Geometry.Net - Science: Greenhouse Gases

NRDC - Global Warming
NRDC advocates dramatic reduction in emissions of greenhouse gases in the U.S. and abroad as well as the adoption and implementation of the Kyoto Protocol. Includes fact sheets, reports, and links.
http://www.nrdc.org/globalWarming/

Extractions: From sweltering heat to rising sea levels, global warming's effects have already begun. But solutions are in sight. We know where most heat-trapping gases come from: power plants and vehicles. And we know how to limit their emissions: through advanced technologies and stronger laws. NRDC experts are fighting on many fronts to put these fixes in place. By shifting the perception of global warming from an abstract threat to a pressing reality, and helping citizens take action. By pressing business and industry to consume less energy and build more efficient products. And by working for laws that will speed these innovations. Together, these actions form a practical, economical approach to solving this urgent problem.
Www.nytimes.com/2003/01/20/politics/20CLIM.html
Similar pages Global WarmingUnderstanding greenhouse gases for Education and Name of Product Global Warming Understanding greenhouse gases Software XWebBased (check one) Publishing/Parent Company Seeds Software System
http://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/20/politics/20CLIM.html

Extractions: n an aggressive effort to show that President Bush's voluntary climate strategy can work, senior administration officials are traveling the country collecting written promises from industries to curb emissions of gases linked to global warming. White House officials, insisting on concrete commitments measured in tons of gases, have rejected written offers from some industry groups to take nonspecific actions, several industry officials said. The administration and industry leaders plan to unveil a broad array of pledges at the White House on Feb. 6. This is the administration's latest and most intensive effort to demonstrate that voluntarily controlling emissions can make mandatory reductions unnecessary. Mr. Bush has said such reductions will harm the economy. The effort has no teeth, officials and company representatives say, other than the growing realization in industry that without measurable success from voluntary reductions, it will become ever harder in coming years to stave off legislation requiring companies to act. Senators of both parties introduced such legislation in Congress this month, and states are acting on their own as well. The administration's intent, once all the industries' commitments are tallied, is to meet Mr. Bush's stated goal: an 18 percent reduction, by 2012, in emissions of greenhouse gases for each unit of gross domestic product. Overall emissions would continue to grow, but more slowly.
The New Green Game
Newsweek article claiming that tradable allowances for greenhouse gases may one day become the worlds biggest commodities market.
http://stacks.msnbc.com/news/616105.asp
Greenhouse Gases And Where They Come From
greenhouse gases and Where They Come From. To make the most of opportunitiesfor reducing greenhousegas emissions, it's a good idea
http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid340.php

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Rare Industrial Fluoride Identified As Potent And Expanding Greenhouse Gas
Article on rising concentrations of a newly identified synthetic fluoride that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases.
http://www.fluoridealert.org/greenhouse.htm
LIBRARY-Climate
This brief describes how we homeowners can lighten our impact on the earth's changingclimate by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases from our households.
http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid173.php

Extractions: var imageLoad = new Array('', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', '','', '', ''); loadimages(imageLoad); Back To : Library This brief describes how we homeowners can lighten our impact on the earth's changing climate by reducing emissions of greenhouse gases from our households. Some of the measures save money fast enough to make sense for renters, too. Most of the recommendations pay for themselves in reduced energy bills in six years or less, and many in less than two years. (April 2002) Cool Citizens: Everyday Solutions to Climate Change
Cirene (Center Of Initiative And Research On Energy And The Environment)
Specialized in energy and the environment climatic change, greenhouse gases, capture, storage and sequestration of CO2.
http://www.cirene.asso.fr/ukco2.php

Extractions: Cirene, spécialisé dans l'énergie et l'environnement : changement climatique, gaz à effet de serre, capture, stockage et séquestration du CO2. Le CIRENE réalise des études et conférences à destination des industriels, collectivités, ... CIRENE, CO2, effet de serre, energie, environnement, centre, initiative, recherche, environnemental, ecologie, etudes, conferences, rapports, reglementation, changement, climatique, capture, stockage, sequestration, climat, association, ducroux, jean-baptiste, sciences, chercheur, geosciences, taxation, technico, economique, prevision, previsionnel, energetique, industriels, institutionnels, CNRS, CEA, INRA, IFREMER, INSID, COGEMA, GDF, USINOR, ADEME, accord, internationaux, primaire, secondaire, renouvelable, nucleaire, eolien, eolienne, fossiles, petrole, charbon, electricite, hydrogene, solaire, geothermie, hydraulique, biomasse, marees, radioprotection, radon, retraitement, thermonucleaire, piles, SOFC, Kyoto, carbonique, gaz, economie.
U.S. Emissions Of Greenhouse Gases, 19902000
science and technologyHealth and ScienceEnvironment NatureEnvironmentUS Emissions of greenhouse gases, 19902000. (million metric tons of gas).
http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0778287.html
Environmental Defense
Both domestically and internationally, Environmental Defense works to stabilize Earth's climate by reducing the emission of greenhouse gases.
http://www.environmentaldefense.org/system/templates/page/issue.cfm?subnav=12
The Greenhouse Gas Effect
The gases that help capture the heat, called greenhouse gases, include watervapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and a variety of manufactured
http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/A0004686.html

Extractions: Health and Science Environment Over the past several decades, rising concentrations of greenhouse gases have been detected in the Earth's atmosphere. Although there is not universal agreement within the scientific community on the impacts of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, it has been theorized that they may lead to an increase in the average temperature of the Earth's surface. To date, it has been difficult to note such an increase conclusively because of the differences in temperature around the Earth and throughout the year, and because of the difficulty of distinguishing permanent temperature changes from the normal fluctuations of the Earth's climate. In addition, there is not universal agreement among scientists and climatologists on the potential impacts of an increase in the average temperature of the Earth, although it has been hypothesized that it could lead to a variety of changes in the global climate, sea level, agricultural patterns, and ecosystems that could be, on net, detrimental. U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Cantor Fitzgerald Emissions Trading Consultants, Brokers Trading Emission Reduct
Information about marketbased emissions trading programs for CO2, SO2 allowances, RECLAIM, NOx, SOx, greenhouse gases, and other environmental credits. Company provides trading services in several countries, consultation to governments on program design, and advice to industry on making the most of these programs.
http://www.emissionstrading.com/
Why Do Human-made Greenhouse Gases Matter When Water Vapor Is The Most Potent Gr
Common Questions about Climate Change. Why Do Humanmade GreenhouseGases Matter When Water Vapor Is the Most Potent Greenhouse Gas?
http://www.gcrio.org/ipcc/qa/09.html

Extractions: Common Questions about Climate Change However, just because water vapor is the most important gas in creating the natural greenhouse effect does not mean that human- made greenhouse gases are unimportant. Over the past ten thousand years, the amounts of the various greenhouse gases in the Earth's atmosphere remained relatively stable until a few centuries ago, when the concentrations of many of these gases began to increase due to industrialization, increasing demand for energy, rising population, and changing land use and human settlement patterns. Accumulations of most of the human-made greenhouse gases are expected to continue to increase, so that, over the next 50 to 100 years, without control measures, they will produce a heat-trapping effect equivalent to more than a doubling of the pre-industrial carbon dioxide level. Increasing amounts of human-made greenhouse gases would lead to an increase in the globally averaged surface temperature. However, as the temperature increases, other aspects of the climate will alter, including the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere. While human activities do not directly add significant amounts of water vapor to the atmosphere, warmer air contains more water vapor. Since water vapor is itself a greenhouse gas, global warming will be further enhanced by the increased amounts of water vapor. This sort of indirect effect is called a positive feedback.
New Greenhouse Gas Identified, Potent And Rare (but Expanding)
New York Times article stating that scientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified synthetic gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases.
http://www.nytimes.com/library/national/science/072800sci-environ-climate.html

Extractions: cientists have found rising concentrations of a newly identified gas in the air that traps heat more effectively than all other known greenhouse gases, the dozens of compounds released by industry and the burning of fuels that act like a greenhouse roof and may be warming the global climate. The synthetic gas is extremely rare, so far reaching concentrations just over one-tenth of one part per trillion of air, according to a paper published today in the journal Science. But it still poses potential problems, the paper's authors say, because concentrations of the gas are rising quickly, the gas probably takes more than 1,000 years to break down and its source although certainly from human activity is a mystery. "So far, there is far too small a quantity to be of concern," said William T. Sturges, an atmospheric chemist at the University of East Anglia in Norwich, England, and the study's principal author. "But I wouldn't want to see it enormously increased." The study provides the latest evidence of the global reach of pollution and the sometimes unintended consequences of industrial activity, said many chemists familiar with the report. Advance copies of the paper circulated this week by e-mail.
Stateline.org States Target Greenhouse Gases
Home Issues Environment and Energy States Target greenhouse gasesBy Kathleen Murphy, Staff Writer Stateline.org February 13, 2003,
http://www.stateline.org/story.do?storyId=287775
UK Emissions Trading Scheme
Based on the international Kyoto Summit on Climate Change agreement, this describes the U.Ks National Emissions Trading scheme designed to reduce a range of greenhouse gases, 80% of which is carbon dioxide.
http://www.emissions-trading.info

Extractions: UK Emissions Trading Scheme In 1997, at the Kyoto Summit on Climate Change, the EU signed up to an agreement to reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions by 8% on 1990 levels during the years 2008 - 2012. The UK share was a commitment to reduce by 12.5% on 1990 levels during the years 2008 - 2012. Domestically the Government has set itself a target well in excess of this requirement, to reduce emissions by 20% by the year 2010. In March 1998 Lord Marshall was asked to produce a report on economic instruments and the business use of energy. This initially led to the introduction of the Climate Change Levy, now followed by a further measure recommended by Lord Marshall, the introduction of an Emissions Trading Scheme. This will be the first National Scheme in the World, and is likely to be followed in the next few years by a Pan European Scheme and then by a Worldwide Scheme
Ens
A daily update on issues affecting the earth, from correspondents around the worldCategory Science Environment News February 14, 2003 (ENS) Fires are blazing in underground coal seams aroundthe globe, sending tons of soot, toxic fumes and greenhouse gases into the
http://ens.lycos.com/

Extractions: DOHA, Qatar, March 21, 2003 - The air campaign of coalition forces against the Iraqi regime of Saddam Hussein went into high gear today, as hundreds of aircraft and cruise missiles targeted regime leadership and military targets in Baghdad and other cities, U.S. Central Command officials said. By midday Friday, as many as 30 oil wells were on fire in southern Iraq near Basra, according to British Defense Minister Geoff Hoon. Drying Mesopotamian Marshes Now Struck by Iraq War KYOTO, Japan, March 22, 2003 (ENS) - The United Nations Environmental Program (UNEP) will be ready to start work reconstructing Iraq within days of the war's ending, Klaus Toepfer, UNEPs Executive Director, said here at the 3rd World Water Forum today. As we mark World Water Day 2003, he said, we are reminded of the dramatic destruction of the Mesopotamian marshlands in southern Iraq over the past decade. Wolf Advocates Resist Downlisting
GreenHouse Gas Online - Greenhouse Gas News, Research And Resources
Devoted to greenhouse gas and climate change news and science. Detailed information on the various greenhouse gases and on climate change issues. Also, contains up to date links to the abstracts of hundreds of greenhouse gas scientific papers.
http://www.GHGonline.org
Manufacturers Back Plan To Cut Greenhouse Gases
Manufacturers back plan to cut greenhouse gases. Bush's proposal wouldlink targets for reducing greenhouse gases to economic growth.
http://www.freep.com/money/business/emiss13_20030213.htm

Extractions: BLOOMBERG WASHINGTON General Motors Corp., Dow Chemical Co. and hundreds of other companies agreed to curb industrial emissions under a voluntary White House plan to combat global warming. Trade groups representing 12 U.S. industries including automakers, power producers, oil refiners and chemical manufacturers promised to slow during the next decade the projected growth in emissions of gases linked to global warming. The administration's proposal aims to address concerns about global warming without imposing the mandatory caps on industrial air pollutants some lawmakers favor. Legislation that would impose mandatory limits on power plants was introduced in the Senate on Wednesday by a bipartisan group of lawmakers. Voluntary efforts "will create a far greater amount of leverage or pressure" than government mandates, Energy Secretary Spencer Abraham said at a briefing in Washington. "The credibility of these sectors is now on the line." Bush's proposal would link targets for reducing greenhouse gases to economic growth. It calls for lowering the annual amount of emissions per million dollars of gross domestic product by 18 percent, from 183 metric tons last year to 151 metric tons in 2012.
MIT Center For Global Change Science
Conducts research to enhance our ability to accurately predict changes in the global environment. Areas of interest include Convection, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Cloud Formation; Oceans and OceanAtmosphere Coupling; Land Surface Hydrology and Hydrology-Vegetation Coupling;Biogeochemistry of greenhouse gases and Reflective Aerosols; and Upper Atmospheric Chemistry and Circulation.
http://web.mit.edu/cgcs/www/

Extractions: MEMBERS RESEARCH REPORTS ... SEARCH The Center for Global Change Science CGCS ) at MIT was established in January, 1990, to address long-standing scientific problems that impede our ability to accurately predict changes in the global environment. The CGCS is interdisciplinary, involving both research and education , and builds on the long-established programs in meteorology oceanography hydrology chemistry , and satellite remote sensing carried out in the Schools of Science and Engineering at MIT. The CGCS , along with the MIT Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research CEEPR ), are the parent organizations of the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change , which involves significant cross-discipline interaction The long-term goal of the CGCS is to utilize theory and observations to understand the basic processes and mechanisms controlling the global environment, and thereby to accurately predict environmental changes. Initial objectives involve a sustained program of basic scientific research focused on five fundamental processes in the global climate machine: Convection, Atmospheric Water Vapor, and Cloud Formation
Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC)
Globalchange data and information analysis for the US Department of Energy (DOE). Atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide and other radiatively active gases; role of the terrestrial biosphere and oceans in biogeochemical cycles of greenhouse gases; emissions of carbon dioxide; long-term climate trends; effects of elevated carbon dioxide on vegetation; vulnerability of coastal areas to rising sea level.
http://cdiac.esd.ornl.gov/

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