61. NRDC - Global Warming NRDC advocates dramatic reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases in the U.S. and abroad as well as the adoption and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. Includes fact sheets, reports, and links. http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/

From sweltering heat to rising sea levels, global warming's effects have already begun. But solutions are in sight. We know where most heat-trapping gases come from: power plants and vehicles. And we know how to limit their emissions: through advanced technologies and stronger laws. NRDC experts are fighting on many fronts to put these fixes in place. By shifting the perception of global warming from an abstract threat to a pressing reality, and helping citizens take action. By pressing business and industry to consume less energy and build more efficient products. And by working for laws that will speed these innovations. Together, these actions form a practical, economical approach to solving this urgent problem. And join us in defending the earth Energy Transportation T u r n u p t h e h e a t: FIGHT GLOBAL WARMING We have the know-how to solve global warming. It's time to get it done. Turn Up The Heat Campaign News NRDC and ski industry join forces to Keep Winter Cool Bill Clinton and Rolling Stones spotlight global warming Senators launch bi-partisan attack on global warming Global Warming 101 What it is, how it's caused, and what needs to be done to stop it.

62. Www.nytimes.com/2003/01/20/politics/20CLIM.html Similar pages Global WarmingUnderstanding greenhouse gases for Education and Name of Product Global Warming Understanding greenhouse gases Software XWebBased (check one) Publishing/Parent Company Seeds Software System http://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/20/politics/20CLIM.html

January 20, 2003 International National Washington Campaigns ... REGISTER NOW. It's Free! Today's News Past Week Past 30 Days Past 90 Days Past Year Since 1996 U.S. Is Pressuring Industries to Cut Greenhouse Gases By ANDREW C. REVKIN n an aggressive effort to show that President Bush's voluntary climate strategy can work, senior administration officials are traveling the country collecting written promises from industries to curb emissions of gases linked to global warming. White House officials, insisting on concrete commitments measured in tons of gases, have rejected written offers from some industry groups to take nonspecific actions, several industry officials said. The administration and industry leaders plan to unveil a broad array of pledges at the White House on Feb. 6. This is the administration's latest and most intensive effort to demonstrate that voluntarily controlling emissions can make mandatory reductions unnecessary. Mr. Bush has said such reductions will harm the economy. The effort has no teeth, officials and company representatives say, other than the growing realization in industry that without measurable success from voluntary reductions, it will become ever harder in coming years to stave off legislation requiring companies to act. Senators of both parties introduced such legislation in Congress this month, and states are acting on their own as well. The administration's intent, once all the industries' commitments are tallied, is to meet Mr. Bush's stated goal: an 18 percent reduction, by 2012, in emissions of greenhouse gases for each unit of gross domestic product. Overall emissions would continue to grow, but more slowly.

63. The New Green Game Newsweek article claiming that tradable allowances for greenhouse gases may one day become the worlds biggest commodities market. http://stacks.msnbc.com/news/616105.asp

64. Greenhouse Gases And Where They Come From greenhouse gases and Where They Come From. To make the most of opportunitiesfor reducing greenhousegas emissions, it's a good idea http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid340.php

About RMI Strategic Influence Energy Businesses ... Support RMI var imageLoad = new Array('', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', ''); loadimages(imageLoad); Back To : Climate Individual Opportunities to Cool Global Warming * Choose Sub Category * Energy and Carbon Dioxide Conversion Factors Average Greenhouse Gas Emissions per U.S. Household Greenhouse Gases and Where They Come From To make the most of opportunities for reducing greenhouse-gas emissions, it's a good idea first to understand where the emissions come from. Carbon dioxide is the principal humanly produced greenhouse gas, especially at the household level. It's given off whenever carbon-based fuels are burned: oxygen (O ) from the atmosphere combines with the carbon (C) to produce carbon dioxide (CO ). But some fuels give off more carbon dioxide than others. For example, natural gas is the cleanest fossil fuel, emitting nearly 40 percent less CO

65. Rare Industrial Fluoride Identified As Potent And Expanding Greenhouse Gas Article on rising concentrations of a newly identified synthetic fluoride that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases. http://www.fluoridealert.org/greenhouse.htm

Fluoride Action Network New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent and Rare (but Expanding) Home A bout FAN F ... Search New York Times July 28, 2000 New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent and Rare (but Expanding) By ANDREW C. REVKIN Scientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases, the dozens of compounds released by industry and the burning of fuels that act like a greenhouse roof and may be warming the global climate. The synthetic gas is extremely rare, so far reaching concentrations just over one-tenth of one part per trillion of air, according to a paper published today in the journal Science. But it still poses potential problems, the paper's authors say, because concentrations of the gas are rising quickly, the gas probably takes more than 1,000 years to break down and its source although certainly from human activity is a mystery. "So far, there is far too small a quantity to be of concern," said William T. Sturges, an atmospheric chemist at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England, and the study's principal author. "But I wouldn't want to see it enormously increased."

66. LIBRARY-Climate This brief describes how we homeowners can lighten our impact on the earth's changingclimate by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases from our households. http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid173.php

About RMI Strategic Influence Energy Businesses ... Support RMI var imageLoad = new Array('', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', ''); loadimages(imageLoad); Back To : Library Climate All files found here are available in downloadable PDF format. When you click on the publication title the PDF will automatically begin downloading. To read a PDF file you must have Adobe Acrobat Reader installed on your computer—it's available for free from Adobe Systems If you find these publications useful please consider making an online donation to Rocky Mountain Institute. Cool Citizens: Everyday Solutions to Climate Change Household Solutions Brief (PDF-504k) This brief describes how we homeowners can lighten our impact on the earth's changing climate by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases from our households. Some of the measures save money fast enough to make sense for renters, too. Most of the recommendations pay for themselves in reduced energy bills in six years or less, and many in less than two years. (April 2002) Cool Citizens: Everyday Solutions to Climate Change Household Solutions: Residential carbon dioxide emissions profile and calculations of CO reduction measures (PDF-300k) U.S. Emissions of Greenhouse Gases per Household and per Capita, 1998

67. Cirene (Center Of Initiative And Research On Energy And The Environment) Specialized in energy and the environment climatic change, greenhouse gases, capture, storage and sequestration of CO2. http://www.cirene.asso.fr/ukco2.php

Cirene, spécialisé dans l'énergie et l'environnement : changement climatique, gaz à effet de serre, capture, stockage et séquestration du CO2. Le CIRENE réalise des études et conférences à destination des industriels, collectivités, ... CIRENE, CO2, effet de serre, energie, environnement, centre, initiative, recherche, environnemental, ecologie, etudes, conferences, rapports, reglementation, changement, climatique, capture, stockage, sequestration, climat, association, ducroux, jean-baptiste, sciences, chercheur, geosciences, taxation, technico, economique, prevision, previsionnel, energetique, industriels, institutionnels, CNRS, CEA, INRA, IFREMER, INSID, COGEMA, GDF, USINOR, ADEME, accord, internationaux, primaire, secondaire, renouvelable, nucleaire, eolien, eolienne, fossiles, petrole, charbon, electricite, hydrogene, solaire, geothermie, hydraulique, biomasse, marees, radioprotection, radon, retraitement, thermonucleaire, piles, SOFC, Kyoto, carbonique, gaz, economie.

68. U.S. Emissions Of Greenhouse Gases, 1990–2000 science and technologyHealth and Science—Environment Nature—EnvironmentUS Emissions of greenhouse gases, 1990–2000. (million metric tons of gas). http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0778287.html

Trace your family history with Ancestry.com All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Health and Science Environment (million metric tons of gas) Gas Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide HFCs, PFCs, and SF6 1. Preliminary data. Source: Compiled by the U.S. Energy Information Administration. Web: www.eia.doe.gov/ The Greenhouse Gas Effect Environment Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips About Us Contact Us Link to Infoplease ... Privacy

69. Environmental Defense Both domestically and internationally, Environmental Defense works to stabilize Earth's climate by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. http://www.environmentaldefense.org/system/templates/page/issue.cfm?subnav=12

70. The Greenhouse Gas Effect The gases that help capture the heat, called “greenhouse gases,” include watervapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and a variety of manufactured http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0004686.html

Trace your family history with Ancestry.com All Infoplease All Almanacs General Entertainment Sports Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Infoplease Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Fact Monster Kids' reference Info:Daily Fun facts Homework Center Newsletter You've got info! Help Site Map Visit related sites from: Family Education Network Health and Science Environment The Greenhouse Gas Effect Over the past several decades, rising concentrations of greenhouse gases have been detected in the Earth's atmosphere. Although there is not universal agreement within the scientific community on the impacts of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, it has been theorized that they may lead to an increase in the average temperature of the Earth's surface. To date, it has been difficult to note such an increase conclusively because of the differences in temperature around the Earth and throughout the year, and because of the difficulty of distinguishing permanent temperature changes from the normal fluctuations of the Earth's climate. In addition, there is not universal agreement among scientists and climatologists on the potential impacts of an increase in the average temperature of the Earth, although it has been hypothesized that it could lead to a variety of changes in the global climate, sea level, agricultural patterns, and ecosystems that could be, on net, detrimental. U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions

71. Cantor Fitzgerald Emissions Trading Consultants, Brokers Trading Emission Reduct Information about marketbased emissions trading programs for CO2, SO2 allowances, RECLAIM, NOx, SOx, greenhouse gases, and other environmental credits. Company provides trading services in several countries, consultation to governments on program design, and advice to industry on making the most of these programs. http://www.emissionstrading.com/

Welcome to Cantor Environmental Brokerage emissions trading consultants, auction brokers for trading of emission reduction credits and greenhouse gas emissions credits. Emissions Trading - Continuuous Clean Air Auction RECLAIM Trading Credits (RTCs) Emission Reduction Credits (ERCs) Discrete Emission Reductions (DERs) SO2 Allowances NOx Allowances Illinois VOM ATUs Greenhouse Gas Credits Wastewater Credits Renewable Energy / Green Tags MISSION STATEMENT: To provide a marketplace where industry, government, and the public can learn about, and take full advantage of environmental credit trading opportunities. Sponsor of the Premiere Emissions Trading Cantor Environmental Brokerage

72. Why Do Human-made Greenhouse Gases Matter When Water Vapor Is The Most Potent Gr Common Questions about Climate Change. Why Do Humanmade GreenhouseGases Matter When Water Vapor Is the Most Potent Greenhouse Gas? http://www.gcrio.org/ipcc/qa/09.html

Common Questions about Climate Change Why Do Human-made Greenhouse Gases Matter When Water Vapor Is the Most Potent Greenhouse Gas? However, just because water vapor is the most important gas in creating the natural greenhouse effect does not mean that human- made greenhouse gases are unimportant. Over the past ten thousand years, the amounts of the various greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere remained relatively stable until a few centuries ago, when the concentrations of many of these gases began to increase due to industrialization, increasing demand for energy, rising population, and changing land use and human settlement patterns. Accumulations of most of the human-made greenhouse gases are expected to continue to increase, so that, over the next 50 to 100 years, without control measures, they will produce a heat-trapping effect equivalent to more than a doubling of the pre-industrial carbon dioxide level. Increasing amounts of human-made greenhouse gases would lead to an increase in the globally averaged surface temperature. However, as the temperature increases, other aspects of the climate will alter, including the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. While human activities do not directly add significant amounts of water vapor to the atmosphere, warmer air contains more water vapor. Since water vapor is itself a greenhouse gas, global warming will be further enhanced by the increased amounts of water vapor. This sort of indirect effect is called a positive feedback.

73. New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent And Rare (but Expanding) New York Times article stating that scientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified synthetic gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases. http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/072800sci-environ-climate.html

July 28, 2000 New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent and Rare (but Expanding) By ANDREW C. REVKIN Related Articles The Natural World: Global Warming Forum Join a Discussion on The Environment cientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases, the dozens of compounds released by industry and the burning of fuels that act like a greenhouse roof and may be warming the global climate. The synthetic gas is extremely rare, so far reaching concentrations just over one-tenth of one part per trillion of air, according to a paper published today in the journal Science. But it still poses potential problems, the paper's authors say, because concentrations of the gas are rising quickly, the gas probably takes more than 1,000 years to break down and its source although certainly from human activity is a mystery. "So far, there is far too small a quantity to be of concern," said William T. Sturges, an atmospheric chemist at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England, and the study's principal author. "But I wouldn't want to see it enormously increased." The study provides the latest evidence of the global reach of pollution and the sometimes unintended consequences of industrial activity, said many chemists familiar with the report. Advance copies of the paper circulated this week by e-mail.

74. Stateline.org States Target Greenhouse Gases Home Issues Environment and Energy States Target greenhouse gasesBy Kathleen Murphy, Staff Writer Stateline.org February 13, 2003, http://www.stateline.org/story.do?storyId=287775

75. UK Emissions Trading Scheme Based on the international Kyoto Summit on Climate Change agreement, this describes the U.Ks National Emissions Trading scheme designed to reduce a range of greenhouse gases, 80% of which is carbon dioxide. http://www.emissions-trading.info

Emissions Trading Should you Participate in the Emissions Trading Scheme Emissions Trading - Questions and Answers Any emissions reductions in excess of the agreed targets under the CCL negotiated agreements can be sold into the market demonstrate an even reduction in emissions per annum UK Emissions Trading Scheme In 1997, at the Kyoto Summit on Climate Change, the EU signed up to an agreement to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 8% on 1990 levels during the years 2008 - 2012. The UK share was a commitment to reduce by 12.5% on 1990 levels during the years 2008 - 2012. Domestically the Government has set itself a target well in excess of this requirement, to reduce emissions by 20% by the year 2010. In March 1998 Lord Marshall was asked to produce a report on economic instruments and the business use of energy. This initially led to the introduction of the Climate Change Levy, now followed by a further measure recommended by Lord Marshall, the introduction of an Emissions Trading Scheme. This will be the first National Scheme in the World, and is likely to be followed in the next few years by a Pan European Scheme and then by a Worldwide Scheme

76. Ens A daily update on issues affecting the earth, from correspondents around the worldCategory Science Environment News...... February 14, 2003 (ENS) Fires are blazing in underground coal seams aroundthe globe, sending tons of soot, toxic fumes and greenhouse gases into the http://ens.lycos.com/

Home About ENS Youth Desk Email The Editor ... Events Calendar Search ENS News Type Search Term, Hit Enter WorldScan EUROPE EU Seeks New Eco-Partnership with Eastern Neighbors INTERNATIONAL ECUADOR ... Pikitup Declares War on Waste during Cricket World Cup Subscribe to ENS Enter your email to receive news Today! HTML Text AOL Iraqi Environment Defenseless Before Warring Forces DOHA, Qatar, March 21, 2003 - The air campaign of coalition forces against the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein went into high gear today, as hundreds of aircraft and cruise missiles targeted regime leadership and military targets in Baghdad and other cities, U.S. Central Command officials said. By midday Friday, as many as 30 oil wells were on fire in southern Iraq near Basra, according to British Defense Minister Geoff Hoon. Drying Mesopotamian Marshes Now Struck by Iraq War By Alexandru R. Savulescu KYOTO, Japan, March 22, 2003 (ENS) - The United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) will be ready to start work reconstructing Iraq “within days” of the war's ending, Klaus Toepfer, UNEP’s Executive Director, said here at the 3rd World Water Forum today. “As we mark World Water Day 2003,” he said, “we are reminded of the dramatic destruction of the Mesopotamian marshlands in southern Iraq over the past decade.” Wolf Advocates Resist Downlisting By J.R. Pegg

77. GreenHouse Gas Online - Greenhouse Gas News, Research And Resources Devoted to greenhouse gas and climate change news and science. Detailed information on the various greenhouse gases and on climate change issues. Also, contains up to date links to the abstracts of hundreds of greenhouse gas scientific papers. http://www.GHGonline.org

About GHG Online Introduction Contacts The Author Acknowledgement Greenhouse Gases Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide Others Climate Change Global warming Evidence Human Influence Predictions ... March 16, 2003 Greenhouse Gas News 16th March 2003   Fish Food Favourite Veerle Fievez and colleagues at Ghent University, Belgium, have reported on the effective use of fish oil feed additives in reducing livestock methane emissions. They achieved up to 40 percent cuts in sheep methane. 16th March 2003   Hard Cell The US administration's plan to develop hydrogen fuel cell technology, as a realistic alternative to fossil fuelled cars, has been undermined by a report which indicates that diesel and petrol hybrid cars remain the best option. 16th March 2003   Rain and Reindeer Jaako Putkonen and Gerard Roe, of the University of Washington, US, have warned of the threat to reindeer from increased rainfall caused by climate change. In the far north, rain can form thick ice and prevent feeding. 16th March 2003   Whiter Greenland Climatologists, Edward Hanna and John Cappelen, have revealed that, despite a consistent trend of climate warming in much of the world, temperatures in Greenland appear to have fallen over the last 50 years.

78. Manufacturers Back Plan To Cut Greenhouse Gases Manufacturers back plan to cut greenhouse gases. Bush's proposal wouldlink targets for reducing greenhouse gases to economic growth. http://www.freep.com/money/business/emiss13_20030213.htm

Home News Sports Entertainment ... Tom Walsh SECTIONS Stock quotes Air travel Auto news Auto reviews ... Place an ad Manufacturers back plan to cut greenhouse gases 12 industries promise change within decade February 13, 2003 BY ALEX CANIZARES BLOOMBERG WASHINGTON General Motors Corp., Dow Chemical Co. and hundreds of other companies agreed to curb industrial emissions under a voluntary White House plan to combat global warming. Trade groups representing 12 U.S. industries including automakers, power producers, oil refiners and chemical manufacturers promised to slow during the next decade the projected growth in emissions of gases linked to global warming. The administration's proposal aims to address concerns about global warming without imposing the mandatory caps on industrial air pollutants some lawmakers favor. Legislation that would impose mandatory limits on power plants was introduced in the Senate on Wednesday by a bipartisan group of lawmakers. Voluntary efforts "will create a far greater amount of leverage or pressure" than government mandates, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham said at a briefing in Washington. "The credibility of these sectors is now on the line." Bush's proposal would link targets for reducing greenhouse gases to economic growth. It calls for lowering the annual amount of emissions per million dollars of gross domestic product by 18 percent, from 183 metric tons last year to 151 metric tons in 2012.

79. MIT Center For Global Change Science Conducts research to enhance our ability to accurately predict changes in the global environment. Areas of interest include Convection, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Cloud Formation; Oceans and OceanAtmosphere Coupling; Land Surface Hydrology and Hydrology-Vegetation Coupling;Biogeochemistry of greenhouse gases and Reflective Aerosols; and Upper Atmospheric Chemistry and Circulation. http://web.mit.edu/cgcs/www/

MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Center for Global Change Science Phone Fax cgcs@mit.edu Mail : MIT 54-1312, 77 Massachusetts Ave. Cambridge MA 02139 USA CGCS Director Ronald G. Prinn Associate Director Rafael L. Bras MEMBERS RESEARCH REPORTS ... SEARCH The Center for Global Change Science CGCS ) at MIT was established in January, 1990, to address long-standing scientific problems that impede our ability to accurately predict changes in the global environment. The CGCS is interdisciplinary, involving both research and education , and builds on the long-established programs in meteorology oceanography hydrology chemistry , and satellite remote sensing carried out in the Schools of Science and Engineering at MIT. The CGCS , along with the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research CEEPR ), are the parent organizations of the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change , which involves significant cross-discipline interaction The long-term goal of the CGCS is to utilize theory and observations to understand the basic processes and mechanisms controlling the global environment, and thereby to accurately predict environmental changes. Initial objectives involve a sustained program of basic scientific research focused on five fundamental processes in the global climate machine: Convection, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Cloud Formation

80. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) Globalchange data and information analysis for the US Department of Energy (DOE). Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other radiatively active gases; role of the terrestrial biosphere and oceans in biogeochemical cycles of greenhouse gases; emissions of carbon dioxide; long-term climate trends; effects of elevated carbon dioxide on vegetation; vulnerability of coastal areas to rising sea level. http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/

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