinology and thyroid disorders What are thyroid disorders? thyroid disorders are among the most common endocrine disorders. http://www.endo-society.org/pubrelations/patientInfo/thyroid.htm

12. SPINA: Structure Parameter Inference Approach Reference information, mailing list and software on SPINA, a method to calculate constant structure parameters of endocrine feedback control systems from hormone levels obtained in vivo. A first application covers thyroid disorders. http://link.medinn.med.uni-muenchen.de/spina/en/

Introduction S PINA (Structure Parameter Inference Approach), a method to calculate constant structure parameters of endocrine feedback control systems from hormone levels obtained in vivo , has been applied in a prototypical implementation for the evaluation of the thyroid function. This application allows for calculating the thyroid's maximum secretion capacity and the sum activity of the peripheral 5'-deiodinase from the levels of TSH, FT4 and FT3 determined only once. Please use the navigation bar in this window's left to get informed about SPINA's theory and practice and to perform calculations from your patients' data. Introduction Principles of the method Clinical appraisal Calculate online and Download ... Imprint link.medinn.med.uni-muenchen.de For technical assistance please apply to dietrich@medinn.med.uni-muenchen.de

13. Thyroid Disorders A short frequently asked questions from the National Women's Health Information Center.Category Health Conditions and Diseases Endocrine Disorders Thyroid......thyroid disorders. Printerfriendly version PDF file, 169 Kb. What arethe different types of thyroid disorders? thyroid disorders include http://www.4woman.gov/faq/thyroid_disease.htm

Search our database by Health Topic or enter your own keywords THYROID DISORDERS Printer-friendly version PDF file, 169 Kb] What is the thyroid and why should I worry about it? What are the different types of thyroid disorders? What are the signs of a thyroid disorder? How are thyroid disorders treated? ... Hashimoto's Disease What is the thyroid and why should I worry about it? The thyroid is a small gland in the neck, just under the Adam's apple. Shaped like a butterfly, the thyroid plays an important role in a person's health and affects every organ, tissue, and cell in the body. It makes hormones that help to regulate the body's metabolism (how the body uses and stores energy from foods eaten) and organ functions. When the thyroid is not working properly (called thyroid disorder ), it can affect your body weight, energy level, muscle strength, skin health, menstrual cycle (periods), memory, heart rate, and cholesterol level. Thyroid disorders happen: when the thyroid gland is not as active as it should be (called underactive thyroid ); when the thyroid is more active than it should be (called

14. Frequently Asked Questions About Women’s Health Myasthenia Gravis; Psoriasis; thyroid disorders. Cancer, Cancer Treatment,Cancer Detection. thyroid disorders. Pain (Chronic Conditions Treatment). http://www.4woman.gov/faq/

Search our database by Health Topic or enter your own keywords by category on this page. The magnifying glass symbol ( ) indicates items which have an easy-to-read version available. The printer symbol ( ) indicates items which have a printer friendly (.pdf) version available. You can also browse all FAQ titles in alphabetical order FAQ Categories: Access to Health Care Adolescent Health Autoimmune Diseases Cancer, Cancer Treatment, Cancer Detection ... Violence Access to Health Care Health Insurance Health Care Access and African American Women Health Care Access and Hispanic American Women Health Care Access and American Indian/Alaska Native Women ... Clinical Trials (Research) Adolescent Health Adolescent Health: Overview Acne Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Calcium Intake ... Teen Pregnancy Autoimmune Diseases Autoimmune Diseases: Overview Allergies Arthritis Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ... Thyroid Disorders Cancer, Cancer Treatment, Cancer Detection Cancer: Overview Breast Cancer Breast Cancer and African American Women Breast Cancer and Asian American/Pacific Islander Women ... Uterine Cancer Circulatory System (Related to Blood) Anemia Bleeding Disorders High Blood Cholesterol High Blood Pressure ... Raynaud's Phenomenon Diabetes Diabetes: Overview Diabetes and African American Women Diabetes and American Indian/Alaska Native Women Diabetes and Hispanic American Women ... Urinary Incontinence Environmental Health Allergies Anthrax Cosmetic Contamination Cosmetic Products and Hair Dyes ... Tuberculosis Kidney and Urinary Tract/Bladder Disorders

15. THYROID DISORDERS Short description of hypo and hyper- parathyroidism. Columbia University College of Physicians and Category Health Conditions and Diseases Hypoparathyroidism......Diabetes and Other Endocrine Disorders thyroid disorders. PARAthyroid disorders Theparathyroid glands are located on the back and side of each thyroid lobe. http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/guide/hmg21_0012.html

Diabetes and Other Endocrine Disorders THYROID DISORDERS The thyroid is a small, butterfly-shaped gland that lies over the trachea (windpipe) just below the larynx (see figure 21.17 ). The thyroid differs from other endocrine glands in that it requires an outside substance, iodine, to produce its hormone, thyroxine. Thyrotropin, a pituitary hormone, stimulates the thyroid to secrete thyroxine. A well-functioning thyroid requires a properly functioning pituitary, a small but steady supply of iodine, and, of course, normal pathways of hormone synthesis. Thyroid hormone affects virtually all metabolic processes; too much thyroid hormone speeds up metabolism while too little slows it down. In either instance, the disorder may be caused by an enlargement of the thyroid gland itself, known as goiter. In the past, iodine deficiency was the most common cause of thyroid disease, but today iodine is readily available, either from foods or in supplements added to salt in areas where foods are deficient in this mineral. OVERACTIVE THYROID (HYPERTHYROIDISM, GRAVES' DISEASE)

16. Diabetes And Other Endocrine Disorders MilkProduction Abnormalities. Galactorrhea Amenorrhea Infertility Relatedto Endocrine System Malfunction. thyroid disorders. Overactive http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/texts/guide/toc/toc21.html

Hormones Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus Normal Hormonal Regulation of Glucose ... Summing Up Diabetes and Other Endocrine Disorders Donald A. Holub, M.D. and Thomas Jacobs, M.D.

17. Dr. Martin K. Jones Specializes in pregnancy complicated by diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disorders and nonpregnancy related conditions such as abnormal bleeding, precancerous cervical cells, infertility, hysteroscopy, hysterectomy, laparoscopy. http://www.cbjw.com/jones/

18. WebMD - Thyroid Disorders: Brunilda Nazario, MD thyroid disorders Brunilda Nazario, MD thyroid disorders can wreak havocon your body. Producing too little thyroid hormone (hypothyroidism http://boards.webmd.com/topic.asp?topic_id=1173

19. Tired? Depressed? Check Your Thyroid A basic description of thyroid disorders. http://www.mentalhealth.com/mag1/p51-thyr.html

Mood Disorders Tired? Depressed? Check Your Thyroid By Paula Dranov Condensed from American Health (May '94) When This Gland Goes Haywire, Watch Out Julie Amato of Simsbury, Conn., had been a high-energy person. "I ran five to seven miles a day and was always the one to say 'Go, go, go.'" But things changed after the birth of her first child, and Amato, 35, felt "horrible. My hands and feet were always cold. My periods were much heavier, and I had so little energy that just getting up the stairs was a major effort. I thought I was dying." Finally she saw a doctor "who took one look at me and said, 'It's your thyroid.'" A blood test confirmed Amato was hypothyroid - her thyroid gland was underactive, producing too little thyroid hormone. With daily treatment her energy level has gradually increased." Ann Maltz, 37, of Houston was also a new mother. "I was jittery, my hair was falling out, I wasn't sleeping and my heart seemed to be racing," she remembers. Like Amato - and many other women - Maltz blamed the stress of motherhood. One day, while she was going downstairs, her legs slid out from under her. She was too weak to stand. From the swollen appearance of her neck, Maltz's physician suspected a thyroid problem. Tests confirmed it: Her thyroid was on fast-forward, producing too much hormone. Maltz now feels fine after treatment for hyperthyroidism.

20. Dr. Imran Ahmed Offers information on diabetes, infertility, thyroid disorders, infertility and hepatitis. http://physician.8k.com/

Free Web site hosting - Freeservers.com Dr. Imran Ahmed M.B.B.S. M.C.P.S. (Pak) M.D. (U.S.A) Fellowship Specialist in Diabetes, Thyroid Problems, Infertility and Other Endocrine Disorders. Medical Specialist Diabetes Mellitus It is a disease due to absolute or relative Insulin Deficiency and/or Peripheral Insulin Resistance, leading to increase blood sugar levels MORE INFO Thyroid Disorders Extremely important gland found in the neck region contributes to our daily activity. Increase or decrease functioning of this gland may lead to disturbance of various body functions. MORE INFO Infertility A couple who fails to conceive after 2 years of marriage despite avoiding contraceptive techniques comes under category of Infertility MORE INFO Hepatitis Hepatitis B and C are getting very common in Pakistan these days. In both diseases the virus often causes destruction of liver cells MORE INFO Are you Click here ! Latest News about diabetes

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