41. Nobel Prize Winners : Physics nobel Prize Winners in Physics. Year, Article, Country*, Achievement. 1981,bloembergen, nicolaas, US, applications of lasers in spectroscopy. http://www.emsb.qc.ca/laurenhill/science/nobelph.html

Nobel Prize Winners in Physics Year Article Country* Achievement Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad Germany discovery of X rays Lorentz, Hendrik Antoon The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Zeeman, Pieter The Netherlands investigation of the influence of magnetism on radiation Becquerel, Henri France discovery of spontaneous radioactivity Curie, Marie France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Curie, Pierre France investigations of radiation phenomena discovered by Becquerel Rayleigh (of Terling Place), John William Strutt, 3rd Baron U.K. discovery of argon Lenard, Philipp Germany research on cathode rays Thomson, Sir J.J. U.K. researches into electrical conductivity of gases Michelson, A.A. U.S. spectroscopic and metrological investigations Lippmann, Gabriel France photographic reproduction of colours Braun, Ferdinand Germany development of wireless telegraphy Marconi, Guglielmo Italy development of wireless telegraphy Waals, Johannes Diederik van der The Netherlands research concerning the equation of state of gases and liquids Wien, Wilhelm

42. NONLINEAR OPTICS NONLINEAR OPTICS (4th Edition) by nicolaas bloembergen (Harvard) nicolaas bloembergen,recipient of the nobel Prize for Physics (1981), wrote Nonlinear Optics http://www.wspc.com/books/chaos/3046.html

Home Browse by Subject Bestsellers New Titles ... Browse all Subjects Search Keyword Author Concept ISBN Series New Titles Editor's Choice Bestsellers Book Series ... Join Our Mailing List NONLINEAR OPTICS by Nicolaas Bloembergen (Harvard) Nicolaas Bloembergen, recipient of the Nobel Prize for Physics (1981), wrote Nonlinear Optics in 1964, when the field of nonlinear optics was only three years old. The available literature has since grown by at least three orders of magnitude. The vitality of Nonlinear Optics is evident from the still-growing number of scientists and engineers engaged in the study of new nonlinear phenomena and in the development of new nonlinear devices in the field of opto-electronics. This monograph should be helpful in providing a historical introduction and a general background of basic ideas both for experts specializing in this discipline and for scientists and students who wish to become acquainted with it. This is the fourth reprint and includes new references to the recent literature. Contents: Classical Introduction Quantum Theory of Nonlinear Susceptibilities Maxwell's Equations in Nonlinear Media Wave Propagation in Nonlinear Media Experimental Results Conclusion Readership: Students and researchers in nonlinear optics and condensed matter physics.

43. Nobel Prize Winners In Physics nobel Prize Winners in Physics. Physics 1901. bloembergen, nicolaas, USA,Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, * 1920 (in the Netherlands); and. http://www.slcc.edu/schools/hum_sci/physics/whatis/nobel.html

Nobel Prize Winners in Physics Physics 1901 R~NTGEN, WILHELM CONRAD, Germany, Munich University,* 1845, + 1923: "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him". Physics 1902 The prize was awarded jointly to: LORENTZ, HENDRIK ANTOON, the Netherlands, Leyden University, * 1853, + 1928; and ZEEMAN, PIETER, the Netherlands, Amsterdam University, * 1865, + 1943: "in recognition of the extraordinary service they rendered by their researches into the influence of magnetism upon radiation phenomena". Physics 1903 The prize was divided, one half being awarded to: BECQUEREL, ANTOINE HENRI, France, äcole Polytechnique, Paris, * 1852, + 1908: "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his discovery of spontaneous radioactivity"; the other half jointly to: CURIE, PIERRE, France, äcole municipale de physique et de chimie industrielles, (Municipal School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry), Paris, * 1859, + 1906; and his wife CURIE, MARIE, n»e SKLODOWSKA, France, * 1867 (in Warsaw, Poland), + 1934: "in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel".

44. Ëàóðåàòû Íîáåëåâñêèõ ïðåìèé ïî ôèçèêå Alphabetical listing of nobel prize laureates in Physics. Name. Year Awarded. Alfven,Hannes, 1970. Bloch, Felix, 1952. bloembergen, nicolaas, 1981. Bohr, Aage, 1975. http://orel.rsl.ru/archiv/nob_ph.htm

PHYSICS Alphabetical listing of Nobel prize laureates in Physics Nobel Prize in Physics Winners 1996-1901 Alphabetical listing of Nobel prize laureates in Physics Name Year Awarded Alfven, Hannes Alvarez, Luis W. Anderson, Carl David Anderson, Philip W. Appleton, Sir Edward Victor Bardeen, John Bardeen, John Barkla, Charles Glover Basov, Nicolay Gennadiyevich Becquerel, Antoine Henri Bednorz, J. Georg Bethe, Hans Albrecht Binnig, Gerd Blackett, Lord Patrick Maynard Stuart Bloch, Felix Bloembergen, Nicolaas Bohr, Aage Bohr, Niels Born, Max Bothe, Walther Bragg, Sir William Henry Bragg, Sir William Lawrence Brattain, Walter Houser Braun, Carl Ferdinand Bridgman, Percy Williams Brockhouse, Bertram N. Chadwick, Sir James Chamberlain, Owen Chandrasekhar, Subramanyan Charpak, Georges Cherenkov, Pavel Alekseyevich Chu, Steven Cockcroft, Sir John Douglas Cohen-Tannoudji, Claude Compton, Arthur Holly Cooper, Leon N. Curie, Marie Curie, Pierre Dalen, Nils Gustaf Davisson, Clinton Joseph De Broglie, Prince Louis-Victor De Gennes, Pierre-Gilles Dehmelt, Hans G.

45. Sigma Xi: The Scientific Research Society: Nobel Laureates About Sigma Xi » Overview » nobel Laureates A. Penzias 1978 Robert Wilson 1979 SheldonL. Glashow 1979 Steven Weinberg 1981 nicolaas bloembergen 1982 Kenneth http://www.sigmaxi.org/about/overview/nobel.shtml

Overview Leadership Organization News ... Contact Us About: Overview Leadership Organization News Support Sigma Xi ... Contact Us Search: Site Map Home Overview Physics 1907 Albert Michelson 1921 Albert Einstein 1923 Robert A. Millikan 1925 James Franck 1927 Arthur H. Compton 1936 Carl D. Anderson 1937 Clinton J. Davisson 1938 Enrico Fermi 1939 Ernest O. Lawrence 1943 Otto Stern 1944 Isidor Isaac Rabi 1945 Wolfgang Pauli 1946 Percy Williams Bridgman 1952 Felix Bloch 1952 Edward M. Purcell 1955 Polykarp Kusch 1955 Willis E. Lamb, Jr. 1956 John Bardeen 1956 Walter H. Brattain 1956 William Shockley 1957 Chen Ning Yang 1958 Igor Y. Tamm 1959 Owen Chamberlain 1959 Emilio G. Segre 1960 Donald A. Glaser 1961 Robert Hofstadter 1963 Eugene P. Wigner

46. Physics At The Idea Channel Holton, Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics at Harvard University and nicolaas bloembergen,Professor Emeritus at Harvard University and 1981 nobel Prize winner http://www.ideachannel.com/Physics.htm

Palmer R. Chitester Fund The Idea Channel Free To Choose In The Classroom "I am very pleased to discover that you have a page dedicated to Freidrich von Hayek...Hayek was my grandfather and I am keen to find out much about him and his work. To be able to actually see him talking is wonderful. Thank you." CJJL von Hayek Physics Condensed Matter Physics read abstract Professor Shivaji Sondhi and Dr. Philip W. Anderson, 1977 Nobel Prize Winner in Physics. Taped at Princeton University. ©1999 54 min. Order Books Anderson RealVideo download A Conversation with Philip Anderson read abstract Dr. Philip W. Anderson, 1977 Nobel Prize Winner in Physics and Dan Kevles, Professor of the Humanities, California Institute of Technology. Taped at Princeton University. ©1999 53 min. Order Books Anderson RealVideo download How Scientists and Non-Scientists Look at Science read abstract David Salisbury, a science writer for the Stanford University News Service and Dr. Douglas Osheroff, 1996 Nobel Prize winner in Physics discuss the different views scientists and non-scientists have about science. ©1999 60 min Order Books Salisbury RealVideo download The New Science of Cosmology read abstract Dr. Charles Townes, 1964 Nobel Prize winner in Physics and Dr. Marc Davis. Professor of Physics and Astronomy at UC Berkeley discuss the new science of Cosmology. ©1993 31 min

47. The Idea Channel, Physics Nobel Video Archive nobel Video Archive. Philip Anderson, 1977. Condensed Matter Physics A Conversationwith Philip Anderson. nicolaas bloembergen, 1981. Science and Society, http://www.ideachannel.com/Nobel/physics.htm

Palmer R. Chitester Fund The Idea Channel Free To Choose In The Classroom "I am very pleased to discover that you have a page dedicated to Freidrich von Hayek...Hayek was my grandfather and I am keen to find out much about him and his work. To be able to actually see him talking is wonderful. Thank you." CJJL von Hayek Nobel Video Archive Chemistry Economics Literature Med./Physiology ... Physics Philip Anderson Condensed Matter Physics A Conversation with Philip Anderson Nicolaas Bloembergen Science and Society Leon Cooper Jerome Friedman Leon Lederman Douglas Osheroff How Scientists and Non-Scientists Look at Science William Phillips Norman Ramsey Mel Schwartz Jack Steinberger Horst Stormer Charles Townes Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence The New Science of Cosmology Steven Weinberg You must have a Real Player to see and hear our programs. All book searches provided by Astronomy Biology Campus Life Chemistry ... Sociology Phone: 1-800-388-0662 or 814-464-9068 Fax: 814-464-9069 E-Mail: info@ideachannel.com

48. Boston Globe Online / Table Of Contents nicolaas bloembergen, yesterday was named corecipient of the 1981 NobelPrize in Physics for work leading to development of lasers. http://www.boston.com/globe/search/stories/nobel/1981/1981e.html

Archives Big Dig Book Reviews Boston Capital ... Week in Photos Search the Globe: Today Yesterday HARVARD PHYSICIST SHARES NOBEL PRIZE Author: By Robert Cooke Globe Staff Date: Tuesday, October 20, 1981 Page: Section: RUN OF PAPER A pioneering physicist at Harvard, Prof. Nicolaas Bloembergen, yesterday was named co-recipient of the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physics for work leading to development of lasers. Bloembergen, 61, of Lexington, will share half of the award with Prof. Arthur Schawlow of Stanford University. The other half goes to Kai Siegbahn of Uppsala University in Sweden. Also yesterday, the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences announced that Prof. Roald Hoffman of Cornell University and Prof. Kenichi Fukui of Kyoto University in Japan, had won the 1981 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. The two Nobel Prizes are worth $180,000 each, and will be split among the recipients. Bloembergen, who came to Harvard to work with Prof. Edward Purcell in 1949, was given the award, the academy said, "for the development of laser spectroscopy." This work, he said during a news conference, involves study of the interaction of light with matter.

49. PHYSICS 1012 Homepage nicolaas bloembergen won the nobel Prize for Physics in 1981 for developinglaser technology to study the form of complex forms of matter. http://ray.crk.umn.edu/physics/1012/

PHYSICS INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS AT THE UMC Thursday, April 17, 2003 (St. Rudolph's day) This is the home page and distribution site for Physics 1012 . The study notes for each lesson, the laboratory worksheets and all assignments including homework are made available from this web site. See Sample Test 1 for review. Course Information Getting Started General Information Lesson Preparation Exercises Homework Assignments ... Schedule a Tutor Instructor Dr. David DeMuth Email: demuth@umn.edu Office University of Minnesota, Crookston 215-C Dowell Hall Crookston Campus Semester Schedule Telephone: 218.281.8259 Toll Free: 800.UMC.MINN x8259 Fax: 218.281.8050 Office Hours : Before and after class, or by appointment Notable Links American Universities Britannica Online Stardate Online The Nobel Prize in Physics ... Selected Science Articles from the NY Times The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. The views and opinions expressed in this page are strictly those of the page author. The contents of this page have not been reviewed or approved by the University of Minnesota. Last modified: Tue Feb 11 12:08:26 CST 2003 The URL of this page is http://ray.crk.umn.edu/physics/1012/

50. 20th Century Year By Year 1981 nobel Prizes. Physics The prize was awarded by one half jointly to bloembergen,nicolaas, USA, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, b. 1920 (in the Netherlands http://www.multied.com/20th/1981.html

Major Event/ Sports Nobel Prizes Pulitzer Prizes ... Popular Book s / Popular Television Shows Popular Music/ Grammy Awards/ Tony Awards Major Events of 1981 Pope John Paul II shot twice Mitterand elected French premire Martial law in Poland Israel destroys Iraq's nuclear reactor ... First woman elected to the Supreme Court First Space Shuttle flight Anwar Sadat Assasinated Sports Highlights NBA: Boston Celtics vs. Houston Rockets Series: 4-2 NCAA Football: Clemson Record: 12-0-0 Heisman Trophy: Marcus Allen, usc, RB points: 1,797 Stanley Cup: New York Islanders vs. Minnesota Northstars Series: 4-1 Super Bowl XV: Oakland Raiders vs. Philadelphia Eagles Score: 27-10 US Open Golf: David Graham Score: 273 Course: Merion GC Location: Ardmore, PA World Series: Los Angeles Dodgers vs. New York Yankees Series: 4-2 Popular Music 1."The Tide is High" ... Blondie 2."Celebration" ... Kool and the Gang 3."9 to 5" ... Dolly Parton 4."I Love a Rainy Night" ... Eddie Rabbit 5."Keep on Loving You" ... REO Speedwagon

51. AFOSR Nobel Winners Air Force Office of Scientific Research nobel Prize Winners Sponsored by AFOSR. 1958.nicolaas bloembergen Harvard University, Cambridge, MA. Physics. http://www.afosr.af.mil/afrnobel.htm

Text Version of Site Nobel Prize Winners Sponsored by AFOSR Name and Institution Scientific Discipline and "Award Citation Excerpt" Year Prize Awarded Year AFOSR Support Began Supported by AFOSR Before They Won the Prize Polykarp Kusch Columbia University, New York, NY Physics "precision determination of the magnetic moment of the electron" Willis Eugene Lamb Stanford University, Stanford, CA Physics "discoveries concerning the fine structure of the hydrogen spectrum" John Bardeen University of Illinois, Urbana, IL Physics "researches on semiconductors and their discovery of the transistor effect" Willard F. Libby University of California, Los Angeles, CA Chemistry "method to use carbon-14 for age determination in archaeology, geology, geophysics, and other branches of science" Robert Hofstadter Stanford University, Stanford, CA Physics "pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons" Eugene Paul Wigner Princeton University

52. Encyclopædia Britannica L. American physicist and corecipient, with nicolaas bloembergen of the UnitedStates and Kai Manne Börje Siegbahn of Sweden, of the 1981 nobel Prize for http://search.britannica.com/search?query=laser spectroscopy

53. The Nobel Prize For Physics (1901-1998) watch the nobel Foundation web site at http//www.nobel.se Kai M. Seigbahn High resolutionelectron spectroscopy 1962 nicolaas bloembergen Laser spectroscopy http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/physics/Administrivia/nobel.html

[Physics FAQ] Updated October 1998 by Nathan Urban. Updated 1997,96 by PEG. Updated 1994 by SIC. Original by Scott I. Chase. The Nobel Prize for Physics (1901-1998) The following is a complete listing of Nobel Prize awards, from the first award in 1901. Prizes were not awarded in every year. The date in brackets is the approximate date of the work. The description following the names is an abbreviation of the official citation. The Physics prize is announced near the beginning of October each year. One of the quickest ways to get the announcement is to watch the Nobel Foundation web site at http://www.nobel.se

54. 41 Nobel Laureates Sign Against A War Without International Support In October 1999, 32 nobel laureates in physics urged the Senate to approve theComprehensive Test Ban Treaty, calling it central to nicolaas bloembergen P. http://www.commondreams.org/headlines03/0128-01.htm

Home Newswire About Us Donate ... Archives Headlines Published on Tuesday, January 28, 2003 by the New York Times 41 Nobel Laureates Sign Against a War Without International Support by William J. Broad Forty-one American Nobel laureates in science and economics issued a declaration yesterday opposing a preventive war against Iraq without wide international support. The statement, four sentences long, argues that an American attack would ultimately hurt the security and standing of the United States, even if it succeeds. The signers, all men, include a number who at one time or another have advised the federal government or played important roles in national security. Among them are Hans A. Bethe, an architect of the atom bomb; Walter Kohn, a former adviser to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency at the Pentagon; Norman F. Ramsey, a Manhattan Project scientist who readied the Hiroshima bomb and later advised NATO; and Charles H. Townes, former research director of the Institute for Defense Analyses at the Pentagon and chairman of a federal panel that studied how to base the MX missile and its nuclear warheads. In addition to winning Nobel prizes, 18 of the signers have received the National Medal of Science, the nation's highest science honor.

55. FOR- News And Current Events the 100th anniversary of the nobel prize, 100 nobel laureates have Medicine, 1988Guenter Blobel Physiology/Medicine, 1999 nicolaas bloembergen Physics, 1981 http://www.forusa.org/News/NobelStatement1201.html

Veterans Call to Conscience Phil Berrigan, 12/6/02 No War With Iraq! Israel/Palestine: STOP THE VIOLENCE! ... Nobel Laureates Statement ABOUT THE FOR Become a Member Contact Donate FOR Headquarters ... Vision and Mission Statements PROGRAMS IRAQ Interfaith PeaceBuilders Latin America ... Peace Prizes ACTION NEWS EMAIL Subscribe! FELLOWSHIP MAGAZINE Fellowship Home Page Subscribe Interfaith Peace Quotes ... Writings on Peace LINKS Links to other web sites ONLINE STORE Books Bumper Stickers Calendars Gifts ... Videos Statement of 100 Nobel Laureates OSLO, Norway-December 7, 2001 (OTVNewswire) At the Nobel Peace Prize Centennial Symposium here yesterday celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Nobel prize, 100 Nobel laureates have issued a brief but dire warning of the "profound dangers" facing the world. Their statement predicts that our security depends on immediate environmental and social reform. The following is the text of their statement: THE STATEMENT: The most profound danger to world peace in the coming years will stem not from the irrational acts of states or individuals but from the legitimate demands of the world's dispossessed. Of these poor and disenfranchised, the majority live a marginal existence in equatorial climates. Global warming, not of their making but originating with the wealthy few, will affect their fragile ecologies most. Their situation will be desperate and manifestly unjust.

56. Premios Nobel De La Física Translate this page PREMIOS nobel DE LA FÍSICA SIGLO XX 1901 Wilhelm Rontgen. 1925 James Franck. GustavHertz. John Bardeen. Walter Brattain. 1981 nicolaas bloembergen. Arthur Schawlow. http://rsta.pucmm.edu.do/ciencias/fisica/nobel/premios_nobel_de_la_física.htm

PREMIOS NOBEL DE LA FÍSICA SIGLO XX Wilhelm Rontgen James Franck Gustav Hertz Cecil Powell ... Martinus J.G. Veltman Alfred Nóbel Premios Nóbel de Física Siglo XX Premios Nóbel de Física Siglo XXI

57. PhysicsWeb - Nobel Laureates Oppose War Against Iraq Fortyone American nobel laureates have signed a declaration opposing war with PhilipW Anderson, Hans A Bethe, nicolaas bloembergen, Owen Chamberlain, Leon N http://physicsweb.org/article/news/7/1/14

Advanced site search news January February March April May June July August September October November December Show summaries quick search Search the news archive. Previous News for January 2003 Next Nobel laureates oppose war against Iraq 29 January 2003 Forty-one American Nobel laureates have signed a declaration opposing war with Iraq. The declaration was organised by Walter Kohn, a theoretical physicist at the University of California at Santa Barbara, and former adviser to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency at the Pentagon. The signatories include 19 winners of the physics prize. The declaration reads: "The undersigned oppose a preventive war against Iraq without broad international support. Military operations against Iraq may indeed lead to a relatively swift victory in the short term. But war is characterized by surprise, human loss and unintended consequences. Even with a victory, we believe that the medical, economic, environmental, moral, spiritual, political and legal consequences of an American preventive attack on Iraq would undermine, not protect, US security and standing in the world." The signatories include Norman Ramsey, who worked on the Manhattan Project, and Charles Townes, a former research director of the Institute for Defense Analyses at the Pentagon. Townes was also chairman of a federal panel that studied nuclear warheads.

58. Nobel Prize Turns 100: In Memory Of Stanford's Deceased Laureates Arthur L. Schawlow, physics (1981); died 1999; with nicolaas bloembergen fortheir contribution to the development of laser spectroscopy. Schawlow, a http://news-service.stanford.edu/news/october3/nobel-deceased-103.html

Contact Stanford Report News Service Press Releases Stanford Report, October 3, 2001 In memory of Stanford's deceased laureates Felix Bloch, physics (1952); died 1983; with Edward Mills Purcell "for their development of new methods for nuclear magnetic precision measurements and discoveries in connection therewith." Bloch, a professor of physics, came to Stanford in 1934 and became emeritus in 1971. Paul Flory, chemistry (1974); died 1985; "for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules." Flory, a professor of chemistry, came to Stanford in 1961 and became emeritus in 1975. Robert Hofstadter, physics (1961); died 1990; "for his pioneering studies of electron scattering in atomic nuclei and for his thereby achieved discoveries concerning the structure of the nucleons." Hofstadter, a professor of physics, came to Stanford in 1950 and became emeritus in 1985. Linus C. Pauling, chemistry (1954); peace (1962); died 1994; at the time of the awards at the California Institute of Technology; chemistry: "for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances"; peace: for his efforts to bring about an international ban on nuclear testing and to promote world peace. Pauling, a professor of chemistry, came to Stanford in 1969 and became emeritus in 1975.

59. International Recognition Of Croatia, Nobel Prize An Appeal by 104 nobel Laureates. FOR PEACE IN CROATIA. nicolaas bloembergen,physics, 1981; Willy Brandt, peace, 1971; Joseph Brodsky, literature, 1987; http://www.hr/darko/etf/nobel.html

Nobel Prize winners against the aggression on Croatia Many people throughout the world contributed to the international recognition of Croatia (January 15, 1992). We would like to present a list of 104 Nobel prize winners (in alphabetic order) who signed an appeal to stop the aggression of the Yugoslav Army on Croatia that started in 1991 (The New York Times, January 14th, 1992). We do this we the feeling of deepest gratitude. An Appeal by 104 Nobel Laureates FOR PEACE IN CROATIA During the past several weeks the Yugoslav Army has escalated its war against Croatia. Dozens of villages have been razed. Many historical monuments have been destroyed. Several cities, including Croatia's capital of Zagreb, have been bombed. Over 2,000* people have been killed. The undeclared war has already produced more than 100,000* refugees. The violence and destruction unleashed in Croatia is on a scale unknown in Europe since the Second World War. Innocent civilians are massacred. Hospitals and places of worship are destroyed. Conscience demands that we raise our voices against this senseless war. We appeal to the Western and Eastern governments to stop the Yugoslav Army wanton destruction.

60. So Biografias: Nobel Fisica 4 Translate this page Lista dos Ganhadores dos Prêmio nobel de Física (continuação) 1981 Trêsganhadores nicolaas bloembergen / ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW / KAIM SIEGBAHN http://www.sobiografias.hpg.ig.com.br/RolNobF4.html

Lista dos Ganhadores dos Dois ganhadores: BURTON RICHTER SAMUEL CHAO CHUNG TING psi PHILIP WARREN ANDERSON SIR NEVILL FRANCIS MOTT JOHN HASBROUCK VAN VLECK ... STEVEN WEINBERG Desenvolvimento da teoria do campo unificado. Dois ganhadores: JAMES WATSON CRONIN VAL LOGSDON FITCH NICOLAAS BLOEMBERGEN ARTHUR L. SCHAWLOW ... KENNETH G. WILSON Dois ganhadores: SUBRAHMANYAN CHANDRASEKHAR WILLIAM ALFRED FOWLER Dois ganhadores: CARLO RUBBIA SIMON VAN DER MEER KLAUS VON KLITZING ERNST RUSKA ... HEINRICH ROHRER Dois ganhadores: JOHANNES GEORG BEDNORZ LEON MAX LEDERMAN MELVIN SCHWARTZ JACK STEINBERGER Descoberta de neutrinos. NORMAN FOSTER RAMSEY HANS G. DEHMELT WOLFGANG PAUL JEROME ISAAC FRIEDMAN ... GEORGES CHARPAK Dois ganhadores: RUSSELL ALAN HULSE JOSEPH HOOTON TAYLOR JR. Dois ganhadores: BERTRAM N. BROCKHOUSE CLIFFORD GLENWOOD SHULL Dois ganhadores: MARTIN L. PERL FREDERICK REINES DAVID M. LEE DOUGLAS D. OSHEROFF ... DANIEL C. TSUI Dois ganhadores: GERARDUS 'T HOOFT MARTINUS J. G. VELTMAN ZHORES I. ALFEROV HERBERT KROEMER ... CARL WIEMAN Bose-Einstein o C).

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