Product Description
Including two new essays, this remarkable volume is an updated edition of Davidson's classic Essays on Actions and Events (1980). A superb work on the nature of human action, it features influential discussions of numerous topics. These include the freedom to act; weakness of the will; the logical form of talk about actions, intentions, and causality; the logic of practical reasoning; Hume's theory of the indirect passions; and the nature and limits of decision theory. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

Average rating - some papers 4-5 stars; some less
This is the standard collection of Davidson's early writings on events, action, and some of his work on the philosophy of mind and psychology. Some of the papers are very good ("The Logical Form of Action Sentences" is rightly regarded as a classic) whereas some other papers (e.g. "Mental Events") are obscure and confused. The latter suffers from (apparently) a lack of contact with how psychology (and in particular, cognitive neuroscience) is practiced. I nevertheless recommend the volume as a good collection of papers by one of the 20th century's more influential philosophers. I should note in passing that Davidson's current views on the individuation of events are not discussed in any of the papers. For that, see _Actions and Events: Perspectives on the Philosphy of Donald Davidson_ and his article "Reply to Quine on Events" therein.

Defeat of behaviorism and an embrace of free will
As a guy who wrote no books, Davidson's two published collections have done the work of securing his legacy. In this volume, among other things,we have the papers that argue for two of his most important theses inphilosophy of mind. (1) The behaviorists argued that every state of mindwas at best a disposition to some behavior, as in Gilbert Ryle's _TheConcept of Mind_. Davidson, in "Actions, Reasons, Causes" and acouple of other papers in this volume, laid bare one of the essentialarguments that put down this view for good. We often have many reasons orother mental states upon which we do not act. But such beliefs or desiresare still reasons, and still mental states--just ones that behaviorismcan't account for. (2) Davidson argues for the oft-maligned but influentialthesis of anomalous monism, as a strategy to resolve the worries arisingfrom "materialism of the mental". If the mind is mere matter,then physics will eventually figure out its laws! Then where will our freewill be? Davidson argues, relying on some tendentious claims about what alaw is, that there can never be laws of the mental *even though* there arelaws of the physical stuff. The mental is anomalous and notlawlike.

Anyway, this volume is a very important piece of recentphilosophy of mind. It also sets into motion an important tradition ofthinking about moral psychology, action theory and ethics from theperspective of reasons for agential action. ... Read more

Product Description
Truth, Language, and History is the much-anticipated final volume of Donald Davidson's philosophical writings. In four groups of essays, Davidson continues to explore the themes that occupied him for more than fifty years: the relations between language and the world; speaker intention and linguistic meaning; language and mind; mind and body; mind and world; mind and other minds. He asks: what is the role of the concept of truth in these explorations? And, can a scientific world view make room for human thought without reducing it to something material and mechanistic? Including a new introduction by his widow, Marcia Cavell, this volume completes Donald Davidson's colossal intellectual legacy. ... Read more

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This is the long-awaited third volume of philosophical writings by Davidson, whose influence on philosophy since the 1960s has been deep and broad. His first two collections, published by Oxford in the early 1980s, are recognized as contemporary classics. His ideas have continued to flow; now, in this new work, he presents a selection of his best work on knowledge, mind, and language from the last two decades. It is a rich and rewarding feast for anyone interested in philosophy, and essential reading for anyone working on these topics. ... Read more

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Subjective, Intersubjective, Objective
In this work Davidson explores various issues surrounding knowledge and epistemology.This work is progressive beginning with essays that deal with knowledge of one's self, moving to knowledge of other people, and then moving to knowledge of an external world.Through his triangulation thesis, Davidson shuts the doors on various types of epistemic skepticism, specifically, knowledge of one's own mental states, knowledge of other minds, and knowledge of the external world.While Davidson is by no means an easy author to read, his arguments are insightful, and his contributions to modern analytic philosophy are undeniable.I would recommend this book to anyone studying modern epistemology.

Classic Articles
Oxford is in the process of re-issuing these Davidson anthologies.The anthologies on truth and action do not have much new material.This anthology has some excellent previously published articles on self-knowledge/epistemology and rationality, which has become necessary reading on these respective topics.

Also, look out for new stuff in Vol. 4 and 5 in this series.

I also recommend Stroud's work on Davidson, which can be found in both of his recent collections (Oxford UP). ... Read more

Product Description
The Essential Davidson compiles the most celebrated papers of one of the twentieth century's greatest philosophers. It distills Donald Davidson's seminal contributions to our understanding of ourselves, from three decades of essays, into one thematically organized collection. A new, specially written introduction by Ernie Lepore and Kirk Ludwig, two of the world's leading authorities on his work, offers a guide through the ideas and arguments, shows how they interconnect, and reveals the systematic coherence of Davidson's worldview.
Davidson's philosophical program is organized around two connected projects. The first is that of understanding the nature of human agency. The second is that of understanding the nature and function of language, and its relation to the world. Accordingly, the first part of the book presents Davidson's investigation of reasons, causes, and intentions, which revolutionized the philosophy of action. This leads to his notable doctrine of anomalous monism, the view that all mental events are physical events, but that the mental cannot be reduced to the physical. The second part of the book presents the famous essays in which Davidson set out his highly original and influential philosophy of language, which founds the theory of meaning on the theory of truth.
These fifteen classic essays will be invaluable for anyone interested in the study of mind and language. Fascinating though they are individually, it is only when drawn together that there emerges a compelling picture of man as a rational linguistic animal whose thoughts, though not reducible to the material, are part of the fabric of the world, and whose knowledge of his own mind, the minds of others, and the world around him is as fundamental to his nature as the power of thought and speech itself. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

A great starting point
Donald Davidson has a reputation as a difficult philosopher. This reputation is not unfounded. Reading a Davidson essay that was referred to elsewhere (in my case, my first introduction was "Mental Events") is how most people first read him, but that's no way to get familiar with Davidson. We can object all we want to specific essays, or formulations, but Davidson's work forms one of the great systems of 20th century philosophy. Since he wrote no single book that introduces his whole philosophy, we have to scrounge around and read essays, following up interesting leads and lamenting that there is no one place to start.

Enter this book. It is missing a few important essays like "The Structure and Content of Truth" and "Thought and Talk," but that's forgivable given the accessibility of many of his most important essays in a single spot. Reading a single Davidson essay is a difficult task, and piecing together his views is even harder, but to begin unraveling the Davidsonian web it's hard to start anywhere better than here.

The editors provide a great introduction, which should help the reader orient themselves around the work. After reading a number of Davidson essays and not really understanding much beyond the surface, the introduction illuminated the basic structure of his project and made understanding Davidson a pleasure (though he is still difficult, the difficulty is rather like solving a puzzle), rather than an exercise in frustration mixed with pleasure. The editors, sadly, organized the book backwards. The truth work should come first, then the action work. But, then, I'd probably be complaining about that.

It is lacking, however, in fine-grained detail and explication. For that reason, I recommend this book in conjunction with Ernie Lepore and Kirk Ludwig's "Davidson: Meaning, Truth, Language, and Reality" for anyone interested in his philosophy. It is tough going, even with a guide, but reading Davidson is worthwhile: it's necessary to have at least a passing acquaintance with his work if you're interested in philosophy in the last thirty years; he will be remembered as one of the most important philosophers of the 20th century, and for good reason.

The only reason I took off one star is because, despite all the pros of this book, I don't really like the organization, there are essays that should be here but aren't, and the introduction could be better. But, this is nitpicking; anyone remotely interested should buy, own, and read this book with relish.

If you were stranded on a desert island and were only allowed one Davidson book.....
The editors gave themselves quite a task when they decided to compile this book, which aims to bring together in one handy volume the essential works of Davidson.I have to admit, if I were charged with the task, I'd give up.My ideal one-volume collection of Davidson's essays would simply be all of his essays--printed on that very thin paper they use for Bibles and available in a nice leather-bound edition, with quotations from Quine printed in red letters.

But given such a brutal page budget,the authors do a very good job, I think, of choosing essays.Particularly well represented is the development of Davidson's theories about Events and Actions.

A few choices the authors made strike me as odd.The first is the inclusion of the essay "A Coherence Theory of Truth" which Davidson states is, of all his essays, the one he'd like to rewrite the most.The essay was the opening words in a conversation which has lasted for decades now between Davidson, Rorty, Ramberg, and many others.Since the entire conversation couldn't possibly fit in the volume, why not just drop it entirely?There are also two odd ommisions:Why not include 'The structure and content of Truth?'and why not include "Laws and Cause"?

*sigh* choosing is an impossible task.I won't further quibble with the choices.

Does this book capture the essense of Davidson?The answer is inevitably no, but not because this is a necessarily bad collection of essays--it is because, for the most Quinean of reasons, Davidson _has_ no essence. ... Read more

Product Description
Now in a new edition, this volume updates Davidson's exceptional Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (1984), which set out his enormously influential philosophy of language. The original volume remains a central point of reference, and a focus of controversy, with its impact extending into linguistic theory, philosophy of mind, and epistemology. Addressing a central question--what it is for words to mean what they do--and featuring a previously uncollected, additional essay, this work will appeal to a wide audience of philosophers, linguists, and psychologists. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (2)

very hard to read, but pays
As the previous reviewer says, the book contains many of Davidson's seminal papers in the philosophy of language. This book, however, cannot be used as an introduction to anything, not to philosophy of language and not even to Davidson's. His style is extremely compressed, and sometimes he merely intimates what should be carefully explained. What it ideally takes two paragraphs to say, Davidson says in two lines; each sentence is therefore crammed up with thoughts; at some places the author becomes oracular.

I would love to say that Ramberg's book on Davidson can be of help for the beginner, but I must confess instead that I find Davidson's "Inquires" an excellent commentary on Ramberg.

This book will be understood only by those who are already trained in philosophy of language and who understand some logic too. I said "only by", not "by all".

For critical comments on the contents of the book, I refer the reader to a rather harsh and carping review by Jonathan Bennett, I think it was in "Mind", 1985.

As one reviewer in the backcover says, "struggle and learn". Here you have a great book by a great philosopher of language.

Read it!
Excellent book. A must read for everyone interested in philosophy of language. This book contains all of Davidson's important articles concerning philosophy of language. ... Read more

Product Description

This brief book takes readers to the very heart of what it is that philosophy can do well. Completed shortly before Donald Davidson's death at 85, Truth and Predication brings full circle a journey moving from the insights of Plato and Aristotle to the problems of contemporary philosophy. In particular, Davidson, countering many of his contemporaries, argues that the concept of truth is not ambiguous, and that we need an effective theory of truth in order to live well.

Davidson begins by harking back to an early interest in the classics, and an even earlier engagement with the workings of grammar; in the pleasures of diagramming sentences in grade school, he locates his first glimpse into the mechanics of how we conduct the most important activities in our life--such as declaring love, asking directions, issuing orders, and telling stories. Davidson connects these essential questions with the most basic and yet hard to understand mysteries of language use--how we connect noun to verb. This is a problem that Plato and Aristotle wrestled with, and Davidson draws on their thinking to show how an understanding of linguistic behavior is critical to the formulating of a workable concept of truth.

Anchored in classical philosophy, Truth and Predication nonetheless makes telling use of the work of a great number of modern philosophers from Tarski and Dewey to Quine and Rorty.Representing the very best of Western thought, it reopens the most difficult and pressing of ancient philosophical problems, and reveals them to be very much of our day.

Customer Reviews (1)

Disappointed
Davidson is trying to solve the age-old problem of the "unity of the proposition". The proposition SOCRATES HITS PLATO is different from the heap SOCRATES, THE RELATION OF HITTING, PLATO. This corresponds to the semantic fact that "Socrates hits Plato" is a sentence, whereas "Socrates, the relation of hitting, Plato" is not. Frege ineffectively tried to solve this by saying that the verb (in "Socrates hits Plato") denotes something which is "unsaturated", i.e. has holes in it, thereby enabling that thing to link up, in a proposition-forming way, with the items flanking it. Frege's theory is radically confused, as Davidson has noted many times.(For one thing, it has the absurd result that the thing corresponding to the verb "hits" has a hole in it, whereas the thing corresonding to the noun "the relation of hitting" does not. But how can this be, given that both expressions presumably pick out the same relation? Frege gave the absurd answer that we cannot speak of properties the way we can speak of individuals -- this is embodied in Frege's dictum "the property HORSE is not a property".) Rightly rejecting Frege's view, Davidson produces one of his own, which -- like much of his previous work -- involves a dubious reliance in Tarski's work relating to the definability of truth-predicates in formal languages. Throughout his career, Davidson often tried to turn Tarski's technical points in logic to deep semantic and metaphysical account. Davidson also seems to have found support in Tarski's work for some extremely strange and, I believe, false doctrines. Tarski's disquotationalism -- "snow is white" is true iff snow is white -- apparently inspired Davidson to think that (a) there are no propositions (sentences are enough), (b) there are no facts, (c) the predicate "is true" and the corresponding property are innocuous and somehow vacant (this is supposedly evidenced by the apparent equivalence of "snow is white" and "it is true that snow is white") (d) there is no difference between meanings and truth-conditions (Tarski talks about truth-conditions, not about meanings). None of these doctrines has any real support in Tarski's work; and Davidson's attempt to give them support - in particular, his use of the spurious "Slingshot" argument to prove that there are no facts and that, consequently,
sentences are not made true by anything -- involved rather glaring fallacies. Davidson's views on truth are based on a complete failure to see past the phonetic surface structure of indicative sentences. From a purely orthographic point of view, "snow is white" is less complex than the corresponding nominal: "that snow is white". But semantically the story is very different. Both encode the proposition THAT SNOW IS WHITE. But "snow is white" does something additional: it manages to ascribe truth to that proposition. (How this is done is a delicate matter.) Once the semantic anatomy of "snow is white" is laid bare, it becomes impossible to sustain the idea that the truth-predicate is innocuous or the concomitant idea that nothing MAKES a sentence be true. Davidson's views on these matters are projections of folk-syntax, and are a source of annoyance to anyone who (unlike Davidson) gives any credence to the work of Chomsky and other depth-grammarians. In Identity and Predication, the unique blend of obscurity, indirectness, and flabby logic that vitiated much of Davidson's earlier work is in full bloom. Further, he doesn't really add anything that wasn't already found in his earlier papers. As a philosopher, Davidson had some fine moments. His work on scepticism is original (though unsuccessful). Some aspects of his work on semantics -- especially his excavation of the logical form of action sentences and his scathing criticisms (in "Theories of Learnable languages") of Frege's bizarre views on indirect discourse -- are philosophical classics. But in this work, Davidson is not at his best, and this exposes a certain lack of focus that pervaded his career. On a scale of 1 to 10, I give it a 2. ... Read more

Product Description
Written by a distinguished roster of philosophers, this volume includes chapters on truth and meaning; the philosophy of action; radical interpretation; philosophical psychology; knowledge of the external world; other minds and our own minds; and the implications of Davidson's work for literary theory. Donald Davidson has been one of the most influential figures in modern analytic philosophy and has made significant contributions to a wide range of subjects. Embodied in a series of landmark essays stretching over nearly 40 years, his principal work exhibits a unity rare among philosophers contributing on so many diverse fronts. Kirk Ludwig, the recipient of two grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities, has taught at the University of Florida's Department of Philosophy since 1995.His areas of research specialization include philosophy of language, epistemology, and philosophy of mind.He has contributed chapters to a number of volumes on these topics as well as published articles in Philosophical Quarterly, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Mind and Language, and elsewhere. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Finally! An in-depth, comprehensible intro to Davidson
NOTE TO READER:Unfortunately, due to a glitch in Amazon's review system, you can read this review from two different books:

The right book:Donald Davidson (Contemporary Philosophy in Focus) edited by Kirk Ludwig
The wrong book:Donald Davidson: Meaning, Truth, Language, and Reality written by Leport and Ludwig.

Although I recommend both books, this review is for the first book.

Davidson's philosophy is very systematic, but very unsystematically presented. It has only been available in bits and pieces--an essay here, an interview there, perhaps some conference proceedings, etc. Getting the big picture was almost as hard as studying a pointalistic painting under a microscope--each dot was there, but how do they form a coherent whole?

This circumstance makes the appearance of this book quite fortunate indeed.Each chapter is written by first-rate philosophers who can do a first-rate job of presenting Davidson's philosophy to a newbie audience.

A note of caution: as I'm sure the authors themselves would agree, reading this book is NOT a substitute for reading Davidson's essays.This book isn't a substitute for Davidson, but a wide and accessible road which leads to Davidson.After reading this book you will be able to understand and confront Davidson's essays directly--an experience which has profoundly affected even very great philosophers such as Quine and Rorty. ... Read more

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Ernest Lepore and Kirk Ludwig present the definitive critical exposition of the philosophical system of Donald Davidson (1917-2003). Davidson's ideas had a deep and broad influence in the central areas of philosophy; he presented them in brilliant essays over four decades, but never set out explicitly the overarching scheme in which they all have their place. Lepore's and Ludwig's book will therefore be the key work, besides Davidson's own, for understanding one of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century. ... Read more

Product Description

This brief book takes readers to the very heart of what it is that philosophy can do well. Completed shortly before Donald Davidson's death at 85, Truth and Predication brings full circle a journey moving from the insights of Plato and Aristotle to the problems of contemporary philosophy. In particular, Davidson, countering many of his contemporaries, argues that the concept of truth is not ambiguous, and that we need an effective theory of truth in order to live well.

Davidson begins by harking back to an early interest in the classics, and an even earlier engagement with the workings of grammar; in the pleasures of diagramming sentences in grade school, he locates his first glimpse into the mechanics of how we conduct the most important activities in our life--such as declaring love, asking directions, issuing orders, and telling stories. Davidson connects these essential questions with the most basic and yet hard to understand mysteries of language use--how we connect noun to verb. This is a problem that Plato and Aristotle wrestled with, and Davidson draws on their thinking to show how an understanding of linguistic behavior is critical to the formulating of a workable concept of truth.

Anchored in classical philosophy, Truth and Predication nonetheless makes telling use of the work of a great number of modern philosophers from Tarski and Dewey to Quine and Rorty.Representing the very best of Western thought, it reopens the most difficult and pressing of ancient philosophical problems, and reveals them to be very much of our day.

Product Description
Twenty-seven critical essays, an introduction to Davidson's philosophy of language, and three essays by Davidson himself make up this volume. The volume's five sections correspond to the major sections of Davidson's "Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation" addressing, interpreting and further developing his views. The first section focuses on truth and meaning, the second on applications of Davidson's semantic theory, the third on radical interpretation, the fourth on language and reality and the fifth on limits of the literal. ... Read more

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Problems of Rationality is the eagerly awaited fourth volume of Donald Davidson's philosophical writings. From the 1960s until his death in August 2003 Davidson was perhaps the most influential figure in English-language philosophy, and his work has had a profound effect upon the discipline. His unified theory of the interpretation of thought, meaning, and action holds that rationality is a necessary condition for both mind and interpretation. Davidson here develops this theory to illuminate value judgements and how we understand them; to investigate what the conditions are for attributing mental states to an object or creature; and to grapple with the problems presented by thoughts and actions which seem to be irrational. Anyone working on knowledge, mind, and language will find these essays essential reading. ... Read more

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Davidson's Papers On Rationality
The philosophical project of Donald Davidson was immense ranging from philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, logic, to rationality.This collections of papers contains his works are rationality but it is does not stand in isolation from his other philosophical papers as is evident in the essay "Representation and Interpretation" where Davidson ties together various aspects of his semantic theory, philosophy of mind, and rationality.I would highly recommend this book to anyone who wants to explore Davidson's theories in any depth as well as to someone studying in the area of theories of rationality. ... Read more

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Ernest Lepore and Kirk Ludwig examine the foundations and applications of Davidson's influential program of truth-theoretic semantics for natural languages. The program uses an axiomatic truth theory for a language, which meets certain constraints, to serve the goals of a compositional meaning theory.

Lepore and Ludwig explain and clarify the motivations for the approach, and then consider how to apply the framework to a range of important natural language constructions, including quantifiers, proper names, indexicals, simple and complex demonstratives, quotation, adjectives and adverbs, the simple and perfect tenses, temporal adverbials and temporal quantifiers, tense in sentential complement clauses, attitude and indirect discourse reports, and the problem of interrogative and imperative sentences. They not only discuss Davidson's own contributions to these subjects but consider criticisms, developments, and alternatives as well. They conclude with a discussion of logical form in natural language in light of the approach, the role of the concept of truth in the program, and Davidson's view of it. Anyone working on meaning will find this book invaluable. ... Read more

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Customer Reviews (2)

Southern Agrarian finds sympathetic contemporary
Mark Royden Winchell, the leading scholar of the Southern Agrarians of his generation, studied under the last of the Agrarians at Vanderbilt, and was thus perfectly suited to prepare this outstanding bio. Sadly, Winchell died on May 8, 2008 at the young age of 59.This work will stand as a testament.

A fine biography; a necessary rescue
The lack of attention Donald Davidson has received since his death isscandalous. No doubt it stems in part from his racicialist views andresistance to the civil rights movement. Well Davidson was a flawedman--but to call him a "Racist" ( His old friend Robert PennWarren's daughter says that his name was never spoken in their house onthat account--I find it hard to believe) is simply to miss the measure ofthe man. He was a fine poet (just a notch below Robert Penn Warren and JohnCrowe Ransom) and a brilliant literary critic and teacher. His "Attackon Leviathan" is essential reading for those who confuse conservatismwith Newt Gingrich, and his poem "Lee in the Mountains" is atribute not only to a lost cause, but to all lost causes, and shouldtherefore resonate with all but the incurable narcissist.Winchell hasdone us a great service by presenting the man warts and allto us. If weever get beyond the name calling that passesfor political and literaryjudgement these days it will be due in large measure to books like thisone. ... Read more

Product Description
Professor Donald Davidson is one of the most innovative andinfluential recent philosophers. Ranging over a variety of topics inthe philosophy of language, philosophy of mind and epistemology, hissystem of thought is unified by his inquiries into the nature ofinterpretation and understanding the speech and behavior of others.
Together with its introduction,Language, Mind and Epistemologyexamines Davidson's unified stance towards philosophy by joiningAmerican and European authors within a collection of essays, publishedhere for the first time. The authors discuss the central topics inDavidson's latest philosophy: his holistic truth-theoretic stancetowards meaning and understanding, the epistemology of interpretationand translation, the externalist viewpoint in epistemology, theanti-Cartesian approach in accounting for first person authority, thethesis of anomalous monism, and the holistic conception of the mental.
... Read more

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This book is an introduction to and interpretation of the philosophy of language devised by Donald Davidson over the past 25 years. The guiding intuition is that Davidson's work is best understood as an ongoing attempt to purge semantics of theoretical reifications. Seen in this light the recent attack on the notion of language itself emerges as a natural development of his Quinian scepticism towards "meanings" and his rejections of reference-based semantic theories. Linguistic understanding is, for Davidson, essentially dynamic, arising only through a continuous process of theory construction and reconstruction. The result is a conception of semantics in which the notion of interpretation and not the notion of knowing a language is fundamental. In the course of his book Bjorn Ramberg provides a critical discussion of reference-based semantic theories, challenging the standard accounts of the principle of charity and elucidating the notion of radical interpretation. The final chapter on incommensurability ties in with the discussions of Kuhn's work in the philosophy of science and suggests certain links between Davidson's analytic semantics and hermeneutic theory. ... Read more

Customer Reviews (1)

Minor classic.
This book is, in my opinion, a minor classic which should be read by anyone interested in Davidson's work. Ramberg's exposition, though quite brief, repays close reading and is particularly useful for those who wish to situate Davidson's thought relative to continental or historical figures (another which is useful in this regard is Jeff Malpas' text, which has unfortunately gone out of print). In particular, Ramberg's discussion of incommensurability, and the effort to distinguish Davidson's position both from 'linguistic Kantianism' and relativism, help to show what is original about his philosophy, and to correct various misinterpretations thereof. ... Read more

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Many articles and books dealing with Donald Davidson'sphilosophy are dedicated to the papers and ideas Davidson put forwardin the `sixties and `seventies. In the last two decades, however,Davidson has continued to work in many areas of philosophy, offeringnew contributions, many of which are highly regarded by philosophersworking in the fields concerned. For instance, Davidson hasconsiderably developed his ideas about interpretation, theory ofmeaning, irreducibility of the mental, causation, and action theory;he has proposed an innovative externalist conception of the mentalcontent and a new analysis of the concept of truth; and he has partlymodified his theses about event, and the supervenience of the mentalon the physical. In Interpretations and Causes, some of the leading contemporaryanalytic philosophers discuss Davidson's new ideas in a lively,relevant, useful, and not always entirely sympathetic way. Davidsonhimself offers and original contribution. ... Read more